Robert Manurung

Bioconversion of rubber seed to produce protein and oil rich-biomass employing black soldier fly larvae assisted by microbes

Background: In 1967 a few years after the first working laser was invented, EndreMester in Semmelweis University Budapest, Hungary wanted to find out if laser might cause cancer. He took some mice, shaved the hair off their backs, divided them into two groups and gave a laser treatment with a low powered ruby laser to one group. They did not get cancer and to his surprise the hair on the treated group grew back more quickly than the untreated group. That was how “laser biostimulation” effects were discovered. Purpose of the work: The effects of pulsed monochromatic light, with fixed pulsations and wavelengths, on the healing of pressure ulcers were evaluated in this prospective, randomized, controlled study. Method: A placebo-controlled, double-blind study using low energy photon therapy (LLLT) was performed in ten patients with bedsore on the back. Treatment was given three times a week for 10 weeks, using monochromatic (red) optical sources; diode 660nm (GaAl-660). The patients who were randomized to placebo treatment received sham therapy from an identical-appearing light source from the same delivery system. Results: Ten patients with bedsore were randomized to receive LLLT or placebo therapy. At the conclusion of the study, the percentage of the initial ulcer area remaining unhealed in the LLLT and placebo groups was 24.4% and 84.7%, respectively (P = 0.0008). The decrease in ulcer area (compared to baseline) observed in the LLLT and placebo groups was 193.0 mm2 and 14.7 mm2, respectively (P = 0.0002). One patient dropped out of the study, complaining of lack of treatment efficacy; he was found to be randomized to the placebo group. There were no adverse effects. Conclusions: In this placebo-controlled, double-blind study LLLT was an effective modality for the treatment of bedsore which were resistant to conventional medical management. The results are encouraging as pulsed monochromatic light increased healing rate and shortened healing time. This will positively affect the quality of life in elderly patients with pressure ulcers. 1Head-Biomedical Science and Medical Biotechnology Department, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College andHospital, Dhaka-1207. Bangladesh. 2Dept. of Medical Radiation Physics, Kreiskrankenhaus Gummersbach, Teaching Hospital of the University of Cologne, 51643, Germany. And-Dept. of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Gono Bishwabidyalay (Gono University), Nayarhat, Savar, Dhaka-1344, Bangladesh. 3Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital,Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh. 4Department of Surgery, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh. *Corresponding author Nazrulislam, Head-Biomedical Science And Medical Biotechnology Department, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka-1207. Bangladesh. Submitted: 29 July 2017; Accepted: 07 Aug 2017; Published: 07 Sep 2017E hot and dusty weather and modern inactive life style of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the major contributors in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Now it is a major health problem in the kingdom. The number of people infected with CKD is growing, that is becoming a major challenge for health professionals and on the health care system as well. For improving medical practitioners knowledge and awareness about CKD and the risk factors in Saudi Arabia, we propose an eHealth system for chronic kidney disease that will empowered patients to self-manage the disease at different stage. This eHealth management system will also help them to determine high risk groups and provide early management to delay progression of the disease. It will provide patients with IT tools for monitoring, training and self-management which will improve outcomes in kidney disease. This management system offers innovative solutions to inform, engage, and communicate with individuals with CKD in the Kingdom.T study proposes a method for the estimation of peripheral vascular occlusion (PVO) in diabetic foot using sprott chaos synchronization (SCS) classifier with the wolf pack search (WPS) algorithm. The long-term presence of elevated blood sugar levels commonly results in peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, nephropathy and retinopathy in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with PVO disease have decreased walking capability and life quality in diabetes mellitus and poor peripheral circulation of PVO causes morbidity like infection and amputation of the legs or feet of diabetics. This progressively vascular occlusion is often ignored by the patients and primary care physicians in early stage. Therefore, a reliable method of diagnostic assistance is crucial for early diagnosis and monitoring of PVO and prevention of amputation. Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive technique for detecting blood volume changes in peripheral vascular bed. Literature indicates that the pulse transit time increases and waveform shape changes increase in PPG of the vascular occlusion. PPG pulses of feet gradually become asynchronous due to the different speed of deteriorating patency and collateral circulation in the peripheral arteries. We utilized synchronizing chaotification to compare the bilateral similarity and asymmetry of PPG signals and applied SCS to estimate three degrees of PVO. Among 30 subjects tested, this classification technique could recognize various butterfly motion patterns representing severities successfully including normal condition, lower-degree disease and higher-degree disease. The proposed method has potential for providing diagnostic assistance for PVO of diabetics and other high-risk populations with efficiency and higher accuracy.O compounds (OPs), a group of neurotoxins, are widely used as pesticides and insecticides. They not only pollute the environment but also deteriorate human health. Owing to their destructive effects, these compounds should be strictly regulated and monitored. Therefore, emphasis should be put on developing methods for immediate detection and effective elimination. In our previous study, a novel biosensor utilizing Organophosphorus Hydrolase (OPH) for OPs degradation and detection was proposed. M13 filamentous bacteriophage served as a vector carrying OPH on the surface of its pVIII coat protein via leucine zippers. Moreover, a mild steel-binding peptide was attached on its pIII coat protein for immobilization on mild steel electrode surface. The activity of OPH/ M13 phage/mild steel biosensor was determined via electrochemical analysis and spectrophotometer. To our knowledge, the most important improvement is that the produced phage can be easily recovered by centrifugation rather than labor waste procedure. These results demonstrated the capability of proposed sensor may be useful in further development since both the specificity and activity of genetically engineered M13 phage are better compared to the wild-one.

Factors Affecting Biomass Growth and Production of Essential Oil from Leaf and Flower of Salvia leucantha Cav.

Abstract This study was conducted to investigate factors affecting biomass growth and production of essential oils from leaf and flower of Salvia leucantha Cav. (Mexican Sage). The light intensity (37-151 μmol.m-2s-1), water input (76-152 ml/day), and concentration of salicylic acid (0-0.5 mM) were varied and the biomass growth was recorded. The essential oils contained in the leaf and flower were extracted using a steam-distillation technique. The yield of essential oil both from flower and leaf varied from 1-2.76 % and 0.36-0.8 % on a dry weight basis, respectively. The productivity of essential oil was estimated in the range of 0.57-3.96 kg/ha.year and 2.26-4.36 kg/ha.year for both leaf and flower. The highest estimated productivity of essential oil (4.36 kg/ha.yr) was obtained when Salvia leucantha was cultivated without any shade net (receiving a light intensity of 301 μmol.m-2s-1) with a water input of 152 ml/day (100 % water field capacity) and sprayed with 0.25 mM salicylic acid on the surface of the flower once a week. The essential oil from both leaf and flower contain aristolane (7.31-16.33 %) which may have a potential application as anti-malaria substance.