Rodolfo de Alkmim Moreira Nunes

Prediction of OO2max During Cycle Ergometry Based on Submaximal Ventilatory Indicators

Nunes, RAM, Souza Vale, RG, Simão, R, de Salles, BF, Reis, VM, Silva Novaes, J, Miranda, H, Rhea, MR, and Cunha Medeiros, A. Prediction of &OV0312;O2max during cycle ergometery based on submaximal ventilatory indicators. J Strength Cond Res 23(6): 1745-1751, 2009-There are several equations to predict maximum oxygen consumption (&OV0312;O2max) from ergometric test variables on different ergometers. However, a similar equation using ventilatory thresholds of ergospirometry in a submaximal test on a cycle ergometer is unavailable. The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of &OV0312;O2max prediction models based on indicators of submaximal effort. Accordingly, 4,640 healthy, nonathlete women ages 20 years and older volunteered to be tested on a cycle ergometer using a maximum incremental protocol. The subjects were randomly assigned to 2 groups: group A (estimation) and group B (validation). From the independent variables of weight in kilograms, the second workload threshold (WT2), and heart rate of the second threshold (HRT2), it was possible to build a multiple linear regression model to predict maximal oxygen consumption (&OV0312;O2max = 40.302 - 0.497 [Weight] - 0.001 [HRT2] + 0.239 [WT2] in mL O2/kg/min−1; r = 0.995 and standard error of the estimate [SEE] = 0.68 mL O2/kg/min−1). The cross-validation method was used in group B with group A serving as the basis for building the model and the validation dataset. The results showed that, in healthy nonathlete women, it is possible to predict &OV0312;O2max with a minimum of error (SEE = 1.00%) from submaximal indicators obtained in an incremental test.

Evaluation of strength, agility and aerobic capacity in Brazilian football players

Summary Study aim: To evaluate the levels of strength, agility and the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) between the offensive and defensive teams of football players. Material and methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 20 male Brazilian football players were divided into an offensive group (OG, n = 10, age: 25.50 ± 6.15 years) and a defensive group (DG, n = 10, age: 22.50 ± 5.48 years). We used the dynamometer for back and legs, the shuttle run test, and the Cooper test to evaluate strength, agility and VO2max, respectively. Results: The independent Student t-test showed that the OG was significantly more agile than the DG (p < 0.05). The other variables did not show any statistically significant differences. In the OG there was a strong correlation between agility and VO2max (r = - 0.834, p = 0.003, r2 = 0.70). However, in the DG there was a moderate correlation between the same variables (r = - 0.677, p = 0.031, r2 = 0.46). This shows that the greater the agility is, the higher is the VO2max. There was no correlation between the variables muscle strength and body fat percentage. Conclusions: The study showed that the OG has a better physical condition than the DG.

Original investigation effects of hydrogymnastics on igf-1 and functional autonomy in elderly women

Aging is a multidimensional phenomenon associated with the decline of organic form and function. The gradual and progressive physiological changes inherent to the aging process increase the prevalence of acute and chronic diseases.1,2 Among the alterations, there are deficits of balance, mobility, flexibility and muscular strength3 postural control instabilities that can lead to changes in walking and posture4 endocrine abnormalities such as the reduction of serum levels of anabolic hormones, as the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1)5,6 and changes in body composition, including decreases in muscle and bone masses.7

Determination and comparison of time under tension required to perform 8, 10 and 12-RM loads in the bench press exercise

Summary Study aim: To determine and compare the time under tension (TUT) required to perform 8, 10 and 12 repetition maximum (RM) loads in the bench press exercise. Material and methods: Twenty men (24.17 ± 4.69 years) were selected intentionally and properly. We included in the study physically active individuals, with a weekly frequency of physical activity of at least two days for six months, and excluded individuals with injury or pain that could interfere with the correct execution of the exercise and individuals with positive PAR-Q. The 10-RM test consisted in performing ten consecutive repetitions with maximum overload and the highest speed in bench press exercise on the Smith machine. After 48 h, 10-RM sets were performed with the load obtained in the 10-RM load testing. The TUT in 10-RM was verified through kinematics using the timing technique of the Kinovea software. Results: The RM loads and TUT obtained during the retest session showed normal distribution between subjects. However, no significant differences were found between the loads 8, 10 and 12-RM within and between subjects (p < 0.05). The verified TUT showed a difference from 8 to 10-RM and from 8 to 12-RM, but no significant difference was found between TUT protocols for 10 and 12-RM (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study results enable evaluation of TUT in bench press exercise on the Smith machine for the study sample, allowing, for this group, the prediction and control of training intensity through the TUT.

Brain stimulation used as biofeedback in neuronal activation of the temporal lobe area in autistic children

This study focused upon the functional capacity of mirror neurons in autistic children. 30 individuals, 10 carriers of the autistic syndrome (GCA), 10 with intellectual impairments (GDI), and 10 non-autistics (GCN) had registered eletroencephalogram from the brain area theoretically related to mirror neurons. Data collection procedure occurred prior to brain stimulation and after the stimulation session. During the second session, participants had to alternately process figures evoking neutral, happy, and/or sorrowful feelings. Results proved that, for all groups, the stimulation process in fact produced additional activation in the neural area under study. The level of activation was related to the format of emotional stimuli and the likelihood of boosting such stimuli. Since the increase of activation occurred in a model similar to the one observed for the control group, we may suggest that the difficulty people with autism have at expressing emotions is not due to nonexistence of mirror neurons.

Efeito agudo dos exercícios resistidos sobre o desempenho da amplitude articular

Objective: To compare the effect of different intensities of resistance exercises on joint range-of-motion performance of young male trainees. Methods: After completion of the initial tests (strength and flexibility), the volunteers were randomly assigned into the following experimental conditions: (a) protocol with 100% 1RM strength + flexibility test (G100), (b) protocol with 80% 1RM strength + flexibility test (G80), (c) protocol strength of 60% 1RM + flexibility test (G60), and (d) protocol with 40% 1RM strength + flexibility test (G40). To determine the effects of the four experimental conditions on the dependent variable (joint range-of-motion), a one-way ANOVA was performed. To determine the specific differences the Bonferoni post hoc test was performed. Results: Among all analyzes, the condition G80 was promoted major significant changes on the joint range-of-motion performance. Conclusion: Different intensities of resistance exercise cause significant increases on the joint range-of-motion amplitude performance in young male trainees.