Robert K. Schaeffer

A world-systems reader : new perspectives on gender, urbanism, cultures, indigenous peoples, and ecology

Chapter 1 Introduction: World-Systems Analysis: A Small Sample from a Large Universe Chapter 2 Recent Research in World-Systems Analysis Part 3 From Many Disciplines Chapter 4 Archaeology and World-Systems Theory Chapter 5 Geography & World-Systems Analysis Chapter 6 K-Waves, Leadership Cycles, and Global War: A Non-Hyphenated Approach to World Systems Analysis Chapter 7 Gender and the World-System: Engaging the Feminist Literature on Development Part 8 World-System Overviews Chapter 9 Canadas Linguistic and Ethnic Dynamics in an EvolvingWorld-System Chapter 10 Urbanization in the World-System: A Retrospective and Prospective Look Chapter 11 World-Systems Theory in the Context of Systems Theory: An Overview Chapter 12 Postmodernism Explained Part 13 Gender, Urbanism, Cultures, Indigenous Peoples, and Ecology Chapter 14 Women at Risk: Capitalist Incorporation and Community Transformation on the Cherokee Frontier Chapter 15 Resistance Through Healing among American Indian Women Chapter 16 World-Systems, Frontiers, and Ethnogenesis: Rethinking the Theories Chapter 17 Modern East Asia in World-Systems Analysis Part 18 Future Visions Chapter 19 Spiral of Socialism and Capitalism Chapter 20 World System and Ecosystem

Fast forward : work, gender, and protest in a changing world

Chapter 1 Preface: Looking Back, Moving Forward Part 2 Seeing Global Change Chapter 3 An Introduction to Work, Gender, and Protest Part 4 Worker Households, Businesses, and States Chapter 5 The Meaning of Work Chapter 6 The Changing World of Work Chapter 7 The Redistribution and Reorganization of Work in the Core Chapter 8 The Submerging Periphery Chapter 9 Reverses in the Semi-Periphery Chapter 10 Welfare States Cut Worker Benefits Part 11 The Changing Ground for Working Households Chapter 12 Class Transformations, Households, and the Emergence of Women-Centered Labor Movements Chapter 13 The Degredation of Social and Natural Work Environments Part 14 Change and Protest Chapter 15 Institutional Struggles: Female and Male Workers Challenge Business Chapter 16 Institutional Struggles: Workers Challenge States Chapter 17 Diversifying Struggles: Redefining Work and Society Part 18 Conclusion Chapter 19 Fast Forward

War in the World-System

Series Foreword Preface Introduction War in the Core of the World-System: Testing the Goldstein Thesis The World-System, Militarization, and National Development Core Wars of the Future A Principal-Agent Analysis of the Initiation of War in Absolutist States World War, the Advent of Nuclear Weapons, and Global Expansion of the National Security State Devolution, Partition, and War in the Interstate System Economic Fluctuations, Military Expenditures, and Warfare in International Relations Index

Power to the people : democratization around the world

Introduction The New Interstate System Cold War Superpower Spheres and Dictatorships Oil Crisis and Dictatorship in Southern Europe Debt and Dictatorship in Latin America Democratization in Latin America Growth and Democratization in East Asia Crisis and Reform in the Soviet Union Democratization in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union Debt and Divestment in South Africa Democracy and Development.

Book review: Why America is Not a New Rome

America’s post–Cold War strategic dominance and its pre-recession affluence inspired pundits to make celebratory comparisons to ancient Rome at its most powerful. Now, with America no longer perceived as invulnerable, comparisons are to the bloated, decadent, ineffectual later Empire. In Why America Is Not a New Rome, Vaclav Smil looks at these comparisons in detail, going deeper than the facile analogy-making of talk shows and glossy magazine articles. He finds profound differences. Joel Krupa reviews.

Breaking the Poverty Cycle: The Human Basis for Sustainable Development

In The New Jim Crow, civil rights lawyer and Ohio State University law professor Michelle Alexander examines the legal and social framework that supports the regime of mass incarceration of black men in the United States. As Alexander carefully recounts, beginning in the early 1980s with President Reagan’s declaration of a ‘‘War on Drugs,’’ a number of policy initiatives, Supreme Court decisions, and vested interests, aided and abetted by political divisiveness and public apathy, coalesced to create the social, legal, and political environment that has supported mass incarceration ever since. Alexander’s analysis reveals disturbing parallels between the racial caste systems of slavery, Jim Crow, and today’s mass incarceration of black men in our country. In the end, however, Alexander shies away from proposing a potentially successful strategy for redressing the dilemma she so carefully depicts. Rather, she ‘‘punts,’’ or ‘‘cops out,’’ as we would have said in earlier eras. Alexander begins her analysis with a brief history of the several hundred years of variously oppressive race relations between whites and blacks in the United States. Quite correctly, Alexander observes that this history may be fruitfully understood as a sequence of renascent forms of social control refashioned to the new tenor of the times. Thus, Alexander traces the history of American political rhetoric in the latter half of the twentieth century where ‘‘law and order’’ comes to constitute code for ‘‘the race problem’’ and a policy of malign neglect toward African Americans is transmuted into an active political strategy devised to develop Republican political dominance in the southern states. Ultimately, as we know, the twin themes of crime and welfare propelled Ronald Reagan into the presidency. Searching for a follow-up initiative to define his early presidency, Reagan settled on increased attention to street crime, especially drug law enforcement. In short, the War on Drugs was not some disembodied social agenda, nor was it driven by public demand, as only two percent of Americans believed crime was an important issue at the time. Rather, as Alexander shows, the War on Drugs was a direct outgrowth of race-based politics and therefore the fact that it has had a disproportionate impact on young black men should come as no surprise. Alexander next turns her attention to the interwoven details of the social, legal, and political fabric that wrap the War on Drugs in supportive garb. As Alexander recites, the War on Drugs is the cornerstone on which the current regime of race-based mass incarceration rests because: (a) convictions for drug offenses are the single most important cause of the explosion in incarceration rates since 1980, and (b) black Americans are disproportionately arrested, convicted, and subjected to lengthy sentences for drug offenses when compared to white Americans, even though drug use rates among white Americans have been consistently shown to be higher than for black Americans. Thus, any practices or policies that support the execution of the War on Drugs support the continuation of our movement toward mass incarceration of an entire category of Americans. Among the many developments Alexander reviews, one may note: changes in Supreme Court doctrine with respect to police stops, warrantless searches, consent searches, and suspicionless police sweeps for drug activity; federal initiatives to offer grants to support narcotics task forces; the development and expansion of modern drug forfeiture laws which permitted state and local law enforcement agencies to keep the vast majority of seized cash and assets in drug raids; and the legislative enactment of mandatory minimum and ‘‘three strikes’’ sentencing schemes, and their ready

Secession and Separatism

During the last century, the number of states around the world grew dramatically. In 1900, the world was divided into about 50 states. The ‘imperial’ interstate system was a heterogeneous collection of multinational empires and their colonies, monarchies, dictatorships, and republics, most of the latter located in the Americas. By 2000, the interstate system consisted of more than 190 states, most of them nation-state republics, making it a more homogeneous system than its predecessor. The number of states increased dramatically as a result of several important developments: decolonization, partition, secession, and devolution. These ‘separatist’ political processes contributed first to the breakup of multinational imperial states and then of nation-state republics, and the creation of numerous successor states in their place. In coming years, the number of states in the interstate system will likely increase as a result of partition, secession, and devolution. The breakup of empires helped solve problems associated with the inter-imperial rivalries that led to two world wars in the first half of the century. And the proliferation of states associated with decolonization, partition, and secession has given people around the world the opportunity to practice self-government in states of their own. But these separatist political processes have also been difficult and contentious and sometimes led to conflict and war within and between states.

In Contempt of all Authority: Rural Artisans and Riot in the West of England, 1586-1660

The Journal of British Studies, founded in 1961, is published at the University of Illinois at Chicago Circle under the auspices of the Conference on British Studies. It was the result of the imaginative generosity of a Trinity College alumnus, Frederick E. Hasler (Hon. LL.D. 1957) who contributed funds to the College for the specific purpose of establishing a learned periodical in the field of British history. Several Trinity alumni subsequently contributed to the fund. The University of Illinois at Chicago Circle now supports the publication of the Journal. The Conference on British Studies is a scholarly society affiliated with the American Historical Association and open to anyone in the United States and Canada interested in British civilization in its several aspects: historical, archaeological, literary, artistic, political, and sociological. Its North American constituency comprises about 800 members drawn from the fifty states and the ten provinces. Affiliated with the parent organization are seven regional conferences (New England, Middle Atlantic, South, Midwest, Rocky Mountain, Pacific Coast, and Northwest), each having its own officers, programs, and other activities and with a combined membership of more than 2,000. The Conference convenes at least once a year in the autumn, usually in joint session with one of its regional affiliates. It seeks to encourage the serious study of British institutions and culture among university and college teachers of British history, literature, politics, as well as allied subjects, and among the general reading public through meetings, book prizes, association with likeminded organizations in North America and Britain, and through its publications program.