Rohit Tripathi

Energy analysis of partially covered number (N) of photovoltaic thermal-compound parabolic concentrator collectors connected in series at constant collection temperature mode

In present study, study has taken attempt to show the analysis of N-number of photovoltaic thermal (PVT)-compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) water collectors connected in series water collectors under constant collection temperature mode for the point of users demand unlike constant flow rate mode. The performance has been examined for thermal energy, thermal exergy and overall thermal energy of partially covered (N) number of Photovoltaic thermal-compound parabolic concentrator collectors connected in series has been analyzed. Here, the collector of present system is partially covered with 50% of PV module. The thermal modelling has been developed with basic energy balance equation of each component of proposed system. The outlet at Nth of partially covered Photovoltaic thermal (PVT)-compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) collectors has been obtained. The expression of analytical temperature dependent electrical efficiency of proposed system has been derived. The analysis has been carried out for clear day condition in month of January at New Delhi, India. The maximum thermal energy has been found 18.14 kWh per day and electrical energy has been found 1.30 kWh per day with constant outlet collection temperature at 67 °C.

Overall energy and exergy performance of partially covered N-photovoltaic thermal (PVT)-compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) collectors connected in series

In this study; the analysis has been carried for overall thermal gain and equivalent electrical exergy of partially and fully covered N photovoltaic thermal-compound parabolic concentrator connected in series. Here; it is a basically comparative study to find to choose the best system for use for thermal gain and electrical gain. The outlet temperature at Nth collector has been derived. The thermal modelling has been done by considering certain assumption. The electrical efficiency of solar cell has been derived. The annual analysis has been taken for location New Delhi; India and clear day type whether condition. The maximum annual overall thermal energy gain has been obtained 1220.03 kWh which is for partially covered N photovoltaic thermal(PVT)-compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) and maximum annual electrical gain has been found 141.76 kWh in fully covered N PVT-CPC collector. The maximum overall exergy has been obtained 133.62 kWh for N PVT-CPC collector.

Energy performance of partially covered N photovoltaic thermal-compound parabolic concentrator (PVT-CPC) collector for cold climate condition

In the paper, an attempt has taken to analyze the energy of N photovoltaic thermal (PVT)-compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) water collectors connected in series. The analysis has been examined for cold climate condition where high fossil fuels are need to get thermal energy. Two fluids has been considered: (i) water and (ii) air. The comparison has been made with two different fluids on partially covered N photovoltaic thermal-compound parabolic concentrator (PVT-CPC) collector connected in series. Here, the collector of proposed system is partially covered with 25% of PV module. The thermal modelling has been developed with basic energy balance equation of each component of proposed system. The outlet at Nth of partially covered Photovoltaic thermal (PVT)-compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) collectors has been obtained. The expression of analytical temperature dependent electrical efficiency of proposed system has been derived. The analysis has been carried out for clear day condition in month of January at Srinagar, India. The maximum thermal energy has been found 12.92 kWh and 3.72 kWh per day for fluid: water and air respectively and thermal exergy has been found 1.63 kWh and 0.55 kWh per day with eight number of collector.

Annual Energy, Exergy, and Environmental Benefits of N Half Covered Concentrated Photovoltaic Thermal (CPVT) Air Collectors

In current study, the N identical concentrated photovoltaic thermal (PVT) has been designed where a series connection of N collectors has been adopted for higher outlet temperature of fluid. Here, air has been chosen as a fluid for proposed system. The low concentrator or compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) has been also implemented with photovoltaic thermal (PVT) to increase higher input energy or solar radiation to get much higher temperature from PVT. The air flow rate and no. of collector for CPVT (50% covered by PV module) air collector have been optimized for achieving 97 °C of outlet air temperature as eight number of collector (N = 8 at mass flow rate of 0.06 kg/s). The analysis has been carried out for a clear day condition for New Delhi, India. The proposed system has been useful for space heating or drying an object. Here, the net annual overall energy and exergy have been calculated as 1309.42 and 272.75 kWh, respectively. The electrical gain has also been found as 89.97 kWh. The enviroeconomic study also examined CO2 emission per annum is reduced by energy production and earned carbon credits. For present system, the earned carbon credits are as 38.73 and 8.06

Energy analysis of photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) greenhouse under forced mode without load condition

/year on the basis of overall thermal energy and overall exergy, respectively.

Effect of packing factor of photovoltaic module on performance of photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) greenhouse solar dryer

In the present analysis, a photovoltaic (PV) integrated greenhouse system under forced mode developed for biogas heating. Different factors have been assessed for weather condition of IIT, New Delhi, India. Ambient air temperature and radiation data have been measured experimentally. Further, thermal model has been derived for the PV greenhouse and various factor like greenhouse air temperature, solar cell temperature, and outlet air temperature through duct have been evaluated with the help of MATLAB 2013a software. Thermal energy, electrical energy, overall thermal energy, overall thermal efficiency, cell efficiency and thermal efficiency have been calculated. Thermal energy, overall thermal energy electrical energy and for a clear day found to be 4.55 kWh, 0.60 and 6.14 kWh respectively. Further, overall average thermal efficiency throughout the day found to be 69%.

Thermal modelling of N partially covered photovoltaic thermal (PVT) – Compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) collectors connected in series

In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of packing factor of photovoltaic (PV) module on the performance of hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) greenhouse solar dryer. Different parameters have been evaluated for climatic condition of Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi (28_350N, 77_120E, 216 m above MSL), India. For the analysis solar radiation and ambient air temperature have been taken from IMD (Indian Meteorological Department) Pune. Further thermal modelling has been done for the PVT greenhouse dryer and different parameter like crop temperature, greenhouse temperature, outlet air temperature and cell temperature have been calculated with variation of packing factor of PV module by the help of MATLAB program. Further effect of packing factor on thermal energy, electrical energy, overall thermal energy, cell efficiency have been evaluated. Variation in thermal energy, electrical energy, and overall thermal energy with respect to packing factor found to be 3.66-2.05, 0-0.92 and 3.66-4.47 kWh respectively for a typical day of June.