Raymond J. Haka

NEEDLE BEARING AXIAL THRUST STUDY

This paper discusses the mechanics of axial forces generated by needle skew in full complement, continuous rotation needle bearings. Experimental measurements of the axial forces and observed needle skew angles are presented for single and double row bearings. Various mechanisms causing the needles to skew are discussed along with design modifications for eliminating or reducing the axial thrust.

Determination of Efficiency (Torque Related Losses) in Planetary Gearsets: Generalized Theory for Simple and Compound Gearsets

This paper presents the mathematics governing the torque related losses in a planetary gear set. The losses as a function of the Ring to Sun ratio, which element is grounded (Sun, Ring, or Carrier), and whether the system is “Simple” or “Compound” are developed. The paper also develops the mathematics governing the losses in planetary gear sets that are connected together.Copyright