Rinat Michael

The Contribution of Perceived Parental Support to the Career Self-Efficacy of Deaf, Hard-of-Hearing, and Hearing Adolescents

The current study examined the contribution of different types of parental support to career self-efficacy among 11th and 12th grade students (N = 160): 66 students with hearing loss (23 hard of hearing and 43 deaf) and 94 hearing students. Participants completed the Career-Related Parent Support Scale, the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Self-Efficacy for the Management of Work-Family Conflict questionnaire. Different aspects of parental support predicted different types of career self-efficacies across the 3 groups. Differences among groups were also found when levels of parental support were compared. The deaf group perceived lower levels of parental career-related modeling and verbal encouragement in comparison with the hard-of-hearing students and higher levels of parental emotional support compared with the hearing participants. No significant differences were found among the research groups in career decision-making self-efficacy and self-efficacy in managing work-family conflict. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

Role Salience and Anticipated Work-Family Relations Among Young Adults With and Without Hearing Loss

This study examined the effect of hearing status on role salience and anticipated work–family relations among 101 unmarried young adults aged 20–33 years: 35 with hearing loss (19 hard of hearing and 16 deaf) and 66 hearing. Participants completed the Life Role Salience scale, anticipated conflictual relations scale, anticipated facilitory relations scale, and a background questionnaire. The deaf participants demonstrated a significantly higher level of commitment to work but anticipated the significantly lowest level of conflict. Hearing status was a significant variable in predicting anticipated conflictual relations among all participants. Mode of communication was a significant predictor of conflictual relations among the hearing loss group. Implications for theory and practice were discussed.

Contribution of Family Relationships to the Social–Emotional Functioning of Children of Incarcerated Fathers

ABSTRACT This study examined the contribution of family relationships to the social–emotional functioning of children of incarcerated fathers. College students who mentored 134 children over one academic year completed questionnaires measuring children’s social–emotional functioning, family relationships, and demographic data. In general, children’s affection towards family members was lower than other relationship qualities and antagonism was highest towards their mothers. Conflict towards mothers and siblings, antagonism towards siblings, and affection towards fathers significantly predicted children’s conduct problems. Conflict and antagonism towards mothers significantly predicted children’s low pro-social behavior. Several gender differences were found. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

Cognitive autonomy among adolescents with and without hearing loss: Associations with perceived social support.

Cognitive autonomy is a skill which may help adolescents prepare for important decisions in adulthood. The current study examined the associations between cognitive autonomy and perceived social support among adolescents with and without hearing loss. Participants were 177 students: 55 were deaf and hard of hearing (dhh) and 122 were hearing. They completed the Cognitive Autonomy and Self-Evaluation Inventory, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and a demographic questionnaire. Significant positive correlations were found between some of the cognitive autonomy variables and some of the perceived social support variables. However, among the dhh group, they were fewer and weaker. Family support was found to be a significant predictor of three out of the five cognitive autonomy variables. In addition, significant differences were found between the dhh and hearing participants in some of the cognitive autonomy variables, but not in perceived social support. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

Future Perceptions of U.S. and Israeli Young Male Adults

Future perceptions consist of an individual’s ambition, view of future events, and plan for life domains. Such perceptions can predict and shape a person’s career development and motivate to pursue and achieve goals in different life roles. Research on emerging adults’ perceptions has important implications for career professionals assisting this population. In this study, the authors investigated the future perceptions of 49 U.S. and 39 Israeli emerging adult university males using thematic analysis. Participants’ responses represented an array of topics and were grouped into the following themes: (a) work, (b) family and relationships, (c) education, (d) material and monetary assets, (e) location, (f) leisure, and (g) general quality of life. Results suggested that culture could be important in how emerging adult males envision their future lives and roles. Recommendations for how career educators and counselors can implement the findings in their work with U.S. and Israeli college students are discussed.

Perceived Quality of Life Among Adults With Hearing Loss: Relationships With Amplification Device and Financial Well-Being

The current study explored the relationship between perceived quality of life and financial well-being among adult cochlear implant (CI) users as compared with hearing aid (HA) users. Participants were 66 adults: 30 CI users and 36 HA users. They completed the Perceived Quality of Life for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) scale, the In Charge Financial Distress/Financial Well-Being scale, and a background questionnaire. Significant differences were found between the two study groups in two perceived quality-of-life factors: participation, t(58) = 1.71, p < .05, and perceived stigma, t(58) = −1.80, p < .05. CI users reported higher levels of participation and lower levels of perceived stigma as compared with HA users. In addition, financial well-being was a significant predictor of participation (β = .32, p < .05), and CI users who used their device for a longer time reported higher levels of financial well-being (r = .35, p < .05). Research findings emphasize the possible contribution that both CIs and financial well-being may have on the perceived quality of life of DHH adults. In addition, time since implantation may be an important variable when measuring improvements after cochlear implantation, especially when evaluating long-term processes, such as changes in financial well-being.

Career-Related Parental Support of Adolescents With Hearing Loss: Relationships With Parents' Expectations and Occupational Status

The study examined the contribution of parents’ occupational status and expectations regarding persons with hearing loss to career-related support they provide their deaf and hard of hearing (dhh) adolescent children. Thirty-eight parents completed the Evaluation of Occupational Competence Scale (Weisel & Cinamon, 2005), the Evaluation of Family Competence Scale (Caprara, Regalia, Scabini, Barbaranelli, & Bandura, 2004), the Career-Related Parent Support Scale (Turner, Alliman-Brissett, Lapan, Udipi, & Ergun, 2003), and a background questionnaire. Parents’ occupational expectations were positively correlated with their family expectations regarding deaf persons. Parents’ occupational status contributed to expectations of success for deaf persons in prestigious occupations with high communication demands. Different types of expectations contributed to career-related parental support. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.