Robert Currie

State-of-the-Art Techniques and Challenges Ahead for Distributed Generation Planning and Optimization

It is difficult to estimate how much distributed generation (DG) capacity will be connected to distribution systems in the coming years; however, it is certain that increasing penetration levels require robust tools that help assess the capabilities and requirements of the networks in order to produce the best planning and control strategies. The work of this Task Force is focused on the numerous strategies and methods that have been developed in recent years to address DG integration and planning. This paper contains a critical review of the work in this field. Although there have been numerous publications in this area, widespread implementation of the methods has not taken place. The barriers to implementation of the advanced techniques are outlined, highlighting why network operators have been slow to pick up on the research to date. Furthermore, key challenges ahead which remain to be tackled are also described, many of which have come into clear focus with the current drive towards smarter distribution networks.

Actively Managing Wind Farm Power Output

This letter presents the outcomes of a trial of an active network management (ANM) scheme on part of the North-Scotland electricity network. The ANM scheme has as its goal the facilitation of increased connections of distributed generation (DG) from renewable resources on the Orkney Isles. The ANM scheme is the first multigenerator application of ANM at distribution level in the U.K. The ANM scheme is briefly discussed prior to the trial of the ANM scheme being introduced. The implications of the trial for full ANM roll-out are discussed. The results of the trial of the ANM scheme are of direct relevance to those working in the areas of ANM, smart grids, and advanced distribution automation. The results confirm that wind farms can be controlled within the thermal constraints of a distribution network subject to certain operating margin considerations.

Active power flow management solutions for maximising DG connection capacity

The increased connection of distributed and renewable generation to UK distribution networks in line with national targets requires the implementation of new operational management arrangements. The UK renewable resource is abundant; particularly in the north and west of Scotland. These areas are serviced by weaker distribution networks not capable of accepting large generator connections. Within the UK, active management is now emerging as an economically and technically viable alternative to network reinforcement for the connection and operation of distributed or renewable generation. One key component of emerging active management solutions is active power flow management (APFM). This paper summarises ongoing activities in the UK relating to APFM and demonstrate the application of a novel APFM scheme within a multiple generating unit context . It was shown that the implementation of APFM can result in around three times the generation capacity connecting to the distribution network under conventional approaches. Such schemes are crucial to the meeting UK national renewable energy targets in a cost effective manner

Fundamental research challenges for the simulation and modelling of Active Networks

The desire to reduce harmful emissions from electricity production has led to an increase in the connection of renewable energy generation. Active network management (ANM) is one proposed method for allowing additional network connections without reinforcement of electricity networks. This paper presents a case study exploring the initial layers of a modelling and simulation framework for active networks. A second study is presented which highlights specific areas where current power system simulation techniques may fall short when investigating ANM schemes. Finally, several fundamental research challenges that must be met if ANM schemes are to succeed are identified.