Robert E. Krider

Barriers to the advancement of modern food retail formats: theory and measurement

Abstract The recent expansion of global food retailers into emerging economies has made the study of food retail modernization especially relevant at this time. We present a framework to analyze limitations to market share growth of retail formats based on diffusion across consumer segments and by product category. We then propose a measurement approach, based on consumer surveys, that quantifies the impact of these processes on supermarket market share. Food retail modernization is then examined in Hong Kong by this approach for two points in time. In a 1995 diagnostic study, we find that geographic and economic segment diffusion of supermarkets is complete, but that product category-dependent diffusion (specifically perishables) is not. The latter, thereby, becomes the major restriction on supermarket share gain. In 1999, a second study measures the impact of the introduction of superstores, a large modern format, on the perishable restriction to modern format share growth. Consumers perceived superstore perishables to be superior to supermarkets’, but these views had little impact on the ability of modern format to wrest additional share from traditional markets. We discuss diagnostic and monitoring applications, and extensions of the approach to other retail contexts.

Clustering at the Movies

Weekly box office revenues for approximately 100 successful motion pictures are analyzed by use of a finite mixture regression technique to determine if regular sales patterns emerge. Based on an exponential decay model applied to market share data, four clusters of movies, varying in opening strength and decay rate, are found. Characteristics of the clusters and implications for future research are discussed.

Product perishability and multistore grocery shopping

Abstract Perishability, a largely unconsidered characteristic of consumer goods, is shown to play an important role in planned multistore shopping behavior. We present a model of consumers as cost minimizing inventory managers, who choose between two stores differentiated on location and price, and who purchase perishable and nonperishable goods. We show that the interaction between perishability of goods and price differences of stores can be an important driving force for planned multistore shopping. This rationale leads to a set of propositions. One unexpected result is that as the known price difference on a basket of identical goods increases between two stores, shoppers making store choice decisions on the basis of the basket price are more likely to shop regularly at both stores. We present survey results supporting our model’s predictions.

Television Co-Viewing in Mexico: An Assessment on People Meter Data

Television co-viewing is a frequent behavior with important social and economic implications. This study proposes a measure of co-viewing on people meter panel data, tests it on a data set in Mexico, and uses it to explore co-viewing. Individual differences in psychographics, program genres and co-viewing of the lead-in programs were discovered as antecedents to co-viewing. Results indicate as well that co-viewing leads to increased watching time and reduced channel browsing, and this effect interacts with group composition. These findings provide further support for the social uses of television theoretical framework, and shed light on the inheritance effects in continuous programs.

Implementing “Marketing Me” A Simulation Enhanced Variant for a Student Self-Marketing Exercise

The use of student self-branding exercises in introductory marketing courses for undergraduate business programs has been growing in popularity due to a number of advantages for students. This article introduces implementation of the “Marketing Me” variant developed and used since 2013 by the authors, wherein alumni are brought in to engage with students in a simulated networking event context. This article shows results from postexercise surveys of both student and alumni participants indicating that this variant is strongly perceived to achieve two major goals: (a) enhance student understanding of segmentation, targeting, positioning strategies and (b) aid the students’ preparation for the job and career search processes.

Who Decides What to Watch on TV at Home? Insights from People-Meter Data in Mexico: Measuring Co-Viewing and Preference Influences To Help Broadcasters Promote Programming

ABSTRACT How do household members influence one anothers television-viewing behaviors, and how can these behaviors affect new programming? The current study offers a method to separate two different sources of interpersonal influence among television viewers in the same household: what the authors call “social co-viewing” and the intrinsic preferences of another viewer independent of co-viewing. Applying the method to people-meter data from Mexico, the researchers found that, ultimately, wives were more influential than husbands in building audiences. The authors believe their method can be applied to any people-meter data, providing insight for programmers promoting new shows and for advertisers choosing programs to sponsor in the upfront market.