Rosa Vitória Palamin Azevedo

Enzimotipagem de espécies do gênero Candida isoladas da cavidade bucal

The production of phospholipase and proteinase exoenzymes was evaluated in seventy nine samples of Candida isolated from the oral cavity of patients with oral lesions characteristic of candidosis and from individuals presenting a clinically normal mouth, attended at the University of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto USP. Among the strains of C. albicans isolated from oral lesions, the phospholipase and proteinase were detected in 83.3% and 66.7%, respectively. C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis produced only proteinase. Regarding the isolated strains from niches without lesions, out of a total of 32 C. albicans, 71.9% presented phospholipase and 68.7% proteinase. C. tropicalis only presented the enzyme proteinase, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. guilliermondii and Candida spp did not present any of the exoenzymes. Among the samples of C. albicans from both groups, the enzymotype 22 (positive phospholipase and proteinase weakly positive), was prevalent. Different enzymotypes of the same species were detected in samples collected from the same patient.

Candida sp in the oral cavity with and without lesions: maximal inhibitory dilution of Propolis and Periogard

Fifty individuals of both sexes aged on average 45.2 years were evaluated at the Semiology Clinic of FORP-USP in order to isolate and identify yeasts from the oral cavity, with and without lesions, and to determine the maximal inhibitory dilution (MID) of the commercial products Propolis (Apis-Flora) and Periogard (Colgate) against the strains isolated. Yeasts of the genus Candida were detected in the saliva of 9/19 (47.4%) individuals with a clinically healthy mouth, 18/22 (81.8%) of individuals with oral lesions, and in 4/9 (44.4%) of patients with deviation from normality, and were detected in 19/22 (86.4%) of the lesions. In the group with oral candidiasis, we isolated in tongue and lesion, respectively for each specie: C.tropicalis (8% and 10.7%), C.glabrata (4% and 3.6%) and C.parapsilosis (2% and 3.6%), in addition to C.albicans (71.4% and 67.8%) as the only species and the prevalent. The total cfu counts/ml saliva showed a higher mean value in the group with oral candidiasis (171.5% x 103) than in the control group (72.6 x 103) or the group with abnormalities (8.3 x 103). Most of the test strains 67/70 (95.71%) were sensitive to the antiseptics, with Propolis presenting a MID of 1:20 for 54/70/77.1%), and Periogard a MID of 1:160 for 42/70 (60%) strains from healthy sites, results similar to those obtained with strains from oral lesions. Different results were mainly observed among different species. The results indicate the possibility of using the antiseptics Propolis and Periogard (chlorhexidine) for the prevention and treatment of oral candidiasis.

Estudo comparativo da eficiência de três métodos de anti-sepsia intrabucal na redução do número de estreptococos do sulco gengival

Este trabalho foi feito com o objetivo de avaliar tres metodos de anti-sepsia intrabucal na reducao do numero de estreptococos do sulco gengival. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os tres tratamentos promoveram a reducao do numero de estreptococos do sulco gengival. A analise estatistica mostrou que, ao nivel de 1% de significância, o metodo que empregou um bochecho com clorexidina a 0,12% associado a limpeza das faces dentais com cotonete embebido nesta mesma solucao foi semelhante aquele que empregou dois bochechos com cloreto de cetilpiridinio intercalados com a limpeza das faces dentais com cotonete embebido em peroxido de hidrogenio a 3%. Esses dois metodos foram mais eficientes na reducao do numero de estreptococos do que o que empregou apenas um bochecho com clorexidina.

ESTREPTOCOCOS DO GRUPO MUTANS: ISOLAMENTO, IDENTIFICAÇÃO E PREVALÊNCIA DAS ESPÉCIES NA SALIVADE PARES MÃE/FILHO

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of species of the mutans group in samples of non-stimulated saliva from 50 children and their mothers. Aliquots of pure saliva were submitted to seriate decimal dilution, plated with the aid of the L glass rod onto SB20 modified medium, and incubated in a candle jar for 72 hours at 37oC. After the count of the cfu of the mutans group, the characteristic colonies were transferred to thioglycolatte medium, incubated for 24hours at 37oC and submitted to a biochemical identification scheme. Streptococci of the mutans group were detected in the saliva of 47 (94.0%) children, and in 50 (100.0%) mothers. S. mutans and S. sobrinus were detected in 15 (30.0%) children, and in 24 (48.0%) mothers who were multicolonized, with the cfu number corresponding to 1.28 x 106 and 3.57 x 106, respectively. The same species of the mutans group were harbored by 31 (62.0%) mother-child pairs.

Bacteriemia após exodontia unitária, empregando dois métodos de anti-sepsia intrabucal

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a frequencia de bacteriemias pos-exodontia utilizando dois metodos de anti-sepsia pre-operatoria, identificando os microrganismos isolados de hemoculturas pos-extracao e avaliando a sua suscetibilidade a antibioticos. Vinte e seis pacientes tiveram 33 dentes extraidos. Dezesseis casos foram submetidos a anti-sepsia com bochecho com 15 ml de gluconato de clorexidina a 0,12% por um minuto, seguido da friccao das faces dentais com cotonete embebido na mesma solucao (metodo 1) e 17 a anti-sepsia com dois bochechos com 15 ml de cloreto de cetilpiridinio a 1:4.000 por um minuto, intercalados pela friccao das faces dentais com peroxido de hidrogenio a 3,0% (metodo 2). Previamente a extracao dental e cerca de 1 a 3 minutos apos a mesma, colhiam-se 5,0 ml de sangue que eram semeados em meios de cultura e incubados por 20 dias. As cepas provenientes de hemoculturas positivas foram identificadas e submetidas ao antibiograma. Do total de casos, 68,8% apresentaram hemocultura positiva para o metodo 1 e 70,6% para o metodo 2. Houve maior prevalencia de Actinomyces nos dois metodos, seguido de Streptococcus, Staphylococcus e Peptostreptococcus. O maior indice de resistencia aos antibioticos testados esteve relacionado a oxacilina, enquanto nao foi observada nenhuma cepa resistente a amoxicilina ou a cefalotina. Conclui-se que a frequencia de bacteriemia pos-exodontia foi elevada, independentemente do metodo de anti-sepsia empregado, prevalecendo microrganismos anaerobios, os quais foram mais suscetiveis a amoxicilina e a cefalotina.