Roberto Alves Banaco

Tipo de reforçador como variável moduladora dos efeitos da história em humanos

To investigate how the type of reinforcer affects the behavior in FI after different reinforcement histories, university students were exposed to FR or to DRL, that liberated points for pressing a button. Some participants changed points for photocopies (Condition 1), for money (Condition 2), or they just received the points (Condition 3). Subsequently, all students were exposed to FI. FR produced high and constant response rates independently of the type of reinforcer. FI produced high rates for the participants of the Conditions 1 and 2, and low for the participants of the Condition 3. DRL provoked low rates that increased during subsequent FI. The results suggest that so much historical contingencies as present contingencies controlled the participants behavior and that the type of reinforcer can favor responding in high and constant rate under FI after a FR contingency.

Efeitos da História Comportamental e de Instruções sobre a Aquisição e a Resistência à Extinção em um Esquema Múltiplo FR DRL

Para verificar o efeito de diferentes programacoes nas contingencias sobre a diferenciacao das taxas de respostas no multiplo FR-DRL e a resistencia do comportamento a mudanca de contingencia em funcao de instrucoes, distribuiu-se 15 universitarios em tres grupos. Na Fase 1, para o Grupo 1 aumentou-se gradualmente os componentes ate um multiplo FR60-DRL20s; o Grupo 2 foi exposto diretamente ao multiplo FR60-DRL20s; o Grupo 3 foi identico ao Grupo 2, exceto por receberem instrucoes sobre como responder. Na Fase 2 o FR foi ajustado e um multiplo FR n -DRL20s foi mantido ate a estabilidade. Na Fase 3 estava em vigor um multiplo Extincao-Extincao. Comparativamente, o Grupo 3 atingiu os criterios estabelecidos em menos sessoes para adquirir o comportamento, mas foi mais resistente a mudanca no componente anteriormente correlacionado ao DRL.

O estudo do comportamento verbal no Brasil

In the present study a historical review was realized of Brazilian master thesis and doctoral dissertations about verbal behavior, which were based on Skinner proposals (1957/1992) and carried out from 1968 to 2012. The following aspects were analyzed: a) type of work (thesis or dissertation, b) affiliation of the authors, c) advisor, d) line of research (basic, applied, conceptual or historical), e) methodology (descriptive or experimental), and f) research topics. In total, 177 thesis and 53 dissertations related to verbal behavior were identified. The results indicate that the study of verbal behavior in Brazil has been established as a research program and has grown over the years.