Recep Kara

Aflatoxin M1 in buffalo and cow milk in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Potential hazardous human exposure to aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) via consumption of milk and milk products has been demonstrated by many researchers. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of this mycotoxin in buffalo and cow milk samples in the city of Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. For this purpose, 126 buffalo and 124 cow milk samples were collected from dairy farms in Afyonkarahisar province. AFM1 levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Although AFM1 was not detected in cow milk samples, AFM1 was found above the limit of detection (<0.008–0.032 µg/L) in 27% (34 out of 126) of the buffalo milk samples. The results of this study indicated the importance of continuous surveillance of commonly consumed milk or milk product samples for AFM1 contamination in Turkey.

Enterotoxin production by Staphylococcus aureus (A, B, C, D) during the ripening of sucuk (Turkish dry-fermented sausage)

This study was conducted to determine the capability of Staphylococcus aureus to produce toxins in Turkish sucuk. For this purpose, the ability of four different reference strains of S. aureus (i.e., SEA 10652 FDA 196E, SEB 10654 FDA 243, SEC 10655 137, and SED 10656 494) to produce A-, B-, C-, and D-type toxins, respectively, was investigated during the fermentation period of Turkish sucuk by inoculating sucuk batter with these strains at 105 CFU/g level. As a result, no SEA, SEB, and SEC toxins were detected in the A, B, and C groups, respectively, during fermentation. In group D, SED was detected after 24 h and at the 3, 7, and 12 days of ripening. In conclusion, these results indicate that Turkish sucuk may pose an important health risk related to possible contamination with S. aureus (SED) during the production processes.

Determination of Microbiological, Physico-Chemical Properties and Distribution of Lactic Acid Bacteria of Afyon Tulum Cheese

Anahtar kelimeler Peynir Afyon Tulum Peyniri Laktik Asit Bakterileri Ozet Yapilan bu calismada Afyonkarahisar ilinde uretilen Afyon Tulum Peyniri’nin mikrobiyolojik ve fizikokimyasal ozellikleri ile peynirde bulunan laktik asit bakterileri arastirilmistir. Sonuc olarak; toplam aerob mezofilik bakteri, MRS Agarda ureyen Laktik asit bakterileri (LAB), Lactococcus spp., Enterobacteriacea, Koliform, E. coli, Enterokok, Mikrokok/Staphilokok, Maya/Kuf, proteolitik bakteri, lipolitik bakteri ve psikrofilik bakteri bakteri sayilari oratama sirasiyla 6.60, 6.36, 5.72, 2.19, 1.23, 0.65, 2.08, 2.91, 2.75, 2.55, 2.94 ve 3.92 log kob/g olarak tespit edilmistir. Afyon Tulum Peyniri orneklerinde %53,01 Lactobacillus spp., %12.04 Lactococcus spp., %8.43 Leuconostoc spp., %1.20 Pediococcus spp. ve %25.30 Enterococcus spp. izole edilmis. En yuksek oranda %15.66’si Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei, identifiye edilmistir. Fiziko-Kimyasal analizlerde kuru madde (%), Yag (%), Protein (%), Kul (%), Tuz (%), Asitlik (% LA), pH ve aw degerleri sirasiyla ortalama 53.69, 25.68, 22.48, 4.62, 4.02, 0.51, 5.27 ve 0.85 olarak saptanmistir. Sonuc olarak kimyasal analiz bulgularina gore Afyon Tulum Peyniri iyi bir besin kaynagi olarak degerlendirilebilir. Analize alinan Afyon Tulum Peyniri orneklerinin mikrobiyolojik ve fiziko-kimyasal ozellikleri arasinda onemli farkliliklar tespit edilmistir. Bu durum uretiminde tam bir standardizasyonun olmamasindan olabilir. Buna bagli olarak Afyon Tulum Peynirinin uretiminde bir ornekliginin saglanmasi ve kalitesinin arttirilmasi icin uretiminin standart ve hijyenik kosullarda yapilmasi, uretimin modernize edilerek standardizasyon saglanmasi gerekmektedir.

Evaluation of Malathion and Malaoxon Contamination in Buffalo and Cow Milk from Afyonkarahisar Region, Turkey, Using Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry – a Short Report

Abstract Organophosphate (OP) pesticides via consumption of milk and milk products induce hazardous effects on human health. Considering their risk to human health, the determination of organophosphate pesticide levels in dairy products is very important. Until now, there has been limited data available on the occurrence of organophosphate pesticides in dairy products in Turkey. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of malathion and malaoxon residues in commonly consumed buffalo and cow milk products in the city of Afyonkarahisar, Western Turkey. For this purpose, 75 buffalo and 75 cow milk samples were collected from the city. Malathion and malaoxon levels were determined by means of liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. In the study, neither malathion nor malaoxan was detected in buffalo and cow milk samples. In conclusion, survey studies were performed continuously for organophosphate pesticide contamination in consumed milk samples and products in Turkey.

Applications of Cold Plasma in Meat and Meat Products

Et ve et urunlerinin dayanikliliginin arttirilmasi icin bircok yontem kullanilmaktadir. Et endustrisinde yaygin olarak kullanilan pisirme, haslama ve sogutma gibi isil islemler, ette bazi degisikliklere neden olabilmektedir. Bu isil islemlere alternatif olarak isil olmayan teknolojiler ortaya cikmistir. Bu teknolojiler arasinda, tat, koku ve yapida onemli degisikliklere neden olmayan, cevre dostu olan ve proseste toksik maddelerin kullanilmadigi soguk plazma teknolojisi on plana cikmaktadir. Radyo frekansi ve dielektrik (yalitkan) bariyer bosaltici gibi plazma sistemlerinden elde edilen soguk plazma, et ve et urunlerinde mikrobiyolojik bozulmaya neden olan mikroorganizmalarin inaktivasyonunda kullanilabilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amaci, bircok gida urununde denemeleri yapilan soguk plazma teknolojisinin et ve et urunlerindeki uygulamalarini inceleyerek, et endustrisindeki uygulanabilirligi hakkinda bilgi vermektir.

Antibacterial Activity of Turkish Endemic Sideritis Akmanii (Lamiaceae)

Antibacterial activity of Sideritis akmanii Z. Aytac, M. Ekici and A. Donmez extracts was investigated by disc diffusion methods against Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Yersinia enterocolitica, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida albicans. Different concentrations of Sideritis akmanii oil posses a significant antibacterial acitivity against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but have no effect on yeasts. This plant can be used as a food additive and traditional medicine. ABSTRACT