Robin Christian

Do prophylactic antibiotics reduce UTI risk after urodynamic studies

RELEVANCE FOR NURSING Urodynamic studies are used to identify problems of the lower urinary tract. However, the procedures may cause symptomatic UTIs. UTIs can cause dysuria, frequency, pain, hematuria, and fever. If these complications can be prevented with the use of prophylactic antibiotics, patient outcomes after urodynamic studies might improve. However, there are risks involved with the prophylactic use of antibiotics, including adverse effects and bacterial resistance, as well as the question of their cost-effectiveness. A careful balance must be considered when prescribing antibiotics for this purpose.

Effectiveness of intrathecal nicardipine on cerebral vasospasm in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review protocol

REVIEW QUESTION/OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to determine the effectiveness of intrathecal (IT) nicardipine on cerebral vasospasm and its impact on the following outcome measures: mean flow velocities, angiographic and/or clinical vasospasm and infection rates. Specifically, the review question is: What is the effectiveness of IT nicardipine on cerebral vasospasm in adult patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage?

Antidepressants for Treating Depression in Adults with End-stage Kidney Disease with Dialysis

The number of adults receiving dialysis for end stage kidney disease (ESKD) is increasing worldwide. In the United Kingdom, 900 per million patients were receiving dialysis in 2013, with an expected increase of 4% annually (Friedli et al., 2015, October 26). In the United State (US), close to 500,000 patients are receiving dialysis for ESKD (National Kidney Foundation). Patients with ESKD have a lower quality of life, affecting many aspects of their lives, including financial, social, and psychological wellbeing (Ginieri-Coccossis et al., 2008, November 14). Depression is the most common mental disorder in patients with ESKD, the prevalence ranging between 22.8% and 39.3% (King-Wing Ma & Kam-Tao Li, 2016, August 1). Treatment for depression in patients undergoing dialysis may have different adverse events due to poor kidney function and drug clearance (Palmer et al., 2016, January 1). Treatment of depression in the dialysis population is challenging and may include pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies (King-Wing Ma & Kam-Tao Li, 2016, August 1). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the suggested pharmacological treatment of depression in dialysis patients (Palmer et al., 2016, January 1). However, there is little evidence of the safety and efficacy of pharmacological treatment in dialysis patients. A systematic review is needed to identify the adverse events and benefits of antidepressant medication in the population of patients receiving dialysis for ESKD. A systematic review was completed in 2005, and only one research study was identified (Rabindranath et al., 2005, January 1). This systematic review is an update of the 2005 review.

Effectiveness of prophylactic intravenous immunoglobulins in preventing infection in pediatric oncology patients: a systematic review protocol.

REVIEW QUESTION/OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to identify the effectiveness of prophylactic intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) for the prevention of infection in pediatric oncology patients, and to identify which types of patients would benefit from the intervention, such as patients with specific diagnoses or those with previous infections. A further objective of this review is to identify the effectiveness of prophylactic IVIGs on the prevention of diffuse interstitial pneumonitis and mortality in pediatric oncology patients.The review questions are.