Renxian Li

Debye series for light scattering by a multilayered sphere

We have derived the formula for the Debye-series decomposition for light scattering by a multilayered sphere. This formulism permits the mechanism of light scattering to be studied. An efficient algorithm is introduced that permits stable calculation for a large sphere with many layers. The formation of triple first-order rainbows by a three-layered sphere and single-order rainbows and the interference of different-order rainbows by a sphere with a gradient refractive index, are then studied by use of the Debye model and Mie calculation. The possibility of taking only one single mode or several modes for each layer is shown to be useful in the study of the scattering characteristics of a multilayered sphere and in the measurement of the sizes and refractive indices of particles.

Debye series for Gaussian beam scattering by a multilayered sphere

The Debye series has been a key tool for the understanding of light scattering features, and it is also a convenient method for understanding and improving the design of optical instruments aimed at optical particle sizing. Gouesbet has derived the Debye series formulation for generalized Lorenz-Mie theory (GLMT). However, the scattering object is a homogeneous sphere, and no numerical result is provided. The Debye series formula for plane-wave scattering by multilayered spheres has been derived before. We have devoted our work to the Debye series of Gaussian beam scattering by multilayered spheres. The integral localized approximation is employed in the calculation of beam-shape coefficients (BSCs) and allows the study of the scattering characteristics of particles illuminated by the strongly focused beams. The formula and code are verified by the comparison with the results produced by GLMT and also by the comparison with the result for the case of plane-wave incidence. The formula is also employed in the simulation of the first rainbow by illuminating the particle with one or several narrow beams.

Debye series of normally incident plane-wave scattering by an infinite multilayered cylinder.

We derive the formula of the Debye-series decomposition for normally incident plane-wave scattering by an infinite multilayered cylinder. A comparison of the scattering diagrams calculated by the Debye series and Mie theory for a graded-index polymer optical fiber is given and the agreement is found to be satisfied. This approach permits us to simulate the rainbow intensity distribution of any single order and the interference of several orders, which is of good use to the study of the scattering characteristics of an inhomogeneous cylinder and to the measurement of the refractive index profile of an inhomogeneous cylinder.

Debye series analysis of radiation pressure force exerted on a multilayered sphere

On the basis of generalized Lorenz-Mie theory, the Debye series expansion (DSE) for radiation pressure forces (RPF) exerted on a multilayered sphere induced by focused beams is introduced. The DSE can isolate the contribution of each scattering process to RPF, and give a physical explanation of RPF. Typically, the RPF induced by a Gaussian beam is studied. The DSE is employed to the simulation of RPF corresponding to different scattering processes (diffraction, reflection, refraction, etc.) in detail, and gives the physical mechanism of RPF. The effects of various parameters, such as scattering mode p, beam position, and radius of core for coated spheres, to RPF is researched.

Geometrical-optics approximation of forward scattering by gradient-index spheres.

By means of geometrical optics we present an approximation method for acceleration of the computation of the scattering intensity distribution within a forward angular range (0-60 degrees ) for gradient-index spheres illuminated by a plane wave. The incident angle of reflected light is determined by the scattering angle, thus improving the approximation accuracy. The scattering angle and the optical path length are numerically integrated by a general-purpose integrator. With some special index models, the scattering angle and the optical path length can be expressed by a unique function and the calculation is faster. This method is proved effective for transparent particles with size parameters greater than 50. It fails to give good approximation results at scattering angles whose refractive rays are in the backward direction. For different index models, the geometrical-optics approximation is effective only for forward angles, typically those less than 60 degrees or when the refractive-index difference of a particle is less than a certain value.

Scattering of a high-order Bessel beam by a sphere

The rigorous theory for the scattering of a high-order Bessel beam (HOBB) by a sphere is presented. The Beam Shape Coefficients (BSCs) for HOBB are calculated using Integral Localized Approximation (ILA), and the scattering coefficients are expanded using Debye series (DSE). The far-field scattered intensities are simulated, and the effect of angle of axicon and the order of HOBB on the scattered intensity is studied.

On Characteristics of a Spheroidal Particle by Use of Debye Series

We derive the formula of the Debye series decomposition for axially incident plane wave scattering by a spheroidal particle. The Debye series writes each term of the Mie infinite series as another infinite series, and clarifies the physical origins of many effects that occur in electromagnetic scattering, which is of great importance to the study of characteristics of light scattering. The characteristics of a spheroidal particle can be studied within the framework of physical origin by use of the Debye series.

Characterizations of transparent particle holography in near-field using Debye series

The effects of the individual scattering process on the formations of both the particle hologram and its corresponding reconstructed three-dimensional particle image are investigated using the Debye series. A particle hologram model using the Debye series decomposes the object wave into different scattering modes and thus permits evaluating the effects of the individual scattering process [diffraction, reflection, transmission, refractions with (p-1) internal reflections] on the particle holography quantitatively. In the Gabor inline holography of a transparent droplet, the transmission light causes small discrepancies between the hologram fringes of an opaque particle (diffraction) and a transparent particle near the zero point of the Bessel-like modulation function, eventually giving rise to the glory spot in the center of the reconstructed dark particle image. For off-axis holography, this paper reveals the effects of reflection, particularly total reflection by bubbles, transmission, and refractions with (p-1) internal reflections of the scattered light on the formation and the reconstructed glory spot images of typical forward and backward off-axis holography.

Debye series analysis of radiation pressure force exerted on a spherical particle

Optical trapping is of great practical importance in various fields such as physics, biology and nanofluidics or microfluidics. In order to trap and move particles efficiently, it is necessary to theoretically study the radiation pressure face exerted on the particles firstly. We introduce Debye series expansion (DSE), which can give physical explanation of each scattering process, to analyze radiation pressure force exerted on a spherical particle generated by focused beams. The DSE is employed to the study of radiation pressure force corresponding to single scattering process, and to the research on the effect of various parameters such as beam position and mode p on radiation pressure force.

Fiber-Based Cylindrical Vector Beams and Its Applications to Optical Manipulation

Radiation pressure force (RPF) indeced by a focused laser beam has bean widely utlized for the manipulation of small particles, and has found more and more applications in various fields including physics [1], biology [2], and optofludics [3, 4]. Accurate prediction of optical force exerted on particles enables better understanding of the physical mechanicsm, and is of great help for the design and improvement of optical tweezers.