Reva Tripathi

Domestic violence against pregnant women interviewed at a hospital in New Delhi

This study assessed the prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy and the association of domestic violence with various sociodemographic variables and with sub-optimal pregnancy outcomes. Conducted in a hospital in India a total of 800 women participated in the study. 168 (21%) reported abuse during pregnancy and the remaining 632 constituted the control group. Abuse was more prevalent for women with an unplanned pregnancy inadequate antenatal care and little formal education. The perpetrators were the husband the mother-in-law and other relatives in some cases. In conclusion domestic violence during pregnancy occurs significantly in this hospital population. The unique opportunity of antenatal care should be used for abuse assessment and intervention.

Emergency contraception: Knowledge, attitude, and practices among health care providers in North India

Aims:  The present study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of emergency contraception in health care providers and users in North India.

An Improved Method for High Quality Metagenomics DNA Extraction from Human and Environmental Samples

To explore the natural microbial community of any ecosystems by high-resolution molecular approaches including next generation sequencing, it is extremely important to develop a sensitive and reproducible DNA extraction method that facilitate isolation of microbial DNA of sufficient purity and quantity from culturable and uncultured microbial species living in that environment. Proper lysis of heterogeneous community microbial cells without damaging their genomes is a major challenge. In this study, we have developed an improved method for extraction of community DNA from different environmental and human origin samples. We introduced a combination of physical, chemical and mechanical lysis methods for proper lysis of microbial inhabitants. The community microbial DNA was precipitated by using salt and organic solvent. Both the quality and quantity of isolated DNA was compared with the existing methodologies and the supremacy of our method was confirmed. Maximum recovery of genomic DNA in the absence of substantial amount of impurities made the method convenient for nucleic acid extraction. The nucleic acids obtained using this method are suitable for different downstream applications. This improved method has been named as the THSTI method to depict the Institute where the method was developed.

Intensive care for critically ill obstetric patients

Care of the critically ill pregnant patient is an important aspect of obstetric services delivered in a tertiary care hospital. This study presents a retrospective case record analysis of obstetric patients who required shifting to the Intensive Ž . Care Unit ICU over a 5-year period from September 1993 to August 1998 at Maulana Azad Medical College and associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi. A total of 50 patients were shifted to ICU over the study period, with a total of 26 986 deliveries during this period, the rate of ICU admissions was 1 per 540 deliveries. Of these, 6% were teenage pregnancies, 22% were elderly gravidas, with the majority of 72% in the 20]34-year age group. The indication for ICU admission was shock in 46% of the patients. Hemorrhagic shock was the predominant cause in 28% of the patients, whereas endotoxic shock accounted for 16% of the cases. Other causes were hypertensive disŽ . orders of pregnancy 18% , medical disorders

Randomised trial of amnioinfusion during labour with meconium stained amniotic fluid.

Objective To assess the effect of amnioinfusion during labour with meconium stained amniotic fluid on caesarean section rate and perinatal outcome.

Comparison of Human Neonatal and Adult Blood Leukocyte Subset Composition Phenotypes

The human peripheral leukocyte subset composition depends on genotype variation and pre-natal and post-natal environmental influence diversity. We quantified this composition in adults and neonates, and compared the median values and dispersal ranges of various subsets in them. We confirmed higher frequencies of monocytes and regulatory T cells (Tregs), similar frequencies of neutrophils, and lower frequencies of CD8 T cells, NKT cells, B1 B cells and gamma-delta T cells in neonatal umbilical cord blood. Unlike previous reports, we found higher frequencies of eosinophils and B cells, higher CD4:CD8 ratios, lower frequencies of T cells and iNKT cells, and similar frequencies of CD4 T cells and NK cells in neonates. We characterized monocyte subsets and dendritic cell (DC) subsets in far greater detail than previously reported, using recently described surface markers and gating strategies and observed that neonates had lower frequencies of patrolling monocytes and lower myeloid dendritic cell (mDC):plasmacytoid DC (pDC) ratios. Our data contribute to South Asian reference values for these parameters. We found that dispersal ranges differ between different leukocyte subsets, suggesting differential determination of variation. Further, some subsets were more dispersed in adults than in neonates suggesting influences of postnatal sources of variation, while some show the opposite pattern suggesting influences of developmental process variation. Together, these data and analyses provide interesting biological possibilities for future exploration.

Three-dimensional power Doppler imaging in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome

To determine the role of three‐dimensional (3D) power Doppler imaging in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective study in a tertiary care institution of North India

Aim:  The aim of this study was to determine the relevance of universal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the patients attending the antenatal clinic of a tertiary institute of North India.

Comparison of scar thickness measurements using trans-vaginal sonography and MRI in cases of pregnancy with previous caesarean section. Do they correlate with actual scar thickness?

The aim of this study was to evaluate scar thickness in cases of pregnancy with previous caesarean section, by trans-vaginal sonography (TVS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to correlate precision of radiologically-measured scar thickness with actual measurement of scar thickness. A total of 35 pregnant patients with previous caesarean section planned for elective caesarean section, were evaluated prospectively. Their scar thickness was measured by TVS and MRI on the day of elective repeat caesarean section. These measurements were correlated with each other and with scar thickness measured during elective repeat caesarean section by using a caliper. The correlation coefficients between scar thickness measured by TVS and MRI with peroperative evaluation with a caliper, were +0.72 and +0.59, respectively. The study concluded that as MRI is a costlier modality and TVS has better correlation coefficient with actual scar thickness, TVS can be considered to be the better modality for antenatal scar thickness measurement.

Comparison of rapid bedside tests for phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 and fetal fibronectin to predict preterm birth.

To compare the accuracy of rapid bedside tests for phosphorylated insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 1 (phIGFBP‐1) and fetal fibronectin (fFN) to predict preterm delivery among women with threatened preterm labor.