Rosangela Correa Dias

Correlação entre classificação clínica ceap e qualidade de vida na doença venosa crônica

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of patients with chronic venous disease (CVD) and to analyze the relationship between QOL and disease severity. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 50 participants with a diagnosis of CVD. The participants were classified according to disease severity using the CEAP clinical classification (Clinical manifestations, Etiological factors, Anatomical distribution of disease, Pathophysiological findings). They were then divided into two groups: CEAP 1, 2 and 3 (less clinically compromised) and CEAP 4, 5 and 6 (more clinically compromised). QOL was evaluated using the SF-36 questionnaire. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the SF-36 scores between the groups. The Spearman correlation was used to evaluate the association between QOL and the CEAP. Differences were considered statistically significant with p < 0.05. The SPSS statistical software version 16.0 was used for the analyses. RESULTS Seventy-four percent of the sample was female. The mean age was significantly higher (p<0.001) among participants classified as CEAP 4, 5 and 6 (56.6+/-10.3) than among those classified as CEAP 1, 2 and 3 (40.6+/-10.7). All the domains of the physical component of the SF-36 presented significantly lower scores in the CEAP 4, 5 and 6 group (p<0.05), thus showing greater physical and functional impairment. Only the domains of the physical component presented statistically significant negative correlations with the CEAP. CONCLUSIONS The physical and functional characteristics were more impaired, especially in the more severe forms of CVD. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the effects of CVD on QOL and better management of therapeutic interventions in this population.

Frailty and cardiovascular risk in community-dwelling elderly: a population-based study.

Background Evidence suggests a possible bidirectional connection between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the frailty syndrome in older people. Purpose To verify the relationship between CVD risk factors and the frailty syndrome in community-dwelling elderly. Methods This population-based study used data from the Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros (FIBRA) Network Study, a cross-sectional study designed to investigate frailty profiles among Brazilian older adults. Frailty status was defined as the presence of three or more out of five of the following criteria: unintentional weight loss, weakness, self-reported fatigue, slow walking speed, and low physical activity level. The ascertained CVD risk factors were self-reported and/or directly measured hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, waist circumference measurement, and smoking. Results Of the 761 participants, 9.7% were characterized as frail, 48.0% as pre-frail, and 42.3% as non-frail. The most prevalent CVD risk factor was hypertension (84.4%) and the lowest one was smoking (10.4%). It was observed that among those participants with four or five risk factors there was a higher proportion of frail and pre-frail compared with non-frail (Fisher’s exact test: P=0.005; P=0.021). Self-reported diabetes mellitus was more prevalent among frail and pre-frail participants when compared with non-frail participants (Fisher’s exact test: P≤0.001; P≤0.001). There was little agreement between self-reported hypertension and hypertension identified by blood pressure measurement. Conclusion Hypertension was highly prevalent among the total sample. In addition, frail and pre-frail older people corresponded to a substantial proportion of those with more CVD risk factors, especially diabetes mellitus, highlighting the need for preventive strategies in order to avoid the co-occurrence of CVD and frailty.

Gait speed correlates in a multiracial population of community-dwelling older adults living in Brazil: a cross-sectional population-based study

BackgroundGait speed is a strong predictor of a wide range of adverse health outcomes in older adults. Mean values for gait speed in community-dwelling older adults vary substantially depending on population characteristics, suggesting that social, biological, or health factors might explain why certain groups tend to self-select their gait speed in different patterns. The vast majority of studies reported in the literature present data from North American and European populations. There are few population-based studies from other regions with a different ethnicity and/or social and health conditions. To address this, the present study identified the mean usual and fast gait speeds in a representative multiracial population of community-dwelling older adults living in a developing country, and explored their association with sociodemographic, mental and physical health characteristics.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional population-based study of a sample of 137 men and 248 women, aged 65 years and over. Usual gait speed and fast gait speed were measured on a 4.6 m path. Participants were classified into slow, intermediate, and faster groups by cluster analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the independent effect of each factor on the odds of presenting with a slower usual and slower fast gait speeds.ResultsParticipants had a mean (SD) usual gait speed of 1.11 (0.27) m/s and a mean fast gait speed of 1.39 (0.34) m/s. We did not observe an independent association between gait speed and race/ethnicity, educational level, or income. The main contributors to present a slower usual gait speed were low physical activity level, stroke, diabetes, urinary incontinence, high concern about falling, and old age. A slower fast gait speed was associated with old age, low physical activity, urinary incontinence and high concern about falling.ConclusionA multiracial population of older adults living in a developing country showed a similar mean gait speed to that observed in previously studied populations. The results suggest that low physical activity, urinary incontinence and high concern about falling should not be neglected and may help identify those who might benefit from early intervention.

Prevalence of sarcopenia in older Brazilians: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Sarcopenia is the age‐related loss of muscle mass and function that evolves into disability, loss of independence and death. In Brazil the number of older people is rapidly growing, resulting in an increased prevalence of chronic conditions associated with old age. As prevalence estimates provide essential information to policymakers when developing healthcare strategies, this systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in older Brazilians.

The effects of a muscle resistance program on the functional capacity, knee extensor muscle strength and plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in pre-frail elderly women: a randomized crossover clinical trial - a study protocol

BackgroundWith the increase in the elderly population, a growing number of chronic degenerative diseases and a greater dependency on caregivers have been observed. Elderly persons in states of frailty remain more susceptible to significant health complications. There is evidence of an inverse relationship between plasma levels of inflammatory mediators and levels of functionality and muscle strength, suggesting that muscle-strengthening measures can aid in inflammatory conditions. The purpose of this study will be verified the effect of a muscle-strengthening program with load during a ten-week period in pre-frail elderly women with attention to the following outcomes: (1) plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), (2) functional capacity and (3) knee extensor muscle strength.Methods/DesignThe study design is a randomized crossover clinical trial evaluating 26 elderly women (regardless of their race and/or social condition) who are community residents, older than 65, and classified as pre-frail according to the criteria previously described by Fried et al. (2004). All subjects will be assessed using the Timed up and go and 10-Meter Walk Test functional tests. The plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α will be assessed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) with high sensitivity kits (Quantikine®HS, R&D Systems Minneapolis, MN, U.S.). Knee extensor muscle strength will be assessed using the Byodex System 3 Pro®isokinetic dynamometer at angular speeds of 60 and 180°/s. The intervention will consist of strengthening exercises of the lower extremities at 50 to 70% of 1RM (maximal resistance) three times per week for ten weeks. The volunteers will be randomized into two groups: group E, the intervention group, and group C, the control group that did not initiate any new activities during the initial study period (ten weeks). After the initial period, group C will begin the intervention and group E will maintain everyday activities without exercising. At the end of the total study period, all volunteers will be reassessed.DiscussionTo demonstrate and discuss possible influences of load-bearing exercises on the modification of plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and in the functional performance of pre-frail elderly women.Trial RegistrationISRCTN62824599

Influence of Frailty and Falls on Functional Capacity and Gait in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals

Objectives: To determine whether there are differences in functionality and gait between fallers and nonfallers in frailty groups. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 125 community-dwelling elderly individuals. Frailty, falls, functional capacity, and gait were assessed. Results: Functional capacity and spatial-temporal variables of gait differed significantly between the groups with different degrees of frailty (P < .05). Significant differences were found in Dynamic Gait Index scores between the groups divided by degree of frailty and falls (P < .05). Discussion: Falls did not lead to injury in the majority of elderly individuals in the study and therefore did not aggravate the adverse consequences of frailty.

Nutritional Risk is Associated with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in Community-dwelling Older Persons: The PAINEL Study

ABSTRACT Malnutrition is a risk factor for noncommunicable diseases related to ageing, and it can also contribute to musculoskeletal health. This study investigated whether nutritional risk is associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain in community-dwelling older persons. Nutritional risk was assessed by the DETERMINE Checklist. Chronic musculoskeletal pain was defined as the presence of pain in the past six months that did not disappear for at least 30 consecutive days. Multivariate logistic regression including confounding variables was used for the analysis. The sample was comprised of 383 participants (age 75.6 ± SD 6.1); the majority were at moderate-to-high nutritional risk (69%) and approximately one third presented chronic musculoskeletal pain (30%). The nutritional risk score was independently associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain: adding one unit in the risk score produces an 11% increment in the odds of presenting pain (OR 1.109, 95% CI 1.022–1.204). Individuals classified into moderate- or high-risk categories also had substantially higher odds (∼90%) of presenting chronic musculoskeletal pain when compared to those in the low-risk category, although our findings were only marginally significant. This is the first study to demonstrate the association between nutritional risk and chronic musculoskeletal pain above and beyond the contributed effects from relevant confounders.

What are the Main Physical Functioning Factors Associated With Falls Among Older People With Different Perceived Fall Risk

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Fall risk perceptions may influence the judgement over physical and functional competencies to avoid falls. However, few studies have explored the physical functioning characteristics associated with falls among older people with low perceived fall risk. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of falls and physical functioning factors associated with falling among community-dwelling older adults with low and high perceived fall risk. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional population based study with 773 community-dwelling elders. Perceived fall risk was investigated using Falls Efficacy Scale International. We considered fallers those who reported at least one fall in the previous 12 months. Physical functioning measures used were grip strength, usual gait speed, sit-to-stand test, five step test, timed up and go test, one-legged stance test, anterior and lateral functional reach test. RESULTS At least one fall was reported by 103 (30%) participants with low perceived fall risk and by 196 (46%) participants with high perceived fall risk. The odds of falling were lower among those with greater grip strength and with a greater stance time in one-legged test, and the odds of falling among elders with high perceived fall risk were higher among those who took more time in performing the five step test. DISCUSSION We believe that our results highlight the need of not neglecting the risk of falls among active older adults with low perceived fall risk, particularly in those elders that show reduced stability in a small base of support and a lower leg strength. In addition, we suggest that elders with high perceived fall risk should be assessed using anticipatory postural adjustment tests. Particularly, our results may help physiotherapists to identify eligible elders with different perceptions of fall risk for tailored interventions aimed at reducing falls. Copyright

What are the sociodemographic and health determinants for older adults continue to participate in work

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the sociodemographic and health factors that influence older adults who continue to participate in the workforce. METHODS Data were collected and evaluated for 1762 older adults aged 65 years and older who were living in the community and were enrolled in a population-based study (FIBRA Network Study). Older adults who participated in the workforce were compared with those who did not in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, physical and mental health, and physical functioning and performance in advanced and instrumental activities characteristic of daily living. A multivariate hierarchical logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS Factors associated with not participating in the workforce were aged (OR: 1.71, [95% CI: 1.26-2.30], p<0.001), female gender (OR: 1.70, [95% CI: 1.22-2.37], p=0.002), poor visual perception (OR: 1.31, [95% CI: 1.00-1.72], p=0.046), using 4 or more medications regularly (OR: 1.41, [95% CI: 1.489-2.247], p=0.034), having 3 or more comorbidities (OR: 1.44, [95% CI: 1.01-2.04], p=0.040), and a handgrip strength below 24.6kg/f (18.1-24.6kg/f (2nd tertile): OR: 1.52, [95% CI: 1.06-2.18], p=0.022; 0-18kg/f (1st tertile): OR: 1.60, [95% CI: 1.08-2.38], p=0.019). The probability estimates of the final model explained 67.9% of the events related to not participating in the workforce, as observed by the area under the ROC curve. CONCLUSION Our results highlight that work in later life is influenced by sociodemographic characteristics, intrinsic capacity, and multimorbidity. We suggest that strategies for optimizing healthy and active aging may help older people to continue participating in the workforce and contributing toward their communities.

Impact of Aerobic Training Associated with Muscle Strengthening in ElderlyIndividuals at Risk of Sarcopenia: A Clinical Trial

Background: Physical exercises are beneficial for healthy aging. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People recommends the use of an algorithm to identify the risk of sarcopenia. Objective: To compare an isolated muscle-strengthening program with a concurrent aerobic training and muscle strengthening program. Design: Non-randomized clinical trial. Setting: A community at “risk of sarcopenia” according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Participants: Sedentary, community-dwelling elderly women ( ≥ 65 years) with a gait velocity >0.8 m/s and handgrip strength <20 kg/f. Methods: Isolated training comprised muscle strengthening (75% of the 1-repetition maximum; 3x/week, 10 weeks). Concurrent training comprised muscle strengthening (75% of the 1-repetition maximum) plus aerobic training (30 min; 3x/ week, 10 weeks). We evaluated the pre- and post-intervention mobility and balance (Timed Up and Go test) and estimated the functional capacity and lower limb strength (Chair Stand Test). Between-group comparisons were made using a 2x2 analysis of variance (Bonferroni post-hoc) with a 5% significance level. Results: Of the 25 participants, 12 and 13 were assigned to the concurrent and isolated training groups, respectively (average age, 70.25 ± 4.78 years, average body mass index = 29.55 ± 4.65 kg/m2 and 73.00 ± 4.88 years, 29.99 ± 3.81 kg/m2, respectively). Both groups exhibited post-intervention improvements in mobility and balance (Timed Up and Go), with a higher percentage of improvement in the concurrent training group. The concurrent training group exhibited significant differences in functional capacity and estimated muscle strength (Chair Stand Test; p=0.002). Conclusion: The 2 training programs provided the benefits of improved mobility and balance in elderly women at “risk of sarcopenia”; concurrent training was more effective in terms of the functional capacity.