Rajesh K. Dhumal

Hyperspectral imaging data atmospheric correction challenges and solutions using QUAC and FLAASH algorithms

Recently, Hyperspectral remote sensing technology has been proved to be a valuable tool to get reliable information with details for identifying different objects on the earth surface with high spectral resolution. Due to atmospheric effects the valuable information may be lost from hyperspectral data. Hence it is necessary to remove these effects from hyperspectral data for reliable identification of the objects on the earth surface. The atmospheric correction is a very critical task of hyperspectral images. The present paper highlights the advantages of hyperspectral data, challenges over it as a pre-processing with solutions through QUAC and FLAASH algorithms. The hyperspectral data acquired for Aurangabad district were used to test these algorithms. The result indicates that the size of hyperspectral image can be reduced. The ENVI 5.1 software with IDL language is an efficient way to visualize and analysis the hyperspectral images. Implementation of atmospheric correction algorithms like QUAC and FLAASH is successfully carried out. The QUAC model gives accurate and reliable results without any ancillary information but requires only wavelength and radiometric calibration with less time than FLAASH.

Comparative Analysis of Different Land Use–Land Cover Classifiers on Remote Sensing LISS-III Sensors Dataset

Determination and identification of land use–land cover (LULC) of urban area have become very challenging issue in planning a city development. In this paper, we report application of four classifiers to identify LULC using remote sensing data. In our study, LISS-III image dataset of February 2015, obtained from NRSC Hyderabad, India, for the region of Aurangabad city (India) has been used. It was found that all classifiers provided similar results for water body, whereas significant differences were detected for regions related to residential, rock, barren land and fallow land. The average values from these four classifiers are satisfactory in agreement with Toposheet obtained from the Survey of India.

Recent Advances and Challenges in Automatic Hyperspectral Endmember Extraction

The advancements in hyperspectral remote sensing are increasing continuously and recording a wealth of spatial as well as spectral information about an object, but resulting high volume of data. Analysis and classification of this high volume hyperspectral data needs a ground truth data or spectral library or image based endmembers which assist to unmix the mixed pixels and map their spatial distribution. Till date, though several hyperspectral endmember extraction algorithms have been proposed, every algorithm has its own limitations. The perfect endmember extraction algorithm would find unique spectra with no prior knowledge. This paper discusses the recent improvements and challenges in hyperspectral endmember extraction. The algorithms evaluated includes PPI, NFINDR, FIPPI and ATGP. The experiments are performed on the subset of Hyperion and AVIRIS_NG datasets.

Digital Assessment of Spatial Distribution of the Surface Soil Types Using Spatial (Texture) Features with MLC and SVM Approaches

In the present work, the effort has been made to identify and distribute of surface soil types using high spatial resolution multispectral (HSRM) image investigated in two ways. First, multispectral data is classified based on conventional approaches. Second, a method based on gray level co occurrence matrix (GLCM) as spatial objects extraction of the multispectral data is proposed. In this view, various texture parameters of the co-occurrence matrix method were used to highlight and extract the textures in the image. The method was computed on increasing matrix window size starting from original one. The Resourcesat-II Linear Imaging Self Scanning (LISS-IV) sensor multispectral image was used for testing the algorithms of the study area Phulambri Tehsil of Aurangabad region of Maharashtra state, India. The proposed approach was used as an input for Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) approaches for identification and distribution of surface soil types and other patterns. The experimental outcomes of the present research were appraised on the basis of classification accuracy of methods. The overall accuracy of classification by MLC and SVM after spatial feature extraction was 92.82 and 97.32% with kappa value of 0.90 and 0.96 respectively. It was found that, the accuracy of the classification has increased after considering spatial features based on co-occurrence matrix. The results were promising to extract the mixed features for classification of soil type objects.

Identification and Classification of Water Stressed Crops Using Hyperspectral Data: A Case Study of Paithan Tehsil

Globally, agricultural drought is the heterogeneous issue which causes the reduction of food production. The conventional methods have many limitations. Moreover, the use of multispectral remote sensing in drought condition monitoring possesses a limited spectral resolution which is insignificant for an understanding of water stress in the vegetation. In this regard, the study has been examined the agricultural droughts using ground observation, meteorological data and hyperspectral remote sensing (HRS) for assessment of crop water stress. The objective of this research was to: (a) examine the meteorological and hyperspectral data set for drought assessment (b) examine the agricultural stress tool for agricultural crop stress classification. The experimental results were evaluated and validated. The overall accuracy was obtained 86.66% with kappa coefficient 0.80. The research study has investigated the severe drought in the study area due to scanty rainfall during the Kharif season of year 2014. The present work is beneficial for identifying and monitoring the agricultural drought for better planning and management of crops.

Analysis and modelling of drinking water utilities by using GIS: in Aurangabad city, Maharashtra, India

Water demands are increasing as the population increases, it’s the challengeable task for municipality to equalise supply against demand. Existing systems operation is sometime cumbersome, and additionally growing populations demand is nightmare. Drinking water system is high budget asset, hence planning of such utilities needs simulation. There are various GIS software available which takes part in sophistication of simulation. Whole supply system is composed of several appurtenances, representing their appearance with specific characteristics. These multi-characteristic element working together for offering a dominant service, that is nothing but supply of water to the consumer. In this paper we implement computerized hydraulic modelling using EPANET and its Integration with GIS for analysis and modelling purpose.

Fuzzy convolution tactic for classification of spatial pattern and crop area

In this work we have used data as acquired by IRS P6 LISS III sensor to classify crop area and spatial pattern of Vaijapur Tehsil. The supervised classification approach with fuzzy convolution technique and Maximum likelihood classifier has been used for analysis of satellite image for the month of February 2015 and ground truth data collected during field visit for testing and training purpose. Fuzzy convolution has been applied on the fuzzy layers obtained after fuzzy classification and compared these result with Maximum Likelihood classifier. It is found that Maximum likelihood has given better result for overall classification but for crop area class; fuzzy convolution gives more truthful results.

Performance Analysis of Spectral Features Based on Narrowband Vegetation Indices for Cotton and Maize Crops by EO-1 Hyperion Dataset

The objective of this paper is to estimate and analyze the selected narrowband vegetation indices for cotton and maize crops at canopy level, generated by using EO-1 Hyperion dataset. EO-1 Hyperion data of the date 15th October 2014 has been collected from United States Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Explorer by data aquisition request (DAR). After performing atmospheric corrections by using Quick Atmospheric Correction (QUAC), we have applied selected narrowband vegetation indices specifically those which are based on greenness/leaf pigments namely NDVI, EVI, ARVI, SGI, and red-edge indices such as RENDVI and VOG-I. Statistical analysis has been done by using the statistical t-test, it is found that there is a more significant difference in the mean of the responses of cotton and maize to NDVI, ARVI and VOG-1 than EVI & RENDVI, whereas, the response to SGI for both the crops is very close to each other.

Application of Remote Sensing for Assessing Forest Cover Conditions of Aurangabad, (MS), India

The Remote Sensing has been playing an important role in mapping spatial and temporal behavior of forest cover. The mapping results are largely dependent on the user’s preferences because it is location and application specific. The study deals with the use of RS techniques to know the present status of forest area undertaken in the Gautala Wildlife Sanctuary, and Bird Sanctuary, Aurangabad region. Forest cover is depleting very fast due to the conversion of forest region into agricultural or other land use. The forest cover estimation of these protected areas has been derived from forest cover map generated from LISS III satellite images of the year 1997 and 2015 using digital image classification and processing approach. The temperature of the Aurangabad district is increasing and rainfall is reducing which indicates that deforestation can be one of the associated causes for it. The classification result shows that there is a significant conversion, loss in forest cover.

Performance analysis of fuzzy convolution tactic for classification of spatial pattern and crop area

In this work we have used data as acquired by IRS P6 LISS III sensor to classify crop area and spatial pattern of Vaijapur Tehsil. The supervised classification approach with fuzzy convolution technique and Maximum likelihood classifier has been used for analysis of satellite image for the month of February 2015 and ground truth data collected during field visit for testing and training purpose. Fuzzy convolution has been applied on the fuzzy layers obtained after fuzzy classification and compared these result with Maximum Likelihood classifier. It is found that Maximum likelihood has given better result for overall classification but for crop area class; fuzzy convolution gives more truthful results.