Rajesh Shardanand Prasad

Multi-objective fractional gravitational search algorithm for energy efficient routing in IoT

Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a significant role in the Internet world. The IoT is a system which integrates the computing devices, digital machines provided with unique identifiers which have the ability to transfer the data over the network via the better route. IoT is also expected to generate large amounts of data, the consequent necessity for quick aggregation of the data and process such data more effectively. In this paper, a multi-objective fractional gravitational search algorithm is proposed to find the optimal cluster head for energy efficient routing protocol in IoT network. To extend the lifetime of the node, the Fractional Gravitational Search Algorithm (FGSA) is proposed to find out the optimal cluster head node iteratively in the IoT network model. The cluster head node is selected in FGSA that is evaluated by the fitness function using multiple objectives such as distance, delay, link lifetime and energy, termed as multi-objective FGSA (MOFGSA). The simulation results and performance is analyzed using MATLAB implementation. The performance is compared with existing algorithms like Artificial Bee Colony, Gravitational Search Algorithm and multi-particle swarm immune cooperative algorithm. Thus, the proposed MOFGSA algorithm ensures to prolong the lifetime of IoT nodes.

Mobile Sink with Mobile Agents: Effective Mobility Scheme for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) has been drawing considerable attention and discussion in recent years due to its potential applications in various fields. In modern applications for future internet the MSN (Mobile Sensor Network) is a key factor. Mobility allows the applications of Wireless Sensor Network to be compatible with IoT (Internet of Things) applications. As mobility enhances capability of the network it also affects the performance of the network at each layer. In recent years the various methodologies are proposed to handle mobility. Most of them use mobility for efficient data collection in WSNs. The purpose of this paper is to study effects of mobility on various performance parameters of the network and to explore the effective techniques to handle mobility in network. This paper proposes Mobile Sink with Mobile Agent mobility model for WSN which will increase the lifetime of the network using sink and agent node mobility. KEyWoRDS Internet of Things (IoT), Mobile Sensor Network (MSN), Mobility, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)

Tradeoffs Between Forensics and Anti-Forensics of Digital Images

Over past few years, we are the spectators of the evolution in the field of information technology, telecommunication and networking. Due to the advancement of smart phones, easy and inexpensive access to the internet and popularity of social networking, capture and use of digital images has increased drastically. Image processing techniques are getting developed at rapidly and at the same time easy to use image tampering soft-wares are also getting readily available. If tampered images are misused, big troubles having deep moral, ethical and lawful allegations may arise. Due to high potential of visual media and the ease in their capture, distribution and storage, we rarely find a field where digital visual data is not used. The value of image as evidence of event must be carefully assessed and it is a call for from different fields of applications. Therefore, in this age of fantasy, image authentication has become an issue of utmost importance.

An Optimal Routing Algorithm for Internet of Things Enabling Technologies

In Internet of things and its relevant technologies the routing of data plays one of the major roles. In this paper, a routing algorithm is presented for the networks consisting of smart objects, so that the Internet of Things and its enabling technologies can provide high reliability while the transmitting the data. The proposed technique executes in two stages. In first stage, the sensor nodes are clustered and an optimal cluster head is selected by using k-means clustering algorithm. The clustering is performed based on energy of sensor nodes. Then the energy cost of the cluster head and the trust level of the sensor nodes are determined. At second stage, an optimal path will be selected by using the Genetic Algorithm GA. The genetic algorithm is based on the energy cost at cluster head, trust level at sensor nodes and path length. The resultant optimal path provides high reliability, better speed and more lifetimes.

A Systematic Review on Author Identification Methods

Author Identification is a technique for identifying author of anonymous text. It has near about 130 year’s long history, started with the work by Mendenhall 1987. Applications of Author identification include plagiarism detection, detecting anonymous author, in forensics and so on. In this paper the authors outline features used for Author identification like vocabulary, syntactic and others. Researchers worked on various methods for Author identification they also outline this paper on types of Author Identification methods that include 1. Profile-based Approaches which includes Probabilistic Models, Compression Models, Common n-Grams (CNG) approach, 2. Instance-based Approaches which includes Vector Space Models, Similarity-based Models, Meta-learning Models and 3. Hybrid Approaches. At the end the authors conclude this paper with observations and future scope. KeywoRDS Attribution Method, Author Identification, Feature Set, Text Features, Text Mining

Fractional Gravitational Grey Wolf Optimization to Multi-Path Data Transmission in IoT

The advancements of technology in the field of communication made WSN based IoT attractive and applicable to various areas. It is comprised IoT nodes that work on limited battery supplies. Hence, a high-performance routing protocol is essential for routing in such networks to overcome the energy constraint problems. In this paper, an energy efficient routing algorithm Fractional Gravitational Grey Wolf Optimization (FGGWO) is proposed for multipath data transmission. This work is motivated by the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm that discovered multipaths based on clustering technique. The proposed algorithm improves the routing process of ACO in a two stage process. At first, the cluster heads are selected by utilizing the previous work Fractional Gravitational Search Algorithm (FGSA). Secondly, multiple paths are generated from the source to the destination using FGGWO, which modifies Grey Wolf Optimization by integrating FGSA in the algorithm. Objectives, such as, energy, inter and intra-cluster distance, delay and lifetime, considered in the fitness function provide optimal paths for the transmission. The experimental results show that the proposed FGSA + FGGWO algorithm has higher performance regarding energy and alive nodes, in comparison with the existing ABC + ACO, FABC + EACO, and Threshold + ACO techniques. The maximum number of alive nodes and energy estimated in FGSA + FGGWO is 25 and 0.1298 for 50 nodes; and 27 and 0.0876, for 100 nodes.

Mobility Aware Path Discovery for Efficient Routing in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network

This paper proposes effective solution for routing information in wireless multimedia sensor network using multipath and multi-objective routing scheme. The ubiquitous nature of the future Internet demands multi-objective routing for serving the dynamic applications and new technologies. Multimedia data and scalar data should be treated differently while routing through WMSN. This separation of data requires multiple paths for multiple objectives. Objectives can be the speed of communication, the energy efficiency of the network, the lifetime of the network, reliability of communication, or load balancing in the network. This paper discusses the advantages of multipath routing and proposed an effective solution for finding multiple paths depending upon the demand of quality of service from the network. The path discovery methodology is evaluated using a mathematical model and the results are compared for the mobility of the network which is a demand of ubiquitous future Internet.

Improving JPEG Image Anti-forensics

This paper proposes a forensic method for identifying whether an image was previously compressed by JPEG and also proposes an improved anti-forensics method to enhance the quality of noise added image. Stamm and Lius anti-forensics method disable the detection capabilities of various forensics methods proposed in the literature, used for identifying the compressed images. However, it also degrades the quality of the image. First, we analyze the anti-forensics method and then use the decimal histogram of the coefficients to distinguish the never compressed images from the previously compressed; even the compressed image processed anti-forensically. After analyzing the noise distribution in the AF image, we propose a method to remove the Gaussian noise caused by image dithering which in turn enhances the image quality. The paper is organized in the following manner: Section I is the introduction, containing previous literature. Section II briefs Anti-forensic method proposed by Stamm et al. In section III, we have proposed a forensic approach and section IV comprises of improved anti-forensic approach. Section V covers details of experimentation followed by the conclusion.

Comprehensive survey on effect of mobility over routing issues in wireless multimedia sensor networks

Purpose Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN) is expected to be a key technology for future network. The multimodal information along with very low-cost availability of the camera sensor nodes is promoting the extensive use of audio, image and video in various real-time implementations. The purpose of this paper is to study various routing issues and the effect of mobility on existing solutions for the applications in future internet. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts a survey of the various methodologies for routing and the vital issues in the design of routing protocols for WMSN, and it also discusses about the effect of mobility on various routing methodologies of WMSN. WMSN ubiquitously performs data acquisition, processing and routing for scalar and multimedia data in a mobile environment. The routing protocols should be adaptive in nature and should have a dynamic approach to service effectively for future network. Many authors proposed the mobility of sink to improve lifetime of the network. This paper discusses some effective approaches for the network where not only the sink node but also some of the sensor nodes are mobile. Findings During the survey, the performance and lifetime of the network are discussed, other parameters like delay, packet loss, energy consumption and simulators used for implementation are also discussed. Originality/value The techniques in this paper represent a considerable solution for mobility issues in future internet applications.