Robert B. O’Keefe

Shurchip: a new scab resistant processing Potato variety.

Shurchip is a slightly russeted, round to oblong chipping variety of medium maturity. It is resistaant to common scab (Streptomyces scabies) and tolerant to Fusarium (F. solani var. eumartii) and Verticillium (microsclerotial type) wilts. The vines are susceptible and the tubers are highly susceptible to late blight. In Nebraska, Shurchip is high yielding, moderately high in specific gravity, lower in reducing sugars and of good to excellent chipping quality when compared with the standard varieties Haig, Kennebec and Platte. The yield and specific gravity obtained with Shurchip in the 12 states in the North Central Regional Trials and in Texas and Alabama were equal to or greater than those obtained with the standard chipping varieties in the trials.ResumenShurchip es una variedad lijeramente bermejiza, redonda hasta oblonga apropiada para freir y de maduración media. Es resistente a la roña común (Streptomyces scabies) y tolerante hacia Fusarium (F. solani var. eumartii) y Verticillium (el tipo con microsclerocios). Las matas son susceptibles al tizón tardío y los tubérculos son muy susceptibles al mismo. En Nebraska Shurchip da altos rendimientos, es moderadamente alta en gravedad específica, más baja en azúcares reductores y es de buena calidad para dar papa frita cuando se compara con las variedades normales de Haig, Kennebec y Platte. El rendimiento y la gravedad específica obtenidos con Shurchip en ensayos regionales llevados a cabo en 12 estados del área central norte y en Texas y Alabama fueron iguales o mayores que los obtenidos con las variedades generaalmente usadas para papa frita.

Retailing a new red potato for baking purposes

Nebraska potato breeders have been interested in consumer reaction to a new red skinned variety, grown experimentally in Nebraska and recently released for commercial production. The variety has been named Pioneer and is a selection from the cross of a Minnesota inbred (Minn. 113-1-45) and an early Nebraska red tuber selection (225.43-1). I t has long, pink-red, elliptical to cylindrical type tubers with high dry matter content. I t is midseason as to maturity, with intermediate yields and very good grade quality. Pioneer is considered especially significant as a special purpose potato for baking and French frying, due to the tuber shape, high specific gravity and relatively low reducing sugar content. In order to test consumer reaction to this new variety, it was introduced into the Lincoln, Nebraska market through sales in four large selfservice retail stores during the four-week period between Thanksgiving and Christmas of 1960.

Platte and Hi-Plains, two new scab resistant processing potato varieties

SummaryPlatte is a high yielding, medium to late maturing variety, with round white tubers of medium to high specific gravity. Good chips may be made from this variety before storage and from reconstituted potatoes after 38 to 40 F storage. It is resistant to common scab and Fusarium wilt and tolerant to Verticillium wilt.Hi Plains is a medium to medium-late maturing variety producing moderately high yields of long, white tubers of intermediate specific gravity. Its tubers boil, bake, chip and french fry well. Hi Plains is moderately resistant to common scab and tolerant to Fusarium wilt but susceptible to Verticillium wilt.Under conditions of high temperatures or stress for soil moisture, Platte produces small tubers in chains, and Hi Plains produces rough and irregularly shaped tubers. In trials in the North Central States, Hi Plains was comparable to Irish Cobbler in yield of U.S. ‡1 potatoes and dry matter content. Platte produced high yields of U.S. ‡1 potatoes of intermediate dry matter content. Platte was adapted to the northern fall-crop states, whereas Hi Plains was more widely adapted.Sumario En EspañolPlatte es una variedad de papa de alto rendimiento, mediana o tardiá maduración, con tubérculo de forma redondeado, blanco y de mediano a alto peso específico. Con es ta variedad se hacen buenas papas a la inglesa antes de estar almacenadas y después de reconstituitarse en sequida de almacenaje a 38–40 F. Resistente a loStreptomyces scabies, marchitezFusarium sp. y tolerante aVerticillium albo-atrum.Hi Plains es una variedad de papa de mediana o tardiá maduración con rendimiento moderamente alto de tubérculo grande, blanco de mediano peso especifico. Los tubérculos, se cuecen, hornean, don buenas papas a la inglesa y frien bien. Hi Plains es moderadamente resistente a la Streptomyces scabies, tolerante a marchitezFusarium sp. pero susceptible aVerticillium albo-atrum.En condiciones de elevada temperatura o déficit de humedad en el suelo, Platte produce tubérculos pequeños en cadena y Hi Plains produce tubérculos rugosos e irregulares en forma. En experimentos relizados en los estados del centro norte. Hi Plains fué comparable a Irish Cobbler en producción de papas grado U.S. ‡1 y contenido de materia seca. Platte produjo alto rendimiento en papas grado U.S. ‡1 con contenido intermedio de materia seca. La variedead Platte se adaptó mejor, a los estados del norte con producción de otoño, en tanto que Hi Plains presentó una adaptación más amplia.

Red cloud: A dark red-skinned potato cultivar which holds color in storage

Red Cloud is a midseason potato comparable in maturity to Red LaSoda and later than Red Norland. It is characterized by a thick, dark red skin and white flesh. The red skin coloring holds well in storage, longer than either Red LaSoda or Dark Red Norland. Red Cloud produced above average yields in trials conducted in Nebraska, Colorado, Arizona, and Texas, and in the 14 participating States and Provinces of the North Central Regional Potato (NCR) Trial in 1982. Yields of Red Cloud were higher than Dark Red Norland and lower than Red LaSoda in NE (1989–1991), similar to Red Norland in NE and CO (1977–1982) and to Red LaSoda and Dark Red LaSoda in AZ (1978–1982), and similar to Dark Red Norland and lower than Red LaSoda in TX (1982). Red Cloud tends to have more grade outs due to bulging eyes than the above standards. The specific gravity has been consistently greater than standard and other experimental red cultivars. Red Cloud had fewer tubers with hollow heart or vascular discoloration, and fewer tubers with any internal or external defects than Red Norland and Red Pontiac. It has demonstrated heat tolerance in Arizona. The white flesh has a mealy texture. The primary market for Red Cloud is a fresh table potato for boiling, mashing and baking.CompendioRed Cloud es una papa de media temporada comparable en maduración a Red LaSoda, pero más tardía que Red Norland. Se caracteriza por tener piel gruesa de color rojo oscuro y carne de color bianco. La coloración roja oscura se mantiene muy bien en el almacenamiento, por más tiempo que para Red LaSoda o Dark Red Norland. Red Cloud produjo rendimientos por encima del promedio en ensayos conducidos en Nebraska, Colorado, Arizona y Texas, así como en los 14 Estados y Provincias que participaron en 1982 en el Ensayo Regional Norcentral de Papa (NCR). En NE (1989–1991), los rendimientos de Red Cloud fueron mayores que los de Dark Red Norland y menores que los de Red LaSoda, similares a los de Red Norland en NE y CO (1977–1982) y a los de Red LaSoda y Dark Red LaSoda en AZ (1978–1982), y similares a los de Dark Red LaSoda y menores que los de Red LaSoda en TX (1982). Red Cloud tiende a producir grados inferiores que los estándares indicados anteriormente debido a sus ojos protuberantes. La gravedad específica ha sido consistentemente más alta que la del estándar y otros cultivares rojos experimentales. Red Cloud tuvo menos tubérculos con corazón vacío o decoloración vascular y menos tubérculos con cualquier defecto interno o externo que Red Norland y Red Pontiac. Ha mostrado tolerancia al calor en Arizona. La carne blanca tiene textura harinosa. El mercado principal para Red Cloud es para consumo directo como papa cocida, en puré u horneada.

Potato improvement through parental line breeding—A five year report of the North Central 35 Regional Project, NC-35

SummaryThe NC-35 project has established a unified program designed to develop parents improved genetically for certain important economic characters. Researches have been conducted emphasizing concentration of genes conditioning desired characters, inheritance studies, incorporation of desired characters from IR-1 stocks, and improvement of breeding and testing methods. Though the work is difficult, progress has been made. Twenty-three publications have been reported resulting from researches relating directly or indirectly to the NC-35 project. It is anticipated that more rapid progress will be realized as the use of haploid and other new materials develop.