Rena Kasimu

Optimised extraction of Erythronium sibiricum bulb polysaccharides and evaluation of their bioactivities

In this study, the extraction of Erythronium sibiricum bulb polysaccharides (ESBP) through hot water decoction was optimised using response surface methodology (RSM) and a three-level, four-factor Box-Behnken design. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: extraction time of 4.28h, extraction temperature of 90°C, ratio of liquid to raw material of 37 mL/g and extraction cycle number of three. The experimental yield (37.25%±0.17%) agreed with the predicted value of the RSM model (37.465%). Preliminary ESBP characterisation was conducted through physicochemical analysis. Biological activity test results showed that ESBP exhibited antioxidant activities and excellent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, indicating its potential as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent.

Anti-platelet aggregation activities of different fractions in leaves of Apocynum venetum L.

UNLABELLED Ethnopharmacological relevance Apocynum venetum: is widely used in Uygur and traditional Chinese medicine. Modern pharmaceutical studies have shown that leaves of A. venetum have effects of liver protection, antidepressant and regulation of blood pressure. However, it is unclear that which components have pharmacological activities. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim was to study chemical constituents of A. venetum and its anti-platelet aggregation activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nephelometery was applied to evaluate anti-platelet aggregation activity of multi-components of A. venetum. Systematic separation components were characterized by HPLC analysis method, and in vitro screening active components by anti-platelet aggregation study. RESULTS Ethyl acetate fraction (L-III) and L-III-4 have better anti-platelet aggregation activity than other fractions. The results indicated that isoquercitrin, hyperoside and other flavonoids have anti-platelet aggregation activity in A. venetum. CONCLUSION Our studies provide basis on the endeavors of screening chemicals with that anti-platelet aggregation activity in leaves of A. venetum.

Chemical composition of the essential oil of Hyssopus cuspidatus from Xinjiang, China

The genus Hyssopus (Labiatae), consisting of about 15 species, is distributed in Central Asia, South Europe, and North Africa. In China, there are only two species, Hyssopus cuspidatus Boiss and H. latilabiatus C. Y. Wu et H. w. Li, all growing in Xinjiang [1]. Both of them have been used as nectar source plants and medicinal plants. In Xinjiang, H. cuspidatus Boriss. has also been used in traditional Uygur medicine in the treatment of cough, asthma, bronchitis, trauma, and rheumatism [2, 3]. As the major Hyssopus resource for medical use in China, there are few reports on the essential oil of Hyssopus cuspidatus previously. We identified a total of 36 compounds in the hydrodistilled essential oil of Hyssopus cuspidatus from Xinjiang, China, with germacrene D (18.67%), hexadecanoic acid (17.53%), germacrene B (15.61%), (+)trans-caryophyllene (8.04%), and (+)spathulenol (4.11%) as the main components (Table 1). Further investigation of Hyssopus cuspidatus essential oil is still needed.

Water-soluble polysaccharide from Erythronium sibiricum bulb: Structural characterisation and immunomodulating activity

A water-soluble polysaccharide named ESBP2-1 was isolated from Erythronium sibiricum bulb through anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. ESBP2-1 is a neutral polysaccharide fraction with an average molecular weight of 9.4×105Da and is composed of glucose, galactose and arabinose in a ratio of 24.3:1.1:1. Methylation analysis, partial hydrolysis and NMR studies revealed that the backbone of ESBP2-1 primarily consists of repeating →1)-α-d-Glcp-(4→ units where the disaccharide side chains of Arap-(1→6)-α-d-Galp-(1→ residue are attached to the O-6 position of Glc. An in vitro assay showed that ESBP2-1 significantly promoted the proliferation and neutral red phagocytosis of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. In addition, ESBP2-1 stimulated the production of secretory molecules (nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-1β) of RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that ESBP2-1 is a potential immunostimulator.

A Novel Method HPLC-DAD Analysis of the Contentsof Moutan Cortexand Paeoniae Radix Alba with Similar Constituents-Monoterpene Glycosides in Guizhi Fuling Wan

A variety of traditional Chinese medical formulations contain two or more herbs from the same genus or family. Although these herbs may have a similar appearance and constituents, they usually have different pharmacodynamic actions. A series of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods are developed to determine one or more compounds for quality control of medicine. As far as we know, no method has been found to determine the real ratio of the two herbs along with the prescription. In this study, we used HPLC-DAD as a way to determine the content of Moutan cortex (M) and Paeoniae radix alba (P) in GuizhiFuling Wan (GZFLW). An effective, accurate and reliable HPLC-DAD method was developed for detecting the content of M and P in GZFLW through the analysis of four monoterpeneglycosides, namely, galloylpaeoniflorin (1), paeoniflorin (2), mudanpioside C (3) and benzoylpaeoniflorin (4). Due to the different UV characteristics of the compounds, the detection wavelength was 270 nm for 1 and 2, while 3 and 4 were monitored at 254 nm and 230 nm, respectively. Four equations were put forward to describe the relationship between content of M as well as P and the four monoterpene glycosides in GZFLW. After validation, all the accuracies of the M and P contents in GZFLW were within 10%. The result showed that the method could be successfully applied to analyze the contents of M and P in GZFLW. Moreover, our method may be more widely used to control the quality of proprietary Chinese medicines, especially for those containing the same genus or family herbs, in industrial GMP production.

New triterpenoids from the latex of Euphorbia resinifera Berg.

Nine novel compounds, six euphane triterpenes, Euphorol A-D (1-4), H (8) and I (9), and three tirucallane triterpenes, Euphorol E-G (5-7) including four nortriterpenes, together with seven known compounds (10-16) have been isolated from the methanol extraction of Euphorbium. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive analyses of their HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR methods. A putative biogenetic relationship to these compounds was proposed. The cytotoxicity of all these isolates against MCF-7, U937 and C6 cancer cell lines was evaluated. Compounds 1-3, 10, 11 and 13-16 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities.

Poly[[[[1-ethyl-6,8-difluoro-7-(3-methyl­piperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro­quinoline-3-carboxyl­ato]cadmium]-μ-benzene-1,4-dicarboxyl­ato] trihydrate]

In the title layered coordination polymer, {[Cd(C17H18F2N3O3)(C8H4O4)]·3H2O}n, the CdII atom exhibits a very distorted CdO6 octahedral geometry defined by one O 3,O 4-bidentate 1-ethyl-6,8-difluoro-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate (lome) ligand, one O,O′-bidentate benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate (bdc) dianion and two O-monodentate bdc dianions. Both the bdc species in the asymmetric unit are completed by crystallographic inversion symmetry. The bridging bdc dianions link the cadmium nodes into a rectangular grid lying parallel to (01). A network of N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds helps to establish the packing.

Microscopic identification and in vitro activity of Agastache rugosa (Fisch. et Mey) from Xinjiang, China

BackgroundAgastache rugosa is well-known as a common traditional Chinese medicine, which have relieving summer-heat, analgesic and antipyretic effects, have long been used as folkloristic remedy in the treatment of several infectious diseases, anti-inflammatory, and for its antibacterial properties. Considering the lack of available data on the morphology, anatomy and in vitro activity of A. rugosa, the goal of the present study was to carry out the microscopic identification of its aerial parts and in vitro activity research as a contribution to the quality control and reasonable utilization involving A. rugosa.MethodsThe present study was (a) to describe the microscopic identification with usual light and scanning electron microtechniques of A. rugosa, collected from Xinjiang Region; (b) based on previous research on the essential oil constituents among different parts of A. rugosa from Xinjiang by GC-MS method, to evaluate its antibacterial effect and cell viabilitity assay.ResultsThe microscopic identification of botanical material showed some typical structure. The essential oils from the dried flower (EOF) and leaves (EOL) of A. rugosa were 0.29% and 0.57% (w/w), respectively. The in vitro antibacterial activities showed strong inhibition against S.aureus, E. coli of EOF; strong inhibition against E. coli of EOL. Based GC-MS analysis, the MTT assay showed a dose and time-dependent increase in damage for gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901.ConclusionsThe results of this work, based on an extensive analytical characterization of the EOF and EOL chemical composition, compared with other origins, showed A. rugosa possessed antibacterial and cytotoxicity properties activities, which need much additional work to open up new biomedical application of these components.