Renato Motta Neto

O oleo essencial de Lippia gracilis Schauer, Verbenaceae, em ratos diabeticos

The essential oil from Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae) leaves was examined by GC and GC-MS. Fifteen constituents were identified. Carvacrol, p-cymene and γ-terpinene were found to be the major components. In the in vitro study, 5% solution of the Lippia gracilis Schauer oil presented antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from diabetic patients with infected ulcers. The study evaluated the antibacterial activity of the 5% solution of the Lippia gracilis Schauer oil on the experimental model of diabetic adult male albino Wistar rats with leaft pelvic limb infected by Staphylococcus aureus strain. In this experiment, 28 diabetic Wistar rats were used, randomly distributed in four different groups of seven rats, (G1-white; G2-negative control; G3-positive control and G4-test). When comparing group G4 with G3, it was observed that the 5% solution presented a reduced CFU/mL level showing the antibacterial effect of the oil 24 hours after the administration of the inoculum (S .aureus without Lippia gracilis Schauer 108 ±313 versus S.aureus with Lippia gracilis Schauer 13.28±4.03). The results were expressed as mean±S.E.M. One-way analysis of the variance (ANOVA) was used. The differences between the minimum inhibitory concentration in vitro test were determined by the Tukey test (p<0.05). The Newman-Keuls test with level of significance (p<0.05) was used to measure the results in vivo. The findings have shown that 5% solution of the Lippia gracilis Schauer oil presented antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo.

Use of maggot therapy for treating a diabetic foot ulcer colonized by multidrug resistant bacteria in Brazil

This study reports the efficacy of maggot therapy in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer infected with multidrug resistant microorganisms. A 74 year old female patient with diabetes for over 30 years, was treated with maggot therapy using larvae of Chrysomya megacephala. The microbiological samples were collected to evaluate aetiology of the infection. The therapy done for 43 days resulted in a reduction of necrosis and the ulcers retraction of 0.7 cm2 in area. Analysis of the bacteriological swabs revealed the presence of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Further studies need to be done to confirm the role of maggot therapy in wound healing using a large sample and a proper study design.

A case report of a multi-drug resistant bacterial infection in a diabetic patient treated in northeast Brazil

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most critical health conditions around the world, not only in terms of the number of affected people, disability, and premature mortality, but also in regards to the health care costs involved in controlling and treating its complications. Among the most constant ailments the diabetic patient suffers is the diabetic foot, defined as any infection, ulceration, and/or necrosis of deep tissues associated with neurological abnormalities and various degrees of peripheral vascular disease of the lower limbs. Diabetic foot ulcerations have become a major and increasing public health concern and its associated morbidities, impairment of the patients’ quality of life, and the implied costs for management have attracted the attention of numerous health care providers. In this case report, the authors review a unique presentation of a polymicrobial infection of a multi-drug resistant character species formed by oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii and Acinetobacter lwoffii.

Frequência e perfil de resistência de Klebsiella spp. em um hospital universitário de Natal/RN durante 10 anos

INTRODUCTION: Klebsiella spp. species can cause several infections, particularly nosocomial ones. Furthermore, its multiple emerging resistance mechanisms have been widely described. OBJECTIVES: To determine the isolation frequency and resistance profile of Klebsiella spp. at a university hospital during a ten-year period as well as to assess the increase in its resistance. Material and method: A retrospective and descriptive study was carried out based on data collected from the record books of the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology of the investigated Hospital from January 1999 to December 2008. RESULTS: The isolation frequency of Klebsiella spp. was 13.4%, predominantly in urine cultures (56.4%). There was a significant increase in resistance to most antimicrobials tested over the analyzed period; 23% of Klebsiella spp. with ESBL phenotype was isolated over this period. DISCUSSION: Multi-resistant Klebsiella spp. isolates from clinical samples as well as its growing trend in resistance mechanisms, including to reserve drugs, are cause for great concern. The implementation of screening and confirmatory methods of bacterial resistance could aid in the diagnosis and treatment of infections caused by this microorganism. CONCLUSION: The increase in resistance to antibiotics reinforces the importance of continuous monitoring, which elucidates local characteristics and allows more suitable control measures.

Glutamine or whey-protein supplementation on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Effects on CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of glutamine (L-Gln) or whey-protein supplementation on CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Thirty-two healthy male Wistar rats were used in the experiment. Eight rats served as baseline controls (G-1). The remaining 24 animals received alloxan 150 mg/Kg intraperitonially dissolved in buffer solution and were equally distributed in 3 subgroups, upon induction of diabetes mellitus, and treated as follows: (G2): saline, 2.0 ml; (G3): glutamine solution (0.7 g/kg), 2.0 ml; and (G4): whey-protein (WPS) solution (0.7 g/kg), 2.0 ml. All solutions were administered by daily 7:00 AM gavages during 30 days. Next, arterial blood samples (3.0 ml) were collected from anesthetized rats for CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte count through flow cytometry technology. RESULTS CD4+ and CD8+ counts decreased significantly in all groups compared with baseline values (G1). G2 rats CD4+/CD8+ ratio decreased significantly compared with G1. CD4+/CD8+ ratio increased significantly (>260%) in L-Gln treated group (G3) compared with saline-treated rats (G2). There were no statistical differences in lymphocyte counts (CD4+ and CD8+) between L-Gln (G3) and saline-treated (G2) groups. There was a significant reduction in CD8+ cell count compared with CD4+ cell count in L-Gln treated rats (G3). CONCLUSION The offer of L-Gln to experimental diabetic rats enhances the immunologic response to infection.

Hiperinfestação por Strongyloides Stercoralis - doi:10.5020/18061230.2006.p118

Strongyloidiasis is predominantly an intestinal helminthiasis caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, being man his definitive host, besides the main source of infection. This report aimed at describing a case of laboratorial identification of Strongyloides stercoralis larvae in the ascetic fluid of a male patient, 49 years old, farmer, alcoholic for over 30 years, sent to Walter Cantidio Universitarian Hospital for being evolving with jaundice episodes associated to an increase in abdominal volume diagnosed as ascitis, vomits, pasty diarrhea and diminished urinary volume. During internment, prophylactic medication for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) was initiated, as well as vitamins repositioning, venous hydration and diuretics, without therapeutic success. As from the findings of presence of S. stercolaris larvae in activity in the ascetic liquid, the set of symptoms was interpreted as disseminated strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised patient by advanced alcoholic hepatopathia. The patient evolved with signs of shock characterized by hypotension and hypothermia, having used vasoactive drugs in a non-responsive way. The symptoms features evolved to death. The authors call attention to the importance of precocious diagnosis and treatment of Strongyloidiasis, mainly in immunocompromised patients.