Raquel de Deus Mendonça

Academia da Cidade: um serviço de promoção da saúde na rede assistencial do Sistema Único de Saúde

This is an analysis of the health and nutritional profile of users of the Unified Health System admitted to a City Academy in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais during a triennium. It is a cross-sectional study with users> 20 years and socio-demographic characteristics, health habits, food intake and anthropometrics were gathered. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, chi-square and Fisher exact test were applied. There was a high prevalence of hypertensive subjects (41.6%), overweight (70.6%) and metabolic risks associated with obesity (67.6%). About 40% of entrants had 1-3 chronic diseases and over 65% used medication daily. There was an imbalance in daily consumption of fruits and vegetables (75.3%), fatty meat (72.4%) and sweetened drinks (54.2%). They had low education and income, and inadequate eating habits and high prevalence of hypertension, overweight and metabolic risks associated with obesity, which suggests users seeking health care services for treatment of diseases. This illustrates the perceived quest for cure, further demonstrating the lack of healthcare initiatives in the population. This reveals the need to review the actions at different levels of health care, to promote greater comprehensiveness of care provided.

Intervention based on Transtheoretical Model promotes anthropometric and nutritional improvements - a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVEnTo analyze the effects of an intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model on anthropometric and dietetic profile among women in the Primary Health Care in Brazil.nnnDESIGN AND METHODSnRandomized controlled trial. The control group participated in physical activity and open group-education regarding nutrition of usual care. The intervention group participated in 10 workshops based on the Transtheoretical Model.nnnRESULTSnSeventy-one women completed the study, with a mean age of 57.9±11.7years. Participants in the intervention group showed an improved body perception, reduced weight and body mass index post-intervention, and lower consumption of calories and foods high in fat. Significant weight reduction in the intervention group was associated with higher per capita income, reduced consumption of protein, reduced consumption of lipids, and the removal of visible fat from red meat and skin from chicken.nnnCONCLUSIONnAn intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model promoted reduction in consumption of foods high in calories and fat, with positive effects on weight and body perception. These results provide evidence of the applicability and benefit of the Transtheoretical Model within primary care.

A percepção de alunos quanto ao programa de educação pelo trabalho para a saúde - PET-Saúde

INTRODUCTION: This study proposes to analyzes students views of the course in medicine at the Federal University in Minas Gerais (UFMG) in relation to the development of the Educational Program for Health Work (PET-Saude), the objective of which is to integrate training with primary care services. OBJECTIVE: Investigate students perceptions of the method of interdisciplinary integration between teaching, research and extension as proposed by PET-Saude. METHOD: For data collection, a cross-sectional study was conducted with students in PET-Saude, using a self-completed structured questionnaire. The study used a descriptive analysis and chi-square and Fischers exact test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The study sample included 194 students, with a mean age of 22.7 years (±3.26), of whom 86.8% were women and 72.9% scholarship students. The proposed method fostered teaching and learning by scholarship students and volunteers, interdisciplinary work, and integration between training, research, and extension. Medical students from the second to fifth semesters (73.7%) were those that reported the most frequent training practices (p<0.001). The most frequent activities were research and planning of activities, with differences between scholarship students and volunteers in terms of participation in the activities held by the Family Health Teams (85.3% versus 52.9%; p=0.01) and in the capacity to share the research results in the community (35.5% versus 87.0%; p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The PET-Saude project at UFMG/SMSA-BH led to improvements, but also limitations, in relation to changes in human resources training in health.

Percepção dos alunos de uma universidade pública sobre o Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde

This study sought to analyze the Education Program for Work in Health from the perspective of students at a public university in Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais, in their first year and its impact on the students qualification. It is a prospective cohort study with students who participated on this program, and the data was collected by a structured and self-applied questionnaire, during the sixth and tenth months of the program, with sociodemographic questions, methodology, aims and impact of the program. The majority reported that the programs proposed aims were attained, especially interdisciplinary work and academic research focused on the Unified Health Systems needs. The program also contributed to training in research, teaching and extension work, and in the second evaluation, the students reported greater interaction with social equipment. It is considered that the program is an important strategy for human resources training in accordance with the Unified Health Systems needs, by enabling the exercise of teamwork, communication, agility and creativity to deal with adverse situations, as well as the practice of the primary health care principles integrated in the community.

The dietary profile of socially vulnerable participants in health promotion programs in a brazilian metropolis

OBJECTIVESnTo analyze the dietary profile of participants who used two health promotion services located in socially vulnerable areas in a Brazilian metropolis.nnnMETHODSnA cross-sectional comparative study was conducted with participants (n = 370) aged ≥ 20 years who joined two services of the Academias da Cidade program in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study participants engaged in physical activity and nutritional education actions directed by the services from 2009 to 2010. The sociodemographic and economic conditions and health and nutrition profiles of each individual were assessed.nnnRESULTSnParticipants from a high social-risk who used the service did not demonstrate adequate intake of vegetables (54.6 versus 43.6%; p = 0.038), sweets (33.5 versus 23.2%; p = 0.030), soft drinks (28.5 versus 11.9%; p < 0.001), artificial juice (34.7 versus 22.6%; p = 0.011), and processed meat (48.8 versus 32.7; p = 0.002). However, in the other service, lower social vulnerability, a higher prevalence of abdominal adiposity (60.7 versus 43.0%; p = 0.004) and consumption of high-fat meat products (53.0 versus 36.5%; p = 0.002) was observed.nnnCONCLUSIONnParticipants who used both services demonstrated inadequate food intake compatible with the development of chronic disease profiles. However, the participants in each service were distinct from each other. This suggests that promotion of healthy eating should to contemplate the territory and its interface with people health.

Factors associated with breakfasting in users of a public health service

OBJECTIVE: This study identified the sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary and anthropometric factors of users of a public health promotion service who have breakfast regularly. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included all users aged 20 years or more who joined the service between March 2007 and December 2010. Their socioeconomic and anthropometric data, dietary habits and health status were investigated. Statistical treatment included the Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Fishers exact and Students t tests and Poisson regression analysis (p<0.05). RESULTS: Most of the participants (87.1%, n=528) breakfasted often, especially those aged 48.5 years or more (p=0.041). Poisson regression analysis showed association between breakfasting often and not smoking (PR=1.45, 95%CI: 1.10-1.91), having a greater number of daily meals (PR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.06-1.25), appropriate intake of deep-fried foods (PR=1.12, 95%CI: 1.01-1.25), lower fat intake (PR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.68-0.89) and smaller prevalence of excess weight (PR=0.85, 95%CI: 0.78-0.92). CONCLUSION: The positive relationship found between breakfasting often and not smoking, appropriate food and nutrient intakes and a healthier body weight shows the need of emphasizing this meal in health services as a simple and doable health promotion strategy that helps to prevent and control chronic diseases.

Association between food insecurity and food intake

BACKGROUNDnWe aim to identify the prevalence of food insecurity and to ascertain the association between food insecurity and food intake.nnnMETHODnA cross-sectional survey.nnnSETTINGnThe study included users of a primary healthcare service in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, from 2013 to 2014. Socioeconomic, health, and food intake data were gathered using a questionnaire and the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale.nnnSUBJECTSnIndividuals 20 years old or older (nu2009=u20092817).nnnRESULTSnThe prevalence of food insecurity among families with individuals under 18 years was 41.0%, and 26.4% in other households. After adjusting for potential confounders, the households in food insecurity with members under 18 years old, the consumption of fruits and vegetables (RPu2009=u20090.70, 95%IC: 0.58-0.84), and fruits (RPu2009=u20090.74, 95%IC: 0.59-0.93) was lower; and consumption of beans was higher (RPu2009=u20091.49, 95%IC: 1.06-2.09) compared to those with food security. In households without members under 18 years old, the consumption of fruits and vegetables (RPu2009=u20090.68, 95%IC: 0.58-0.79), fruits (RPu2009=u20090.61, 95%IC: 0.50-0.74), and beans (RPu2009=u20090.78, 95%IC: 0.63-0.97) was lower; and the consumption of tubers (RPu2009=u20091.36, 95%IC: 1.03-1.79) was higher. However, the state of food insecurity did not affect the consumption of ultra-processed foods, independently of age, sex, marital status, educational level, and employed status.nnnCONCLUSIONnFood insecurity negatively affected the fruit and vegetable consumption in both types of families tested. The consumption of beans was higher in households with children and adolescents, and the consumption of tubers was higher in households without children and adolescents. However, food insecurity did not change the intake of ultraprocessed foods.

Não utilização de consultas de rotina na Atenção Básica por pessoas com hipertensão arterial

The objectives of this study were to identify, among individuals with hypertension, sociodemographic factors associated with non-use of routine medical appointments available in primary care and check if non-use of consultations interferes with noncompliance with pharmacotherapy, uncontrolled blood pressure and hospitalization. This is a cross-sectional study with random and stratified sampling. A total of 422 individuals living in the city of Maringá, Paraná, were interviewed. There were crude and adjusted analyses using logistic regression, estimating odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. It was found that, in the six months preceding the interview, 47 (11.1%) individuals did not use routine appointments. Being male, nonwhite and using only public health services were associated with non-use of consultations. Most of those who did not use consultations also failed to comply with pharmacotherapy and presented dysregulated blood pressure. Healthcare professionals need to develop strategies in order to increase attendance of hypertensive individuals to medical appointments, giving priority to population groups of men, nonwhite individuals and those who use public health services. Greater use of consultations can assist in blood pressure control and reduce complications.

Fomento de la práctica del orientación sobre vida saludable en la Atención Primaria de Salud

Objective: To analyze the effect educational actions with professionals of Primary Healthcare focused on counseling on healthy ways. Methods: Intervention st...

Incentivo à prática de aconselhamento sobre modos saudáveis de vida na Atenção Primária à Saúde

Objective: To analyze the effect educational actions with professionals of Primary Healthcare focused on counseling on healthy ways. Methods: Intervention st...