Rejane Maria Nunes Mendonça

Métodos de extração de sementes de mangaba visando à qualidade fisiológica

Mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) has the sexual way as the main propagation form. Researches regarding the extraction of its seeds are scarce; however, viability and vigor depend directly on the applied method. The present work had as objective to evaluate physiologic quality of extracted mangaba seeds on three methods, in which one is manual (drizzles) and the other two are mechanical (content removing device and mixer), further the mentioned seeds were submitted to humidity, germination, electric conductivity, first count, seedling emergence and seedlings dry mass tests. Manual extraction provided seeds with a larger physiologic quality and, among mechanical methods; the mixer resulted in viable and vigorous seeds, while the content removing device caused sharp damages.

Compostos bioativos e capacidade antioxidante de frutos de genótipos clones e pés-franco de cajazeira

Yellow mombin is a fruit tree that grows spontaneously in the Semi-Arid Northeastern Brazil. Its fruits are still extractively exploited. The pulp of yellow mombin fruit stands out regarding the commercial aspect due to the characteristic flavor and aroma felt when consumed in diverse ways. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of bioactive compounds, total extractable polyphenols, and antioxidant activity of yellow mombin fruits (Spondias mombin, L.), from clone and ungrafted genotypes. The fruits were harvested at commercial maturity from twelve yellow mombin tree genotypes from an experimental orchard located at the municipality of Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil, and evaluated for chlorophyll, carotenoids, yellow flavonoids, total extractable polyphenols, and antioxidant activity, which was measured by the β-carotene/linoleic acid method. The antioxidant activity showed a percentage of inhibition of oxidation higher than 75% for all genotypes evaluated at the time of 120 minutes. The fruits from clone genotypes showed a higher percentage of antioxidant activity.

Grafting of yellow mombin tree

A necessidade de tecnicas de propagacao assexuada recomendadas para a producao comercial de mudas limita a expansao comercial da cajazeira. Portanto, foi instalado um experimento na Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuaria da Paraiba - EMEPA, com o objetivo de avaliar o melhor metodo de enxertia para a cajazeira. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeticoes, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, estando nas parcelas os metodos de enxertia (garfagem em fenda cheia, ingles simples e fenda lateral) e nas subparcelas os periodos de avaliacao (8 periodos). Cada unidade experimental foi constituida por 12 plantas. As avaliacoes de crescimento, comprimento da brotacao dos enxertos (cm), diâmetro da brotacao do enxerto (mm) e numero de brotacoes por enxerto foram realizadas quinzenalmente, a partir da instalacao do ensaio. O percentual de pegamento dos enxertos foi determinado aos 120 dias apos a realizacao da enxertia. Os dados foram submetidos e interpretados atraves de analise de variância. Os maiores percentuais de pegamento de enxertia na cajazeira foram verificados nos metodos de garfagem a ingles simples e fenda lateral. O crescimento dos enxertos foi mais vigoroso na garfagem ingles simples.

Conservação pós-colheita de mangaba em função da maturação, atmosfera e temperatura de armazenamento

It was evaluated the influence of modified atmosphere (MA) by PVC film and refrigeration on postharvest conservation of mangaba fruits harvested at the maturity stages green (G), yellow pigment initiation (PI), and yellow fruit with light reddish spots (YR) was evaluated. They were stored under refrigeration (10 ± 0.5 °C and 90 ± 2 % RH) and room conditions (23 ± 2 °C and 75 ± 2% RH). The use of MA associated with refrigeration resulted in lower losses of fresh mass allowing the quality maintenance of postharvest fruits during 15 days of storage. The overall visual appearance of the fruits was kept above the acceptance limit in all maturity stages evaluated. Mangaba fruit harvested at the maturity stage green did not develop the characteristic color and presented visible incidence of freezing and chill damage when kept under refrigeration. Fruits harvested at the maturity stage PI, kept under MA and refrigeration, ripened normally and presented better appearance after 15 days of storage when compared with mangaba fruits harvested at the YR maturity stage and kept under similar storage conditions.

Armazenamento de pitangas sob atmosfera modificada e refrigeração: II - qualidade e conservação pós-colheita

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de atmosfera modificada (AM) na conservacao pos-colheita de pitangas colhidas nos estadios de maturacao e inicio da pigmentacao (IP), vermelho-alaranjado (VA) e vermelho predominante (VP) e armazenadas a 10 e a 14 oC (90 ± 1%UR) e condicoes ambientes (23± 2 oC e 85 ± 2%UR). O uso de AM associada a refrigeracao resultou em menores perdas de massa, incidencia de fungo e enrugamento. A AM tambem permitiu um aumento de quatro dias na vida util pos-colheita, mantendo a qualidade acima do limite de aceitacao durante oito dias, para pitangas do estadio VA mantidas sob refrigeracao. Em conjunto, pitangas colhidas no estadio de maturacao vermelho-alaranjado apresentaram melhor potencial de armazenamento, quando mantidas sob atmosfera modificada a 10 oC.

Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity during maturation of strawberry guava fruit

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante de frutos de genotipos de aracazeiros durante a maturacao e identificar as caracteristicas que influenciaram a variabilidade genetica. Os frutos foram colhidos a partir de 15 genotipos de ocorrencia espontânea no municipio de Areia-PB, nos seguintes estadios de maturacao: Totalmente Verde, Inicio de Pigmentacao Amarela, Pigmentacao Amarela Predominante e Totalmente Amarela. Durante a maturacao, o conteudo de acido ascorbico aumentou paralelo a reducao da clorofila total e flavonoides amarelos. A atividade antioxidante aumentou com o avanco da maturacao, sendo a dos genotipos P1, P4, P6, P7, P14 e P15 superior aos demais. A analise de componentes principais mostrou que, durante a maturacao, a variabilidade entre frutos de genotipos de aracazeiros foi relacionada aos conteudos de acido ascorbico e carotenoides.

Garfagem e diâmetro de porta-enxerto na obtenção de mudas de umbuzeiro do acesso Laranja

The objective of this study was to verify the efficiency of different methods of grafting in umbuzeiro, as well as, to observe the behavior of different diameter of stock. The treatments were arranged in a randomized design in factorial 2 x 2 factors, in which the factors were: diameters (0,5-0,7 cm and 0,75-1,0 cm) and grafting (cleft graft and splice graft), using three repetitions, with eight plants per parcel. The percentage of grafting success and growth of shoots were evaluated. The splice grafting showed higher fixation than the cleft grafting. The largest diameter of the stock allowed a higher percentage of grafting and a greater length and diameter of the graft shoots of umbuzeiro.

Enraizamento de estacas de umbuzeiro potencializado pela aplicação de ácido ácido indol-3-butírico (AIB)

The umbu tree is a species of the genus Spondias of big expression in the semiarid region, since it is present in all the Brazilian northeast. However, the lack of a propagation protocol is one of the barriers to commercial cultivation of this species. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the treatment in the matrix plant with zinc in the promotion of rooting of umbu tree cuttings treated with indolebutyric acid (IBA). It was adopted a completely randomized design with nine treatments at levels determined by the matrix “Central Box Compound” for zinc concentrations (0, 5.8, 20, 34.2 and 40 mg L-1) and combinations with concentrations of AIB (0; 872.35; 3000, 5127.65 and 6000 mg L-1) and four replicates. Each experimental unit consisted of 12 stakes. Treatment of matrix plants with zinc does not affect the development of roots and shoots of umbu tree cuttings. Indolbutyric acid promotes better development and rooting of umbu tree cuttings at the concentration of 6000 mg L-1. However, there is less growth of the aerial part of the cuttings with the use of this vegetal regulator.