Raquel Emanuele de França Mendes

Prediction equations for maximal respiratory pressures of Brazilian adolescents

BACKGROUND The literature emphasizes the need for studies to provide reference values and equations able to predict respiratory muscle strength of Brazilian subjects at different ages and from different regions of Brazil. OBJECTIVES To develop prediction equations for maximal respiratory pressures (MRP) of Brazilian adolescents. METHOD In total, 182 healthy adolescents (98 boys and 84 girls) aged between 12 and 18 years, enrolled in public and private schools in the city of Natal-RN, were evaluated using an MVD300 digital manometer (Globalmed®) according to a standardized protocol. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 17.0 software, with a significance level of 5%. Data normality was verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and descriptive analysis results were expressed as the mean and standard deviation. To verify the correlation between the MRP and the independent variables (age, weight, height and sex), the Pearson correlation test was used. To obtain the prediction equations, stepwise multiple linear regression was used. RESULTS The variables height, weight and sex were correlated to MRP. However, weight and sex explained part of the variability of MRP, and the regression analysis in this study indicated that these variables contributed significantly in predicting maximal inspiratory pressure, and only sex contributed significantly to maximal expiratory pressure. CONCLUSION This study provides reference values and two models of prediction equations for maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures and sets the necessary normal lower limits for the assessment of the respiratory muscle strength of Brazilian adolescents.

Pulmonary function of children with acute leukemia in maintenance phase of chemotherapy

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the pulmonary function of children with acute leukemia. METHODS: Cross-sectional observational analytical study that enrolled 34 children divided into groups A (17 with acute leukemia in the maintenance phase of chemotherapy) and B (17 healthy children). The groups were matched for sex, age and height. Spirometry was measured using a spirometer Microloop Viasys(r) in accordance with American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society guidelines. Maximal respiratory pressures were measured with an MVD300 digital manometer (Globalmed(r)). Maximal inspiratory pressures and maximal expiratory pressures were measured from residual volume and total lung capacity, respectively. RESULTS: Group A showed a significant decrease in maximal inspiratory pressures when compared to group B. No significant difference was found between the spirometric values of the two groups, nor was there any difference between maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure values in group A compared to the lower limit values proposed as reference. CONCLUSION: Children with acute leukemia, myeloid or lymphoid, during the maintenance phase of chemotherapy exhibited unchanged spirometric variables and maximal expiratory pressure; However, there was a decrease in inspiratory muscle strength.

Comparação das pressões respiratórias máximas entre escolares das redes pública e privada

Objective: To compare the values of maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressures (MEP) between students from public and private schools. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study of 144 children from public and private schools. Maximal respiratory pressures were measured with an MVD300 (Globalmed). Student’s t-test was applied to compare average pressures and chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of children who performed or not physical activity. Results: Students from private and public schools showed a mean MIP of 77.0±21.5 and 65.7±18.7cmH 2 O (p=0.002) and MEP of 90.1±22.5 and 79.4±19.0cmH 2 O (p=0.005),OBJETIVO: Comparar los valores obtenidos de las presiones inspiratorias maximas (PImax) y presiones espiratorias maximas (PEmax) entre estudiantes de las redes publica y privada de ensenanza. METODOS: Estudio observacional de tipo descriptivo transversal. Se evaluo a 144 ninos en las dos redes de ensenanza. Las presiones respiratorias maximas fueron medidas con el MVD300 (Gobalmed®). Se aplico la prueba t de Student no pareada para comparar los promedios de las variables y la prueba de chi cuadrado para comparar la frecuencia de ninos que realizaban o no actividad fisica. RESULTADOS: Los alumnos de las escuelas privadas y publicas presentaron, respectivamente, promedio de PImax 77,0±21,5 y 65,7±18,7cmH2O (p=0,002) y PEmax 90,1±22,5 y 79,4±19,0cmH2O (p=0,005). Los muchachos de las escuelas privadas y publicas presentaron promedios de PImax 85,0±20,8 y 74,4±17,1cmH2O (p=0,051) y PEmax 98,5±2,5 y 89,2±16,3cmH2O (p=0,103), respectivamente. Las muchachas de las escuelas privadas y publicas presentaron promedios de PImax 70,0±19,8 y 60,2±17,8cmH2O (p=0,027) y PEmax 82,6±20,0 y 73,2±18,1cmH2O (p=0,035), respectivamente. Un 40% de los alumnos de la red publica y un 95% de los alumnos de la red privada realizaban actividad fisica. Los ninos que realizaban o no actividad fisica presentaron PImax 76,0±20,7 y 63,2±20,0cmH2O (p=0,002) y PEmax 89±21,6 y 77,4±20,5cmH2O (p=0,006), respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La fuerza muscular respiratoria de los alumnos de la red privada fue significativamente superior a la de los alumnos de la red publica, especialmente entre las muchachas, y posiblemente esa diferencia este relacionada a la practica de actividad fisica, observada con mas frecuencia en las escuelas privadas.

Pressões respiratórias máximas de pico e sustentada na avaliação da força muscular respiratória de crianças

OBJECTIVES: to compare peak and sustained values of PImax and PEmax in a sample of schoolaged children. METHODS: a descriptive observational crosssection analysis. 144 healthy boys and girls between the ages of 7 and 11 were evaluated. An anthropometric assessment was performed and measurements of peak and sustained respiratory muscle strength with the use of a digital manometer. The child chose at random what initial respiratory pressure to hold. The measurement of PImax was taken from total lung capacity and the measurement of PEmax from residual volume. Data was analyzed using SPSS 17.0 and was attributed a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: the following findings were produced bythe study: 78.53 ± 22.53 cmH2O for PIpeak and 72.95 ± 21.22 cmH2O and 86.25 ± 21.8 cmH2O for PIsust and PEsust respectively. The values obtained throughpeak respiratory pressures (PIpeak and PEpeak) were significantly higher than the measurements obtained for sustained respiratory pressures (PIsust and PEsust)regardless of gender or age assessment (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: the use of measures in assessing peak maximum respiratory pressure, more easily obtained in clinical practice, may undermine the real measurements of respiratory muscle strength in children between 7 and 11 years of age.

Pressões respiratórias máximas de adolescentes brasileiros com diferentes níveis de atividade física

Introduction: Respiratory muscles strength is influenced by factors such as age, gender and anthropometry. In addition, physical activity may also influence ...

Comparación de las presiones respiratorias máximas entre escolares de las redes pública y privada

Objective: To compare the values of maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressures (MEP) between students from public and private schools. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study of 144 children from public and private schools. Maximal respiratory pressures were measured with an MVD300 (Globalmed). Student’s t-test was applied to compare average pressures and chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of children who performed or not physical activity. Results: Students from private and public schools showed a mean MIP of 77.0±21.5 and 65.7±18.7cmH 2 O (p=0.002) and MEP of 90.1±22.5 and 79.4±19.0cmH 2 O (p=0.005),OBJETIVO: Comparar los valores obtenidos de las presiones inspiratorias maximas (PImax) y presiones espiratorias maximas (PEmax) entre estudiantes de las redes publica y privada de ensenanza. METODOS: Estudio observacional de tipo descriptivo transversal. Se evaluo a 144 ninos en las dos redes de ensenanza. Las presiones respiratorias maximas fueron medidas con el MVD300 (Gobalmed®). Se aplico la prueba t de Student no pareada para comparar los promedios de las variables y la prueba de chi cuadrado para comparar la frecuencia de ninos que realizaban o no actividad fisica. RESULTADOS: Los alumnos de las escuelas privadas y publicas presentaron, respectivamente, promedio de PImax 77,0±21,5 y 65,7±18,7cmH2O (p=0,002) y PEmax 90,1±22,5 y 79,4±19,0cmH2O (p=0,005). Los muchachos de las escuelas privadas y publicas presentaron promedios de PImax 85,0±20,8 y 74,4±17,1cmH2O (p=0,051) y PEmax 98,5±2,5 y 89,2±16,3cmH2O (p=0,103), respectivamente. Las muchachas de las escuelas privadas y publicas presentaron promedios de PImax 70,0±19,8 y 60,2±17,8cmH2O (p=0,027) y PEmax 82,6±20,0 y 73,2±18,1cmH2O (p=0,035), respectivamente. Un 40% de los alumnos de la red publica y un 95% de los alumnos de la red privada realizaban actividad fisica. Los ninos que realizaban o no actividad fisica presentaron PImax 76,0±20,7 y 63,2±20,0cmH2O (p=0,002) y PEmax 89±21,6 y 77,4±20,5cmH2O (p=0,006), respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La fuerza muscular respiratoria de los alumnos de la red privada fue significativamente superior a la de los alumnos de la red publica, especialmente entre las muchachas, y posiblemente esa diferencia este relacionada a la practica de actividad fisica, observada con mas frecuencia en las escuelas privadas.

Comparison of maximal respiratory pressures between schoolchildren from public and private schools

Objective: To compare the values of maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressures (MEP) between students from public and private schools. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study of 144 children from public and private schools. Maximal respiratory pressures were measured with an MVD300 (Globalmed). Student’s t-test was applied to compare average pressures and chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of children who performed or not physical activity. Results: Students from private and public schools showed a mean MIP of 77.0±21.5 and 65.7±18.7cmH 2 O (p=0.002) and MEP of 90.1±22.5 and 79.4±19.0cmH 2 O (p=0.005),OBJETIVO: Comparar los valores obtenidos de las presiones inspiratorias maximas (PImax) y presiones espiratorias maximas (PEmax) entre estudiantes de las redes publica y privada de ensenanza. METODOS: Estudio observacional de tipo descriptivo transversal. Se evaluo a 144 ninos en las dos redes de ensenanza. Las presiones respiratorias maximas fueron medidas con el MVD300 (Gobalmed®). Se aplico la prueba t de Student no pareada para comparar los promedios de las variables y la prueba de chi cuadrado para comparar la frecuencia de ninos que realizaban o no actividad fisica. RESULTADOS: Los alumnos de las escuelas privadas y publicas presentaron, respectivamente, promedio de PImax 77,0±21,5 y 65,7±18,7cmH2O (p=0,002) y PEmax 90,1±22,5 y 79,4±19,0cmH2O (p=0,005). Los muchachos de las escuelas privadas y publicas presentaron promedios de PImax 85,0±20,8 y 74,4±17,1cmH2O (p=0,051) y PEmax 98,5±2,5 y 89,2±16,3cmH2O (p=0,103), respectivamente. Las muchachas de las escuelas privadas y publicas presentaron promedios de PImax 70,0±19,8 y 60,2±17,8cmH2O (p=0,027) y PEmax 82,6±20,0 y 73,2±18,1cmH2O (p=0,035), respectivamente. Un 40% de los alumnos de la red publica y un 95% de los alumnos de la red privada realizaban actividad fisica. Los ninos que realizaban o no actividad fisica presentaron PImax 76,0±20,7 y 63,2±20,0cmH2O (p=0,002) y PEmax 89±21,6 y 77,4±20,5cmH2O (p=0,006), respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La fuerza muscular respiratoria de los alumnos de la red privada fue significativamente superior a la de los alumnos de la red publica, especialmente entre las muchachas, y posiblemente esa diferencia este relacionada a la practica de actividad fisica, observada con mas frecuencia en las escuelas privadas.