Rizwan Hamid

Comparison of the impact on health‐related quality of life of repeated detrusor injections of botulinum toxin in patients with idiopathic or neurogenic detrusor overactivity

Study Type – Therapy (case series)u2028Level of Evidenceu20034

Neuro-urological History and Clinical Examination

As with most medical conditions, a thorough history and examination is key to fully understanding neuro-urological pathology. History taking should be holistic, covering urological, neurological and general complaints. In addition quality of life should be assessed, along with social situation and patient aims and expectations. Red flag symptoms should always be assessed.

Clinical Neuro-urophysiological Investigations

A neuro-urologist’s primary aim is to prevent irreversible renal deterioration. Urodynamic studies remain a key procedure in the risk stratification of patients with neuro-urological complaints; however, there are a number of additional electrodiagnostic investigations available which can add a deeper understanding of lower urinary tract dysfunction. In this chapter, we outline uro-neurophysiological investigations that can be performed in order to better understand patients’ underlying pathology and improve patient management.