Richard J. A. Talbert

Highways, Byways, and Road Systems in the Pre-Modern World

List of Figures and Tables ix Notes on Contributors xiii Series Editor s Preface xvii Preface xix Introduction 1 Susan E. Alcock, John Bodel, and Richard J. A. Talbert 1 Overland Shortcuts for the Transmission of Buddhism 12 Jason Neelis 2 The Power of Highway Networks during China s Classical Era (323 BCE 316 CE): Regulations, Metaphors, Rituals, and Deities 33 Michael Nylan 3 Privatizing the Network: Private Contributions and Road Infrastructure in Late Imperial China (1500 1900) 66 Nanny Kim Appendix: Chinese Quotations and Glossary 84 4 Linking the Realm: The Gokaido Highway Network in Early Modern Japan (1603 1868) 90 Constantine N. Vaporis 5 Obliterated Itineraries: Pueblo Trails, Chaco Roads, and Archaeological Knowledge 106 James E. Snead 6 Roads to Ruins: The Role of Sacbeob in Ancient Maya Society 128 Justine M. Shaw 7 The Chinchaysuyu Road and the Definition of an Inca Imperial Landscape 147 Catherine Julien 8 The Sahara as Highway for Trade and Knowledge 168 Pekka Masonen 9 From the Indus to the Mediterranean: The Administrative Organization and Logistics of the Great Roads of the Achaemenid Empire 185 Pierre Briant 10 The Well-Remembered Path: Roadways and Cultural Memory in Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt 202 Jennifer Gates-Foster 11 Roads, Integration, Connectivity, and Economic Performance in the Roman Empire 222 R. Bruce Hitchner 12 Roads Not Featured: A Roman Failure to Communicate? 235 Richard J. A. Talbert 13 Road Connectivity and the Structure of Ancient Empires: A Case Study from Late Antiquity 255 Michael Maas and Derek Ruths 14 Jews and News: The Interaction of Private and Official Communication-Networks in Jewish History 265 Adam Silverstein Index 276

Mapping (In) the Ancient World@@@Mapping Augustan Rome@@@Formae Urbis antiquae. Le Mappe Marmoree di Roma tra la Repubblica e Settimio Severo@@@Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World

In 102 full-color maps spread over 175 pages, the Barrington Atlas re-creates the entire world of the Greeks and Romans from the British Isles to the Indian subcontinent and deep into North Africa. It spans the territory of more than 75 modern countries. Its large format (13 1/4 x 18 in. or 33.7 x 46.4 cm) has been custom-designed by the leading cartographic supplier, MapQuest.com, Inc., and is unrivaled for range, clarity, and detail. Over 70 experts, aided by an equal number of consultants, have worked from satellite-generated aeronautical charts to return the modern landscape to its ancient appearance, and to mark ancient names and features in accordance with the most up-to-date historical scholarship and archaeological discoveries. Chronologically, the Barrington Atlas spans archaic Greece to the Late Roman Empire, and no more than two standard scales (1:500,000 and 1:1,000,000) are used to represent most regions. Since the 1870s, all attempts to map the classical world comprehensively have failed. The Barrington Atlas has finally achieved that elusive and challenging goal. It began in 1988 at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, under the direction of the distinguished ancient historian Richard Talbert, and has been developed with approximately

Travel and Geography in the Roman Empire (review)

4.5 million in funding support. The resulting Barrington Atlas is a reference work of permanent value. It has an exceptionally broad appeal to everyone worldwide with an interest in the ancient Greeks and Romans, the lands they penetrated, and the peoples and cultures they encountered in Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. Scholars and libraries should find it essential. It is also for students, travelers, lovers of fine cartography, and anyone eager to retrace Alexanders eastward marches, cross the Alps with Hannibal, traverse the Eastern Mediterranean with St. Paul, or ponder the roads, aqueducts, and defense works of the Roman Empire. For the new millennium the Barrington Atlas brings the ancient past back to life in an unforgettably vivid and inspiring way. Map-by-Map Directory A Map-by-Map Directory to the Barrington Atlas is available online (http://press.princeton.edu/B_ATLAS/B_ATLAS.PDF) and in a separate two-volume print edition of close to 1,500 pages. The Directory is designed to provide information about every place or feature in the Barrington Atlas. The section for each map comprises: * a concise text drawing attention to special difficulties in mapping a region, such as extensive landscape change since antiquity, or uneven modern exploration. * a listing of every name and feature on the map, with basic data about the period of occupation, the modern equivalents of ancient placenames, the modern country within which they are located, and brief references to relevant ancient testimony or modern studies. * a bibliography of works cited. The Map-by-Map Directory is an essential accompaniment to the Barrington Atlas. As a uniquely rich, comprehensive, up-to-date distillation of evidence and scholarship, it has no match elsewhere and opens the way to an immense variety of further research initiatives

Rome and the Enemy: Imperial Strategy in the Principate (review)

which it constructs its argument: By the time Chaplin states her conclusions, they have been so thoroughly argued as to seem self-evident. The broad approach does have some limitations. Focusing on exempla across the AUC at the expense of close reading occasionally distracts from the contextual details that make Livian narrative so interesting. For example, it gives more weight to Fabius’ invocation of Cannae as a “grim example to remember” that Hieronymus, boyking of Syracuse, has just in the previous episode used Cannae in a joke meant to insult the Roman envoys. Elsewhere, one catches a glimpse of a potentially fruitful approach not taken. Chapter 3 includes a tantalizingly brief discussion of exempla that seem to have less effect than some other element of persuasion (e.g., Camillus’ exempla-filled speech moves his audience, but what really convinces the Romans to stay in Rome is the omen of the soldier calling out). Since exempla occur most frequently in speeches, examining their invocation among other speech acts that refer to past events (oaths, jokes like that of Hieronymus) would help open discussion to the broader uses of invoked memory. This might include the less obvious ways in which Livy shows exempla asserting their influence. Chaplin finds it curious that no one in the extant books of Livy takes Lucretia as a model of conduct, and thus, “no one ever profits from Lucretia’s experience” (168). But Lucretia does not want to encourage rape victims to commit suicide; she wants to discourage women from making excuses for adultery. That the extant books are not populated with unchaste Roman women evading the consequences of their behavior by crying rape is testimony to her success. Moreover, having erased herself as a precedent for female unchastity, Lucretia becomes a blank slate, as it were, to be reinscribed as an illustration of a tyrant’s lust. Brutus learns from Lucretia, as do the Roman women who mourn him as avenger of chastity in Book 2. But these criticisms by no means take issue with Chaplin’s overall argument. The book makes its points convincingly. It is a welcome contribution that should convince even the most traditionally inclined of Livy’s historical and literary sophistication.

Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World

Atkinson, and others to accept the deductions from these facts can only make one long for the time when a course on logic was a requirement for the doctorate in the Faculty of Philosophy. Baynham provides an excellent literary analysis of the imperial panegyric at 10.9; but as in other recent discussions of the date of Curtius, she tends to rework the same material, without attempting to cast a broader net. Thus the argument for a date under Claudius receives its strongest support from 10.7.11, which might be an echo of the brief attempt to reestablish the republic after the assassination of Caligula (Suetonius Gaius, 60). Baynham makes little effort to establish the political and cultural context for a work like Curtius or to compare his work with Plutarch or to examine his relationship to Arrian. The possibility that Curtius used Arrian remains a topic that Alexander historians are curiously loath to consider (Fears, CP 71 [1976]: 223). The issues that I have raised are not minor; but they also indicate that Baynham has written a thought-provoking book. Despite its flaws, she has provided us with an excellent survey of current approaches to Curtius, which takes an important step in the much needed reassessment of the character and purpose of his History of Alexander.