Roberto Zaugg

Italiani in Ghana. Storia e antropologia di una migrazione (1900–1946)

consistently under the various governments and across the span of ninety years. Throughout the text, Donati compares and contrasts Italian models and practices with those of western European states to place Italian experiences in broader context. But, the comparative models are not sustained. During World War II, emphasis is on the differences and similarities to Germany. Emphasis on Germany here is particularly striking because Donati mentions only in passing the much-debated Liberal and early Fascist citizenship policies for ethnic Germans in northern borderlands and territories (those incorporated into the state in the 1860s as well as those annexed after WorldWar I). The extended World War II discussion of Italian citizenship appears in the light of an assumed, but not explicit, comparison to the ‘other’ Fascist power, Germany. This contrasts with the treatment of the Italian women’s experience, which is explicitly compared to that of British and French women in the Liberal period and forms a foundation for the discussion of aspects of citizenship on the peninsula throughout. Conclusions relating to women’s continued ‘dependent’ nationality status, effective statelessness, or lack of nationality apply broadly to Europe, not just to women in western European nations. The discussion offers little that is new and indeed seems to ignore the growing literature on the juridical changes to women’s status resulting from international pressure brought by women’s institutions and the Hague Convention of 1931. Implied linkages of the subordinate citizenship status of women to racial policies and the subordinate status extended to Jews in the interwar period seem strained. Donati’s focus is on the Liberal and Fascist periods. Her examination of citizenship during and after World War II is less detailed and more conjectural. Distinctions between the citizenship policies of Salò, the Badoglio government, and Italy’s occupation authorities illustrate the chaotic and confused world of wartime governance. They raise important questions of the limitations of citizenship and citizenship policies in wartime and open the door for further investigation. Donati’s work is a scholar’s book. Its detailed and nuanced analysis offers an important contribution to studies of Italian citizenship, Italian identity and the Italian style of governance.

Von Menschen, die glauben, schreiben und wissen : ausgewählte Aufsätze

Die zentralen Texte des Historikers Kaspar von Greyerz zur Religions- und Wissensgeschichte der Fruhen Neuzeit.