Rasha Elshafey

Polysomnography, brain volumetry, and mismatch negativity as early biomarkers of amnestic mild cognitive impairment progression

BackgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a heterogenous disorder in which a proportion of patients follow stationary or regressive courses while others undergo clinical progression to dementia.MethodsThis study was conducted on 60 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (amMCI) and 20 healthy control subjects submitted to baseline Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, one-night polysomnography (PSG), hippocampal/entorhinal cortex (HPC/ERC) MRI volumetry, and auditory mismatch negativity (MMN). Fifty-six amMCI subjects continued the study and underwent follow-up MoCA scale 1xa0year after their baseline evaluation, 17 showed amMCI progression (≥u20093 points decrease in MoCA scale), and 39 had stationary or regressive courses.ResultsProgressive amMCI patients showed reduced sleep efficiency and shortened rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in PSG, decreased HPC/ERC–MRI volumetry and reduced amplitudes with delayed latencies of the MMN evoked potentials.ConclusionsPSG shortened REM sleep, MRI–HPC/ERC volumes reduction, and low amplitude delayed auditory MMN are valuable non-invasive screening predictors of amMCI progression.

Imaging of cherubism: case report and review of the literature

Cherubism is a rare osseous disorder of children and adolescents. Although the radiologic characteristics of cherubism are not pathognomonic, the diagnosis is strongly suggested by bilateral relatively symmetric jaw involvement that is limited to the maxilla and mandible. Imaging typically shows expansile remodeling of the involved bones, thinning of the cortexes, and multilocular radiolucencies with a coarse trabecular pattern. Here, we report one child aged 5 years who underwent clinical, radiologic, genotyping, and histopathological evaluation. The patients′ sex, age, and physical characteristics and clinical-radiological presentation were recorded.