Raymond Massengill

Cinefluorographic analysis of tongue-thrusting

Abstract This report has consisted of a review of the use of cinefluorographic analysis in the detection of tongue-thrusting. One case was presented which included cinefluorographic tracings before and after therapy, as well as a review of pre- and postswallowing patterns as indicated by cinefluorographic tracings. The use of cinefluorographic analysis as a diagnostic aid to go along with other techniques for the diagnosis of tongue-thrusting is presented.

Treatment of mandibular prognathism in cleft palate patients

T he purpose of this article is to outline procedures for diagnosis and treatment of mandibular prognathism in patients with cleft lip and/or palate. Mandibular prognathism is mueh more common in the cleft lip/palate population than in the general population. Its appearance is often due more to the lack of soft-tissue balance than to the bone or skeletal profile relationship. With rare exceptions, however, all clefts are characterized by tissue hypoplasia. A deficiency of soft tissue is sometimes more difficult to demonstrate than a deficiency of hard tissue. We have had little success in treating true mandibular prognathism by orthodontic procedures alone,l? 2 but we have achieved most gratifying results in the orthodontic treatment of mandibular pseudo-prognathism in patients with clefts of the maxilla. In order to provide the most valuable service, the orthodontist should examine a cleft lip/palate infant at birth, in conjunction with the surgical review. The orthodontist and especially the restorative dentist will be treating the patient during and long after the surgical treatment period,

An abnormal speech pattern associated with an orofacial anomaly.

The speech of a 24-year old white female with multiple oralfacial anomalies was studied by articulations testing and connected speech samples. Speech physiological characteristics were investigated by using cinefluorographic analysis. The results of these studies, as well as the unique pattern of compensatory articulatory movements were reviewed.

Judging of Cleft Palate and Normal Neonatal Cries

High fidelity tape recordings were made of the cries of 8 babies with cleft palates and 8 babies with normal palates. Their ages ranged from 3 mo. to 24 mo. The 16 original tapes were recorded on a test tape in a counterbalanced order and were classified by 5 speech clinicians as to whether the cries were those of cleft palate babies. If the clinicians classified a cry as being that of a cleft palate baby, they were also to indicate if the cry was from a unilateral cleft lip/palate baby, a bilateral cleft lip/palate baby, or a baby with a cleft palate and no cleft lip. Spectrograms were also made of each of the 16 cries, with an overlay technique being used for the analysis.

Histidinemia and language development: A case report☆

Abstract A delayed-speech case was present in which the patient, a male with fair skin, blonde hair and blue eyes was given a histidine loading test. The patient was about two and a half when the test was administered. The test yielded results consistent with increased histidine. The patient was not producing any consonant sounds at this age and only limited vowel sounds. At the age of three, the patient was placed on a low histidine diet. After being on the diet for a month another test was administered and the results showed no appreciable level of histidine. During the next few months the patient appeared to develop more interest in producing words and more consonant sounds are now being used. More spontaneous words were produced and his overall language development has improved. He is enrolled in a language development program and his progress has been satisfactory.

Tongue-thrusting patterns and the lower incisors

Abstract In summary, the lingual patterns of three patients have been reviewed. These three patients were referred with a diagnosis of tongue thrusting. When their lingual patterns were compared with those of other patients referred because of tongue thrusting, it was noticed that their patterns were somewhat different. This aspect was reviewed with the aid of cinefluorographic tracings, orthodontic study models, and photographs of the relationship between upper and lower central incisors. Different therapeutic aspects were also discussed.

DOCUMENTATION OF SYNDACTYLY AND TREACHER COLLINS SYNDROME FOR POSSIBLE CONCOMITANT SPEECH DISORDERS

AbstractThe speech characteristics of four syndactylyly patients and five Treacher Collins patients are described. Each patient was given a battery of tests including X-ray analysis, articulation tests, a diadochokinetic rate analysis, to evaluate the speech proficiency and the functioning of the periphreal speech mechanism.Because of the wide range of associated defects, many involving the speech mechanism, often accompanying these two congenital anomalies, this study does indicate that such cases should be seen and studied by the speech pathologist.

A Study of the Velopharyngeal Mechanism in 143 Repaired Cleft Palate Patients during Phonation of the Vowel /i/, the Plosive /p/, and an /s/ Sentence

In the present investigation the vowel /i/, the plosive /p/, and a sentence with four words that start with /s/ were studied from the viewpoint of different aspects of presence or absence of velopharyngeal closure utilizing cinefluorographic analysis. The number of patients obtaining either total velopharyngeal closure or inconsistent velopharyngeal closure as well as those that manifested total velopharyngeal insufficiency are reviewed. The consistency of velopharyngeal closure or lack of closure during each production for each patient is also discussed. These overall results and their importance to research are also reviewed.

Quantitative Comparison of Perception of Nasality and Cinefluorographic Analysis of the Velopharyngeal Mechanism

There is a continuing question in clinical literature about what is meant by the term “nasal speech” and about the measurement of this phenomena. Bzoch (1971) and others (Moll, 1968, and Kantner, 1964) insist upon an operational definition, which includes a listeners general perception of acoustic features of the voice quality. Bzoch also states that velopharyngeal insufficiency alone may not be a determinant of hypernasality. This study investigates the relationship of degree of velopharyngeal gap, as determined by cinefluorographic, to listener judgements of hyper‐ and hyponasality. Two judges rated 30 subjects with a known degree of velopharyngeal gap on a five‐point scale. This allowed the judges to assess the voice quality as +3, severely hypernasal, to −3, severely hyponasal, with a midpoint of 0 for normal. The velopharyngeal gaps were ranked in three categories for comparison; 0 as normal, 1 to 5 mm as moderate hypernasality, and beyond 6 mm as severe hypernasality. The judgments were compared be...

Oral and Nasal Sound Pressure Levels as Related to Hyponasality

A number of studies have been conducted concerning the oral and nasal sound pressure level for individuals judged to be hypernasal. Many of these studies have also dealt with whether the subject lacked or obtained complete velopharyngeal closure. Limited research has been conducted concerning oral and nasal sound pressure levels for individuals judged to be hyponasal. In the present study a probe‐tube microphone arrangement using a graphic level recorder was employed to study the oral and nasal sound pressure levels for patients judged to be hyponasal. The patients in this study were all judged to have rather large tonsils and none had undergone a complete adenoidectomy. The results of this study are reviewed as well as indications for additional research.