Ram Kishor Singh

THz generation by cosh-Gaussian lasers in a rippled density plasma

This paper presents a scheme to achieve THz radiation by the beating of cosh-Gaussian lasers in spatially periodic density plasma (ripple density). Here, the lasers exert a nonlinear ponderomotive force along the transverse direction which imparts an oscillatory velocity to electrons that couples with the density ripple to generate a stronger transient transverse current due to the spatial variation of their fields, driving THz radiation. The importance of laser-beam-width parameters, decentred parameter, amplitude and periodicity of the density structure are discussed for THz emission. By changing the decentred parameter the peak intensity of lasers can be shifted in the transverse direction and a notable change is found in the magnitude of THz field amplitude and its conversion efficiency.

Terahertz generation by two cross focused laser beams in collisional plasmas

The role of two cross-focused spatial-Gaussian laser beams has been studied for the high power and efficient terahertz (THz) radiation generation in the collisional plasma. The nonlinear current at THz frequency arises on account of temperature dependent collision frequency of electrons with ions in the plasma and the presence of a static electric field (applied externally in the plasma) and density ripple. Optimisation of laser-plasma parameters gives the radiated THz power of the order of 0.23  MW.

Terahertz generation by two cross focused Gaussian laser beams in magnetized plasma

This paper presents a theoretical model for terahertz (THz) radiation generation by two cross-focused Gaussian laser beams in a collisionless magnetoplasma. The plasma is redistributed due to the ponderomotive nonlinearity which leads to the cross focusing of the laser beams. The focusing of the copropagating laser beams increases with increasing the externally applied static magnetic field which is perpendicular to the wave propagation direction. The nonlinear current at THz frequency arises on account of nonlinear ponderomotive force as a result of beating of the two lasers. The generated THz radiation amplitude increases significantly with increasing magnetic field. The cross focusing of two laser beams enhances the THz yield. Optimization of laser-plasma parameters gives the radiated normalized THz power of the order of 10 kW.

THz generation by self-focusing of hollow Gaussian laser beam in magnetised plasma

A scheme of terahertz (THz) generation is proposed by the self-focusing of a high-power laser beam having hollow Gaussian intensity profile in a collissionless magnetized plasma, where ponderomotive nonlinearity is operative. THz waves are resonantly excited at the difference frequency of laser and electron plasma wave (EPW) satisfying the proper phase matching conditions. In this paper first we have investigated the filamentation of the circularly polarized hollow Gaussian beam (HGB) propagating parallel to the direction of a static background magnetic field within the paraxial approximation, subsequently this filamented HG laser beam interplay with the electron plasma wave to generate a nonlinear current in the transverse direction, thereby producing THz radiations. The intensity of the emitted radiations are found to be highly sensitive to the order of the HGB. For the current scheme the power level of THz wave comes out to be gigawatts.

Stimulated Brillouin backscattering of filamented hollow Gaussian beams

This paper presents an investigation for excitation of ion acoustic wave and resulting stimulated Brillouin scattering in a collisionless plasma due to presence of a laser beam carrying null intensity at center (hollow Gaussian beam). In presence of ponderomotive nonlinearity, the pump beam get focused and affects the back stimulated Brillouin scattering process. To understand the nature of laser plasma coupling, a paraxial-ray approximation has been invoked for the propagation of the hollow Gaussian beam, ion acoustic wave, and stimulated Brillouin scattering. It is observed from the result that self-focusing and back reflectivity reduces for higher order of hollow Gaussian beam.

Effect of laser beam filamentation on coexisting stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering

This paper presents the study of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) when both of these processes are coexisting and pump laser beam initial power is more than filamentation threshold. On account of the ponderomotive nonlinearity, the pump laser beam gets filamented, and both the scattering processes (SRS and SBS) get affected. Simultaneous presence of SRS and SBS (five wave interaction case) also affect the pump filamentation process due to pump depletion. Both the scattering processes (SRS and SBS) are enhanced due to filamentation of laser beam. Results are also compared with the three wave interaction case (either SRS or SBS) with and without filamentation.

Strong terahertz generation by optical rectification of a super-Gaussian laser beam

Terahertz (THz) generation by optical rectification of a laser beam having spatially super-Gaussian and temporally Gaussian intensity profile is investigated when it is propagating in a pre-formed rippled density plasma. The quasi-static ponderomotive force which is generated due to the variation in intensity of laser pulse leads to a nonlinear current density in the direction transverse to the direction of propagation which drives a radiation. The frequency of this radiation falls in the THz range if the pulse duration of the laser is chosen suitably. The density ripple provides the phase matching. The yield of generated THz has been compared when the phase matching is exact and when there is slight mismatch of phases. The variation in the intensity of the generated THz with the index of super-Gaussian pulse has also been studied.

Study of coexisting stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering at relativistic laser power

This paper presents a model to study the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) simultaneously at relativistic laser power. At high intensity, the relativistic mass correction for the plasma electrons becomes significant and the plasma refractive index gets modified which leads to the relativistic self-focusing of the pump beam. This filamentation process affects the scattering processes (SRS and SBS) and at the same time the pump filamentation process also gets modified in the presence of the coexisting SRS and SBS due to the pump depletion. We have also demonstrated that the pump depletion and relativistic filamentation affects the back-reflectivity of scattered beams (SRS and SBS) significantly, for the coexistence case.

Terahertz generation by relativistic ponderomotive focusing of two co-axial Gaussian laser beams propagating in ripple density plasma

Terahertz (THz) generation by beating of two co-axial Gaussian laser beams, propagating in ripple density plasma, has been studied when both ponderomotive and relativistic nonlinearities are operative. When the two lasers co-propagate in rippled density plasma, electrons acquire a nonlinear velocity at beat frequency in the direction transverse to the direction of propagation. This nonlinear oscillatory velocity couples with the density ripple to generate a nonlinear current, which in turn generates THz radiation at the difference frequency. The necessary phase matching condition is provided by the density ripple. Relativistic ponderomotive focusing of the two lasers and its effects on yield of the generated THz amplitude have been discussed. Numerical results show that conversion efficiency of the order of 10−3 can be achieved in the terahertz radiation generation with relativistic ponderomotive focusing.

THz radiation by amplitude-modulated self-focused Gaussian laser beam in ripple density plasma

The effect of self-focusing and defocusing on terahertz (THz) generation by amplitude-modulated Gaussian laser beam in rippled density plasma is investigated. A stronger transient transverse current is generated by transverse component of ponderomotive force exerted by laser on electrons that drives radiation at the modulation frequency (which is chosen to be in the THz domain) because of the variation in intensity in the direction transverse to the laser propagation. Numerical simulations indicate the enhancement of THz yield by many folds due to self-focusing of laser beam in comparison with that without self-focusing. The transient focusing of laser beam and its effect on the generated THz amplitude has also been studied.