Richard A. Symonds

Combustion Aspects of Application of Hydrogen and Natural Gas Fuel Mixtures to MS9001E DLN-1 Gas Turbines at Elsta Plant, Terneuzen, The Netherlands

Elsta B.V. Co., C.V., requested that the General Electric Company and Turbotecnica/Nuovo Pignone propose expanding fuels flexibility for the three MS9001E, DLN-1 (TM) units (being) installed at Terneuzen, The Netherlands. The major challenge was the use of a process gas rich in hydrogen for mixing with normal plant natural gas fuel supply so that molecular hydrogen in the mixture reached 10 percent by volume. Evaluation of the gas turbine combustor operation, based on the criteria of emissions, stability and turndown, required extensive testing, first at the General Electric Corporate Research and Development Center, then at the Schenectady (Building 262) Combustion Laboratory, a full pressure combustor test facility, and finally at Terneuzen with the gas turbines and plant owner’s fuel mixing and forwarding systems. Results of this field testing, built upon the earlier work, are detailed below.© 1998 ASME

Unburned Hydrocarbon, Volatile Organic Compound, and Aldehyde Emissions From General Electric Heavy-Duty Gas Turbines

Field data clearly show that the emissions of UHC, VOC, (sometimes also called Reactive Organic Gases), and Aldehydes from GE heavy-duty gas turbines are very low. At loads exceeding 75% of base, these emissions are less than 2 ppm. In fact, stack emissions are often less than background concentration. Proper methods of measurement and quality assurance are necessary to detect and measure such low values. Allowance for background hydrocarbons should be made when guaranteeing UHC/VOC.Copyright

Massive Steam Injection on an MS6001B Gas Turbine in Cogeneration Service

A recent field test has completed the qualification of the MS6001B combustion system for operation on gas fuel with steam injection for NOx control to 25 ppmvd. Recently, dry operation on gas fuel at 25 ppmvd has been achieved on the MS6001. To meet the immediate need for running at the 25 ppmvd NOx level, increased steam injection was investigated. Laboratory testing on a single MS6001 combustor indicated the potential for achieving NOx levels as low as 25 ppmvd through the use of steam injection. This paper describes the lab testing and the field test of the MS6001B, and includes data on emissions, steam flow requirements, and dynamic pressure levels. The MS6001B is now available at 25 ppmvd NOx with steam injection on gas wherever this level is required. This system provides an easy retrofit to those gas fired, steam injected units where installation of the dry 25 ppmvd NOx system is not immediately feasible.Copyright

Combustion System Performance of a Water Injected MS7001E Gas Turbine Operating at a NOx Emission Level of 25 PPMVD

This paper presents the results of emissions testing and combustion system dynamics testing of a “Quiet Combustor” equipped MS7001E gas turbine at the Midway Sunset Cogeneration Company in Fellows, California. Water injection is used to control NOx emissions to 25 ppmvd without selective catalytic reduction. Test results include NOx, CO, unburned hydrocarbons, VOC, and formaldehyde emissions levels, and combustor dynamic pressure levels. Combustion system hardware mechanical performance is described following the initial combustion system inspection.© 1990 ASME