Renato Blat Migliorini

Aplicação de métodos geofísicos para identificar áreas contaminadas por resíduos de um curtume

The main problem on environmental investigations is the determination of contaminated extension area. This work exhibit some results obtained with the geophysical methods applied to locate potentially contaminated areas with tanning residues. The area is located near to the city of Varzea Grande, Mato Grosso State. It was now interdicted and disabled for the residues deposition. The data were acquired from electrical profiles, with inline dipole-dipole array and 4 m spacing electrodes, allowing 5 investigation depths. The data of apparent electric conductivity were acquired in 2 dipole modes (horizontal and vertical coplanar) with intercoil spacing of 10 meters. The 200 MHz unshielded antennas were used to collect GPR data. The station interval to each 0.25 meters and 128 stacks. The areas were classified in Contaminated Area - AC - (sa > 40 mS/m, r 50 ohm.m and low attenuation of GPR). The integrated results allow the contamination maps elaboration, indicating a potentially contaminated area with a preferential NW-SE flux. The geophysics and geological information showed an efficient preliminary analysis in the identification of contaminated areas.

Falta de saneamento básico e as águas subterrâneas em aquífero freático: região do Bairro Pedra Noventa, Cuiabá (MT)

This study aimed to assess the impacts on the bacteriological and chemical quality of groundwater, the water table aquifer in the area Neighborhood Ninety Stone in Cuiaba (MT). For this, we selected 31 wells venly distributed throughout this neighborhood. The analysis results led to the following conclusions: 1 - Chemical parameters studied did not show very high concentrations, although the pH, ammonia, nitrate and phosphate have showed concentrations outside the Permissible Maximum Values for human consumption, required by Ordinance 2.914/2011; probably originate from septic tanks, which are widespread in the region and decomposing organic matter falling in open wells. 2 - Concentration of chemical elements between periods of drought and rain changed in all parameters evaluated. This indicates that there were seasonal fluctuations in quality, with the largest concentrations in the rainy season and lower in the dry season, probably due to leaching processes are more intense than the processes of dilution. 3 - The bacteriological analyzes (total coliforms and Escherichia coli) had concentrations above the Maximum Allowable Values for human consumption, probably due to septic tanks intensely distributed in the region. 4 - Changes in groundwater probably are due to lack of sanitation in the region.

Carta geotécnica do perímetro urbano da Chapada dos Guimarães: subsídios ao plano diretor

The cartographic prediction, characterization, and documentation of geological processes and hazard areas have fundamental importance for land-use regulation and planning, respecting the potentials and limits of the lands. Geotechnical mapping is an effective tool, which provides local authorities with such information, as demonstrated in the elaboration of the geotechnical mapping of the urban area of Chapada dos Guimaraes, in Mato Grosso state, Brazil. The morphopedological approach was used, and it allowed the integrated interpretation of physical components and deductions of water shed operations. It also allowed the boundary identification of areas of relative homogeneity, as far as physical processes, geotechnical attributes, potentialities and restrictions of land use are concerned. Six geotechnical units were defined and characterized. One was favorable for using without restrictions; two others were restricted but subject to control by Civil Engineering works and the remaining three ones presented geological risks associated with mass movement and erosion. The latter was considered non favorable for human occupation, therefore of restricted use, and specific planning conditions.

ESTUDO DA DISPOSIÇÃO FINAL DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS DE CURTUME COMO FONTE DE ALTERAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DAS ÁGUAS SUBTERRÂNEAS

This work aim to study the impacts caused by the disposal of residues from two tanneries localized in the municipalities of Cuiaba and Varzea Grande in Mato Grosso State, particularly on groundwater. In one of the tanneries (tannery 1), the final residue disposal was done over an impermeable blanket inside a trench covered with amianthus tiles while in the other (tannery 2) the residues were disposed directly on the soil covered with the impermeable blanket. To achieve this objective, physical chemical and chemical properties which could indicate alteration of groundwater quality in the areas of final disposal of tannery residues were determined. Groundwater samples were collected in monitoring wells built in those areas. The analysis of the physical chemical and chemical variables allowed the following conclusions: i) the residues disposal in tannery 1 contributed to increase chromium concentrations, pH; electrical conductivity and also total dissolved solids; ii) the residues disposal in tannery 2, contributed to increase the concentrations of chloride, electrical conductivity and as a consequence total dissolved solids. Although the two tanneries are at work for different times (tannery 1 from 2000 and tannery 2 from 1986) using different residues disposal procedures, no significant difference were observed in the alteration of groundwater quality in the two sites.

QUALIDADE DAS ÁGUAS SUBTERRÃNEAS EM ÁREAS DE CEMITÉRIOS.

This research describes the results of physicochemical, chemical and bacterium analyses of two cemeteries in Cuiaba metropolitan aerea: Sao Goncalo and Parque Bom Jesus. The aim of this work is to investigate the environmental impacts on the groundwaters due to the location of cemeteries in urban areas. Periodical water samples were analised from wells implanted in the cemeteries areas. The results of the physicochemical, bacterium and chemical analyses allowed to conclude that: 1. Groundwater in that specific cemeteries do not show high concentrations of nitrogen compound (nitrate, nitrite and ammonia) and metals. 2. The presence of the cemiteries contributed to elevate the electric conductivity in the groundwaters which is probably due to the process of corpse decomposition “necrochorume”, which increases the concentration of dissolved salts in the groundwaters. 3. The cemeteries contribute to elevate the total ion concentrations (total dissolved solids) in the groundwaters, suggesting the “necrochorume” influence to the increase of mineral concentration. 4. The presence of Salmonella in the groundwaters of the two cemeteries was also detected. The data obtained in this study emphasize the danger to human health represented by the contamination of groundwaters in areas of cemeteries.