Raul Narciso Carvalho Guedes

Aplicação de ozônio contra Sitophilus zeamais e Tribolium castaneum em milho armazenado

The main goal of this work was to assess the susceptibility of adults of Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the physiological quality of maize grains subjected to ozone treatment in different grain layers. PVC cages 3.0 cm high and 15.0 cm diameter were built with their bottom and cover closed with organza-like cloth; the cages were placed in cylindrical containers of PVC with 20 cm diameters and 100 cm heights and connections for injection and exhaustion of the ozone gas. Insects and maize grains were subjected to a modified atmosphere with 50 mg kg-1 ozone injected at a flow of 8.0 L min-1 through a connection at the bottom of the container (plenum) for different exposure times. Sitophilus zeamais was the most susceptible species regardless of its distribution in the grain mass. The exposure periods required to achieve 95% control of adults of S. zeamais and T. castaneum were 23.76 and 64.19 h respectively, when distributed near the ozone injection; overall the treatments with atmosphere modified by ozone injection at 50 mg kg-1 did not affect the physiological quality of maize grain.

Eficácia biológica de bifentrina aplicado em milho armazenado sob diferentes temperaturas

Considering the high temperatures in the granary ships alongwith the transporting mat, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the influence of the temperature at the moment of spraying on the biological effectiveness of the bifenthrin. For the purpose the insecticide was sprayed on maize grains inside a climatic chamber maintained at the temperatures of 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 oC with relative humidity around 55%. After the spraying and every fifteen days up to 90 days, analyses of the biological effectiveness were made by using insects of the Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). A decreasing tendency of the biological effectiveness of the bifenthrin was observed with the increase of the air temperature at the moment of spraying and with the increased time of maize storage, resulting in a smaller mortality of the insect-pest.