Richard A. Kass

The latent structure of the need satisfying properties of leisure activities.

ABSTRACTThe need-satisfying characteristics of 10 popular leisure activities were examined by two independent factor analyses. The total domain of 45 need satisfiers was subjected to Raos canonica...

Factorial Validity of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB), Forms 8, 9 and 10: 1981 Army Applicant Sample

The purpose of this paper was to examine the factor structure of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB), Forms 8, 9, and 10. This standardized multiple cognitive abilities battery is the primary selection and classification instrument used by all military services. It consists of eight power and two speed tests. In this investigation the ASVAB 8/9/10 factor structure was compared with that observed for previous samples and for previous forms of the ASVAB. The similarity of factor structure for racial/ethnic and sex subgroups was examined for the purpose of establishing the possible invariance of ASVAB factorial validity across groups. A factor analysis of a sample of 98,689 male and female Army applicants yielded four orthogonal factors accounting for 93% of the total variance: Verbal Ability, Speeded Performance, Quantitative Ability, and Technical Knowledge. Factor analyses of male, female, white, black, and Hispanic subgroups yielded similar results. These analyses provided evidence of the replicability of ability constructs across diverse samples.

Reliability and Concurrent Validity of the Recreation Experience Preference Scales

Two procedures for scoring the Recreation Experience Preference scales were investigated from using data obtained from respondents engaged in outdoor recreational activities in Pennsylvania (N = 463) and Michigan (N = 1531). Both scoring procedures were judged to yield acceptable levels of reliability and concurrent validity. In field situations where there is less time to question respondents, the briefer domain scoring strategy is preferred. When respondent time is not an issue, the scale score strategy is recommended.

Discriminant Validity of the Leisure Activity Questionnaire and the Paragraphs About Leisure

The Leisure Activity Questionnaire (LAQ) was administered to a developmental sample of 418 undergraduate college students and to a cross-validation sample of 209 students. The Paragraphs About Leisure (PAL) questionnaire, an alternative form of the LAQ, was administered to a second cross-validation sample of 215 students. Subsequent to the completion of a discriminant function analysis, the hit rates obtained in the two cross-validation samples were determined. It was concluded that the use of the PAL with results reported in terms of factor scores is the most valid and parsimonious measurement strategy of those investigated.