Robinson Pacheco

Papel de la clorhexidina en la prevención de las infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud

Health care related infections are one of the most common adverse events among hospitalized patients. These types of infections are related to an increased morbidity, mortality, hospitalization time, and health care related costs. Chlorhexidine has been proven to be useful for preventing health care related infections due to its wide antiseptic spectrum, effectiveness and safety. Different studies have shown evidence about the effectiveness of chlorhexidine in the prevention of infections related to surgical sites, vascular catheter related bloodstream infections, ventilator associated pneumonia, maternal and neonatal infections and other infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Most studies have found superiority of this compound against other antiseptics in the prevention and control of health care related infections.

Co-infección por virus del dengue (DEN-V) y virus Chikungunya (CHIK-V) durante un brote epidémico en Cali, Colombia: Comunicación de un caso fatal

The recent outbreaks of Chikungunya (CHIK-V) virus in endemic areas of dengue (DEN-V) could increase the risk of co-infection. CHIK infection has been considered not severe and with very unusual mortality, however DEN is associated with severe manifestations and increased mortality. Little is known about coinfection. It is possible that co-infection could generate severe cases. We present a case report of co-infection DEN-V -3 and CHIK-V in an elderly patient who developed acute renal failure, dengue shock syndrome (DSS), progresses to multiple organ failure and died. With the recent emergence of CHIK-V in Colombia, the possibility of co-infection with DEN-V should be suspected, especially in severe cases.

Epidemiology of polyomavirus BK (BKV) and the emergent African variant in kidney and bone marrow transplant recipients in the Fundacion Valle del Lili in Cali, Colombia

To describe the epidemiology of BKV and to assess the presence of the African variant in bone marrow and kidney transplant patients who have suspected BKV reactivation. A descriptive study was conducted, using institutional records, at the Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali-Colombia. The overall prevalence of BKV during the study period was 51%. The African variant was identified in 49.4% of samples that were positive for BKV. 50.6% of the samples were found to have the wild strain of BKV. Among BKV positive patients, 57% were kidney transplant recipients and 43% were bone marrow transplant recipients. This is the first epidemiological study describing the African variant of BKV in Colombia.

Frecuencia de aislamientos microbiológicos y perfil de resistencia bacteriana en 13 clínicas y hospitales de alta complejidad en Santiago de Cali - Colombia

Resumen Introduccion La resistencia bacteriana se consolida como una amenaza para los sistemas de salud en el manejo de las enfermedades infecciosas. La vigilancia epidemiologica de la resistencia bacteriana ha demostrado ser una estrategia efectiva para conocer los patrones de susceptibilidad a los antimicrobianos regionales para el desarrollo de medidas de contencion y gestion del uso adecuado de antimicrobianos. Objetivo Describir los aislamientos microbiologicos y perfiles de resistencia a los antimicrobianos de las principales bacterias gram-negativas y gram-positivas en clinicas y hospitales de alta complejidad de Santiago de Cali, Colombia. Metodologia Estudio descriptivo enmarcado en la estrategia de vigilancia epidemiologica de la resistencia bacteriana desarrollado entre el ano 2010 al 2012 en 13 instituciones de alta complejidad. Se recolectaron archivos mensualmente en formato WHONET, se realizaron pruebas de calidad de datos. El analisis fue estratificado por tipos de localizacion hospitalaria, ademas de analisis de tendencia a traves de los 3 anos de seguimiento. Resultados El 65% de los aislamientos son bacterias de la familia enterobacteriaceae y el 11,4% corresponden a Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli presenta hasta un 17% de resistencia a cefalosporinas de 3.a generacion mientras que Klebsiella pneumoniae ha incrementado su perfil de resistencia a carbapenemicos hasta un 2,7% en las UCI; Pseudomonas aeruginosa presenta un perfil MDR de hasta el 21% en UCI y salas de hospitalizacion general. Conclusiones Existen altas prevalencias de resistencia a los antimicrobianos en la region; se requiere fortalecer estrategias de vigilancia, prevencion y control de la resistencia bacteriana en ambientes hospitalarios y de la comunidad.