Ricardo Pérez-Luco

Descripción de manifestaciones ansiosas, depresivas y autoconcepto en pacientes obesos mórbidos, sometidos a cirugía bariátrica

Background: There is conflicting evidence about the emotional impact of bariatric surgery among obese individuals. Aim: To evaluate anxiety, depression and self-concept, before and after bariatric surgery among patients with morbid obesity. Material and Methods: Fifteen males and 5 females aged 28 to 61 years with a mean body mass index of 42.6 ± 5 kg/m2, were studied. Grid Technique (TR), Personal Self Evaluation Questionnaire (OQ-45.2) and Anxiety Sate-Trait Inventory (STAI) were applied before and six months after bariatric surgery. Results: After surgery, the scores of self-esteem, well-being, flexibility, attraction, self-acceptance, confidence and guilt improved significantly. STAI and OQ-45.2 anxiety and depressive symptoms assessment were in the normal range before and after surgery. However, after surgery, there was a significant decrease in these sub scales in the OQ-45.2. No significant changes in anxiety measured using the STAI, were observed after surgery. Conclusions: Six months after bariatric surgery, positive changes were found in self-concept, and overall well-being.

Validación del cuestionario de auto-reporte de comportamiento antisocial en adolescentes: CACSA

This paper reports the validation of a rationally built self-report instrument to assess social behavior in Chilean adolescents (CACSA) and presents the findings on social behavior from two samples: school attending adolescents (N=1914) and juvenile offenders (N=264). The questionnaire consists of 56 items, which explore three general behavioral dimensions: Prosocial (CPRO) and Antisocial (CAT) behavior, and Victims of Abuse of Power (VAP); CAT contains six specific dimensions: Crimes (D), Transgressions Against Property (TPRO), Transgressions Against Persons (TPER); Abusive Behavior with Peers (CAP), Substance Abuse (OHD); and Minor Social Transgressions (TSL). The study also includes a social desirability scale and an attitudinal scale. Results revealed the questionnaire has important psychometric strengths, as well as discriminative properties between the school attending adolescents and the juvenile offenders. The importance and reliability of self-report data for building indices of antisocial behavior is discussed, as well as the relationship between prosocial and antisocial behavior among Chilean adolescents.O estudo tem por objetivos apresentar a validacao de um instrumento formulado racionalmente para avaliar, mediante auto-relato, o comportamento social de adolescentes chilenos (CACSA) e descrever o comportamento social de dois grupos: adolescentes escolarizados (N=1914) e adolescentes infratores da lei (N=264). O questionario consiste de 56 itens que exploram tres dimensoes gerais: a) Comportamento Pro-social (CPRO), b) Anti-Social (CAT) c) Vitimas de Abuso de Poder (VAP). CAT contem seis dimensoes especificas: Delitos (D), Transgressoes de Ofensa a Propriedade (TPRO), Transgressoes Contra as Pessoas (TPER), Comportamentos Abusivos entre Pares (CAP), Consumo do Alcool e Drogas (OHD) e Transgressoes Sociais Leves (TSL). O estudo incluiu tambem uma escala de desejabilidade social e outra atitudinal. Os resultados revelam que o instrumento mostra excelentes qualidades psicometricas e capacidade de discriminacao entre os adolescentes escolarizados e os infratores da lei. Discute-se a importância de reconhecer a prevalencia de comportamentos anti-sociais por meio de auto-relato e a relacao entre condutas pro-sociais e anti-sociais em adolescentes chilenos.

Impacto Vital del Paso por un COD en la Adolescencia. la Experiencia de Cuatro Adultos de Temuco

This qualitative study, gathers a retrospective glance in the life of four subjects who,uring their adolescence, spent time at a home for juvenile offenders (COD), due toxa0their troublesome behaviour. The research objective was pursued by using an indepthxa0interview, which allowed for inquiring about which experiences the participants’ considered most relevant in their lives, using as a reference axis the period of their adolescence. The analysis of the data was made by means of a Weighedxa0Hierarchic Content Analysis technique; and its validation, was obtained throughxa0the techniques of Triangulation and Counterchecking. The emergent pattern of resultsxa0from these analyses showed that their passage through the COD was a keynote factxa0in their lives, because they divided their life experiences in a “before”, “during” andxa0“after”, their being there; being of paramount importance at each of these threexa0periods, the bonds they established, first with the family, second with the friendsxa0and “uncles” at the institution, and third with their own family, pairs and friends.xa0These are the relationships the participants refer to as triggering factors for initiatingxa0and/or maintaining their later adaptive or maladaptive behaviour. The depth of thexa0obtained understanding allows us to sustain the hypothesis that a damaged orxa0interfered affective bond during the adolescent period, can possibly becomexa0consolidated as an alteration of bonding embedded in “criminal identity”, if thexa0youngster does not reach “reparation” by means of the support of socially adaptedxa0surrogate significant others.

Validation of a self-report questionnaire addressing antisocial behavior in adolescents: CACSA

This paper reports the validation of a rationally built self-report instrument to assess social behavior in Chilean adolescents (CACSA) and presents the findings on social behavior from two samples: school attending adolescents (N=1914) and juvenile offenders (N=264). The questionnaire consists of 56 items, which explore three general behavioral dimensions: Prosocial (CPRO) and Antisocial (CAT) behavior, and Victims of Abuse of Power (VAP); CAT contains six specific dimensions: Crimes (D), Transgressions Against Property (TPRO), Transgressions Against Persons (TPER); Abusive Behavior with Peers (CAP), Substance Abuse (OHD); and Minor Social Transgressions (TSL). The study also includes a social desirability scale and an attitudinal scale. Results revealed the questionnaire has important psychometric strengths, as well as discriminative properties between the school attending adolescents and the juvenile offenders. The importance and reliability of self-report data for building indices of antisocial behavior is discussed, as well as the relationship between prosocial and antisocial behavior among Chilean adolescents.O estudo tem por objetivos apresentar a validacao de um instrumento formulado racionalmente para avaliar, mediante auto-relato, o comportamento social de adolescentes chilenos (CACSA) e descrever o comportamento social de dois grupos: adolescentes escolarizados (N=1914) e adolescentes infratores da lei (N=264). O questionario consiste de 56 itens que exploram tres dimensoes gerais: a) Comportamento Pro-social (CPRO), b) Anti-Social (CAT) c) Vitimas de Abuso de Poder (VAP). CAT contem seis dimensoes especificas: Delitos (D), Transgressoes de Ofensa a Propriedade (TPRO), Transgressoes Contra as Pessoas (TPER), Comportamentos Abusivos entre Pares (CAP), Consumo do Alcool e Drogas (OHD) e Transgressoes Sociais Leves (TSL). O estudo incluiu tambem uma escala de desejabilidade social e outra atitudinal. Os resultados revelam que o instrumento mostra excelentes qualidades psicometricas e capacidade de discriminacao entre os adolescentes escolarizados e os infratores da lei. Discute-se a importância de reconhecer a prevalencia de comportamentos anti-sociais por meio de auto-relato e a relacao entre condutas pro-sociais e anti-sociais em adolescentes chilenos.

Validação de questionário de auto-relato de comportamento anti-social em adolescentes: CACSA

This paper reports the validation of a rationally built self-report instrument to assess social behavior in Chilean adolescents (CACSA) and presents the findings on social behavior from two samples: school attending adolescents (N=1914) and juvenile offenders (N=264). The questionnaire consists of 56 items, which explore three general behavioral dimensions: Prosocial (CPRO) and Antisocial (CAT) behavior, and Victims of Abuse of Power (VAP); CAT contains six specific dimensions: Crimes (D), Transgressions Against Property (TPRO), Transgressions Against Persons (TPER); Abusive Behavior with Peers (CAP), Substance Abuse (OHD); and Minor Social Transgressions (TSL). The study also includes a social desirability scale and an attitudinal scale. Results revealed the questionnaire has important psychometric strengths, as well as discriminative properties between the school attending adolescents and the juvenile offenders. The importance and reliability of self-report data for building indices of antisocial behavior is discussed, as well as the relationship between prosocial and antisocial behavior among Chilean adolescents.O estudo tem por objetivos apresentar a validacao de um instrumento formulado racionalmente para avaliar, mediante auto-relato, o comportamento social de adolescentes chilenos (CACSA) e descrever o comportamento social de dois grupos: adolescentes escolarizados (N=1914) e adolescentes infratores da lei (N=264). O questionario consiste de 56 itens que exploram tres dimensoes gerais: a) Comportamento Pro-social (CPRO), b) Anti-Social (CAT) c) Vitimas de Abuso de Poder (VAP). CAT contem seis dimensoes especificas: Delitos (D), Transgressoes de Ofensa a Propriedade (TPRO), Transgressoes Contra as Pessoas (TPER), Comportamentos Abusivos entre Pares (CAP), Consumo do Alcool e Drogas (OHD) e Transgressoes Sociais Leves (TSL). O estudo incluiu tambem uma escala de desejabilidade social e outra atitudinal. Os resultados revelam que o instrumento mostra excelentes qualidades psicometricas e capacidade de discriminacao entre os adolescentes escolarizados e os infratores da lei. Discute-se a importância de reconhecer a prevalencia de comportamentos anti-sociais por meio de auto-relato e a relacao entre condutas pro-sociais e anti-sociais em adolescentes chilenos.