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Featured researches published by Richard Hotz.


Annals of Internal Medicine | 1940

THE DETERMINATION OF BILIARY TRACT INFECTION WITH THE ENCAPSULATED DUODENAL TUBE

John Russell Twiss; R.Franklin Carter; Richard Hotz

Excerpt That it is now possible to determine biliary tract infection with considerable accuracy, without operation, has been proved by the correlated pre-operative and operative bacteriological fin...


American Journal of Surgery | 1939

Pancreatitis and biliary tract disease

R.Franklin Carter; Richard Hotz

Abstract Fifty-three cases of chronic and acute pancreatitis on whom biliary tract surgery was performed have been discussed. Biliary tract disease was present in all but six of these. Common duct stone was found in 66 per cent of those with biliary tract disease and chronic pancreatitis and in 78 per cent of those with acute pancreatitis. The surgical treatment, in the vast majority of cases, involved a drainage of the common duct as well as a direct attack on the pancreas. The mortality rate in chronic pancreatitis is that inherent in surgery on the biliary tract, and the mortality rate in acute pancreatitis that found in severe peritonitis. Peritonitis was the predominant cause of death in all cases. The prophylaxis of both chronic and acute pancreatitis lies in the early surgical treatment of the preexisting biliary tract infection.


American Journal of Surgery | 1940

The postoperative concentration of bile salts in human bile

Carl H. Greene; R.Franklin Carter; Richard Hotz; J. Russell Twiss

Abstract The postoperative changes in the concentration of bile salts in the bile have been studied in a series of surgical patients following drainage of the common bile duct through a T-tube. When the patient has had no evidence of hepatic disease or the latter is minimal, there is a temporary reduction in the concentration of bile salts in the bile, followed after two to three days by a progressive return to normal levels. This drop is interpreted as due to such factors as the type and duration of anesthesia, the local and constitutional effects of operative trauma, the degree of preoperative biliary obstruction with hydrohepatosis, and the like. The rapidity of the postoperative return toward a normal concentration of the bile salts in the bile and the maximal concentration attained during the period of observation in general are inversely proportional to the degree of hepatic damage. Evidence is presented that such factors as systemic infection, cholangitis, depletion of bile salts from prolonged drainage, and an inadequate supply of carbohydrate will reduce the concentration of bile salts in the bile, presumably as a result of functional as contrasted to structural changes. The multiplicity of factors which apparently affect the functional ability of the liver and so the concentration of bile salts in the bile correspondingly increase the difficulty in determining the factors responsible for the changes in any individual case. Evidence was obtained suggesting that in some instances the common bile duct may concentrate the bile passing through it in the same manner as is done in a normal gall-bladder. The continued failure of the liver to secrete bile salts in the bile is evidence of severe functional disturbance and so of serious prognostic import.


Archives of Surgery | 1939

ETIOLOGY OF GALLSTONES: A CRITICAL SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE AND A STUDY OF THE APPLICABILITY OF VARIOUS THEORIES IN TWO HUNDRED AND THIRTY-NINE OPERATIVE CASES

R.Franklin Carter; Carl H. Greene; J. Russell Twiss; Richard Hotz


JAMA Internal Medicine | 1940

CLINICAL VALUE OF DETERMINATION OF CHOLESTEROL ESTERS OF BLOOD IN HEPATIC DISEASE

Carl H. Greene; Richard Hotz; Evelyn Leahy


Archives of Surgery | 1940

ETIOLOGY OF STONE IN THE COMMON BILE DUCT

R.Franklin Carter; Carl H. Greene; J. Russell Twiss; Richard Hotz


American Journal of Surgery | 1939

Acute cholecystitis with discussion of factors in morbidity and mortality

Richard Hotz


American Journal of Surgery | 1939

Surgery of the common duct

Charles Gordon Heyd; Richard Hotz


American Journal of Surgery | 1939

A comparative study of the operative mortality in the various stages of gall-bladder pathology

R.Franklin Carter; Charles Gordon Heyd; Richard Hotz


American Journal of Surgery | 1939

Surgery of the biliary tract

Charles Gordon Heyd; R.Franklin Carter; Richard Hotz

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