Rosani Manfrin Muniz

As teias da sobrevivência oncológica: com a vida de novo

This study originates from a doctoral dissertation that aimed to better understand patients’ oncological radiotherapy experience, given the theoretical and methodological reference of interpretative anthropology and the ethnographic method. The informants were 10 patients of both sexes, aged 34 to 80. The data was collected from March to August of 2007 through semi-structured interviews and participant observations. Through the interpretative analysis proposed by Hammersley and Atkinson, we constructed the clusters of meanings – Life alterations for the cancer and radiation survivor, and The survivor controlling their lives and weaving webs of the future. We understand nursing to go beyond the biological dimension of care when it includes the webs woven by cancer survivors to adjust to a new life, as they realize their existential limits, incorporate the disease and treatment, and insert them in a preliminary process which persists for the rest of their lives. DESCRIPTORS: Neoplasms. Survival. Culture. Nursing. LAS REDES DE LA SUPERVIVENCIA ONCOLOGICA: CON LA VIDA DE NUEVO RESUMEN: Este trabajo proviene de la tesis que objetivo comprender la experiencia de radioterapia para pacientes con cancer, a partir del referencial teorico y metodologico de la antropologia interpretativa y del metodo etnografico. Los informantes fueron 10 pacientes de ambos sexos, entre 34 a 80 anos. Los datos fueron recolectados de marzo a agosto de 2007, por entrevistas semiestructuradas y observaciones participantes. A traves del analisis interpretativo propuesto por Hammersley y Atkinson, construimos los siguientes grupos de significados – Cambios en la vida del sobreviviente del cancer y la radiacion, y, El sobreviviente controlando su vida y tejiendo las redes del futuro. Creemos que la enfermeria ultrapasa la dimension biologica de la atencion cuando incluye las redes tejidas por los sobrevivientes de cancer para adaptarse a la nueva vida, porque ellos perciben los limites existenciales, la incorporacion de la enfermedad y el tratamiento, colocandolos en un proceso limitrofe, persistente para el resto de la vida. DESCRIPTORES: Neoplasia. Sobreviviencia. Cultura. Enfermeria.

Cuidados paliativos na assistência hospitalar: a vivência de uma equipe multiprofissional

The objective of this qualitative, descriptive and explanatory study was to identify the experience of a multidisciplinary team in providing hospice care in the hospital setting. The study included six members of a multidisciplinary health team providing palliative care in a university hospital in the South of Brazil. The results indicate that when professionals began providing care to terminal patients, they experienced frustration and a sense of helplessness. The experience, however, enabled them to find new meanings for care delivery, coming to understand death as a natural event of life, and realizing the importance of ensuring quality of life and providing comfort to patients. The participants reported the need to strengthen communication, teamwork, and to create opportunities to discuss terminality. Thus, hospital care should meet the needs of patients receiving hospice care and those of their families, connecting and promoting actions to ensure patients have their suffering relieved and can survive with dignity. DESCRIPTORS: Patient care team. Palliative care. Hospital care. Terminally Ill. Attitude to death.

Perfil dos usuários do Hiperdia de três unidades básicas de saúde do sul do Brasil

This study aims to describe the profile of hypertensive and diabetic patients from three primary health units in the city of Pelotas, southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, that are registered in the Ministry of Healths HiperDia system. This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. A form based on the registration form of the HiperDia system was used as a research instrument. This system provides important information about the population served. The collected data were entered into the Epi-Info 6.04 computer program and analyzed in the STATA 9.0 software. The subjects of the study are predominantly female, aged above 50 years. Predominant risk factors are overweight, sedentary lifestyle, heredity and chronic cardiovascular complications. We concluded that the profile of the subjects of the study is similar to that of SisHiperDias national database.The objective was to describe the profile of hypertensive and diabetic patients registered in the HiperDia system of the Ministry of Health in three basic units of Pelotas in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This is a transversal study with quantitative approach. The research tool used was a form based in the registration form of the HiperDia system, this system provides important information about the served population. The collected data were entered in Epi-Info 6.04 program and analyzed in STATA 9.0 software. The population evaluated in the study is predominantly female, aged above 50 years. The more risk factors present were overweight, sedentary lifestyle habits, heredity and chronic cardiovascular complications. We concluded that the profile of the registered patients is similar to that found in the national database of SisHiperDia.Objetivou-se descrever o perfil dos hipertensos e diabeticos cadastrados no sistema HiperDia do Ministerio da Saude em tres unidades basicas do municipio de Pelotas, na regiao Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa. Utilizou-se como instrumento de pesquisa um formulario baseado na ficha de cadastro do sistema HiperDia, que fornece informacoes importantes sobre a populacao atendida. Os dados coletados foram digitados no programa Epi-info 6.04 e analisados no software STATA 9.0. A populacao avaliada no estudo e predominantemente feminina, na faixa etaria acima dos 50 anos. Os fatores de risco mais presentes foram o sobrepeso, o habito de vida sedentario, a hereditariedade e como complicacoes cronicas as cardiovasculares. Concluiu-se que o perfil dos cadastrados e semelhante ao encontrado no banco de dados nacional do SisHiperDia.

Medicinal plants: knowledge transmission in families of ecological farmers in souther Rio Grande do Sul

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o processo de transmissao do conhecimento relacionado as plantas medicinais entre as geracoes familiares, no contexto de agricultores de base ecologica da regiao sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo realizado com oito familias de agricultores, totalizando 19 entrevistados, residentes nos municipios de Pelotas, Morro Redondo, Cangucu e Arroio do Padre, entre janeiro e maio de 2009. A analise dos dados foi realizada atraves do metodo hermeneutico-dialetico. A familia foi referida como a principal fonte na transmissao do conhecimento em relacao as plantas medicinais. A maioria dos sujeitos informou primeiro realizar o tratamento com as plantas medicinais para em seguida buscar o servico formal de saude. A construcao do conhecimento relacionado as plantas medicinais pelas familias e predominantemente oral, realizada atraves do convivio diario entre seus membros e compartilhada com os demais membros da comunidade na qual estao inseridos.The aim of this study was to investigate the process of knowledge transmission related to medicinal plants among family generations in the context of ecological farmers in Southern Rio Grande do Sul. This qualitative study was conducted with eight farming families, comprising 19 respondents living in the municipalities of Pelotas, Morro Redondo, Canguçu and Arroio do Padre. The interviews took place from January to May 2009. Data analysis was performed using the hermeneutic-dialectic method. The family was referred to as the main source in the transmission of knowledge about medicinal plants. Most subjects reported first completing treatment with medicinal plants, to then seek formal health service. The construction of knowledge related to medicinal plants by the families is predominantly oral, and takes place by the daily contact between its members and is shared with other members of the community to which they belong.

Hospice care in a hospital setting: the experience of a multidisciplinary team

The objective of this qualitative, descriptive and explanatory study was to identify the experience of a multidisciplinary team in providing hospice care in the hospital setting. The study included six members of a multidisciplinary health team providing palliative care in a university hospital in the South of Brazil. The results indicate that when professionals began providing care to terminal patients, they experienced frustration and a sense of helplessness. The experience, however, enabled them to find new meanings for care delivery, coming to understand death as a natural event of life, and realizing the importance of ensuring quality of life and providing comfort to patients. The participants reported the need to strengthen communication, teamwork, and to create opportunities to discuss terminality. Thus, hospital care should meet the needs of patients receiving hospice care and those of their families, connecting and promoting actions to ensure patients have their suffering relieved and can survive with dignity. DESCRIPTORS: Patient care team. Palliative care. Hospital care. Terminally Ill. Attitude to death.

Nursing's view of the care practices of rural families and the person with cancer

Identificar las practicas de cuidados de familias rurales que experimentan la necesidad de cuidar de un miembro con cancer. Estudio cualitativo, utilizando como referencial metodologico el Modelo Bioecologico de Urie Bronfenbrenner y el metodo de insercion ecologica. Participaron tres familias de area rural, con un miembro en tratamiento quimioterapico en Servicio de Oncologia de un Hospital Escuela de la Region Sur de Brasil. Datos recolectados de febrero a julio de 2009. Se constato que la familia rural cuida a partir de las practicas construidas con base en las interacciones entre los familiares a lo largo de generaciones, y en otras practicas de la comunidad. El carino, el amor, la proteccion, la union familiar, la fe, el estar cerca, la preocupacion por la alimentacion, describen el cuidado y se constituyen como practicas de cuidado familiares en las familias rurales con un integrante afectado por cancer.The objective of this study is to identify the care practices of rural families who care for a person with cancer. This qualitative study used the Urie Bronfenbrenners Ecological Systems Theory as the theoretical and methodological framework. The participants were three families from a rural area who had a relative undergoing chemotherapy at an oncology service of a teaching hospital in southern Brazil. Data collection was performed between February and July of 2009. It was found that the care provided by the rural families is developed based on the family interactions across generations, and also on other community practices. The affection, love, protection, family unity, faith, togetherness and diet concerns describe the care and comprise the care practices of rural families who provide care to the person with cancer.

Consequences attributed to kidney transplantation: critical incident technique

This study aimed to describe the consequences experienced in the life of a person with kidney transplantation. This is a descriptive and qualitative approach, using the Critical Incident Technique, in which the interview content was analyzed, in an attempt to isolate the consequences of the kidney transplantation, showing positive and/or negative references. When confronted with what kidney transplantation provided to peoples life, the independence from the hemodialysis machine, the existence of a quiet and normal life, the sensation of well-being, and the possibility of performing activities were demonstrated. In compensation, the transplantation provided changes that led them to another reality. Although some changes in the life of these people occurred, the process of transplantation did not represent significant change, which could install suffering.

As inter-relações da rede social do homem com câncer na perspectiva bioecológica: contribuições para a enfermagem

Objetivou-se conhecer as caracteristicas das inter-relacoes da rede social do homem com câncer em tratamento quimioterapico. Estudo qualitativo que utilizou como referencial teorico o Modelo Bioecologico de Bronfenbrenner e o metodo de Insercao Ecologica. Participaram tres homens com câncer atendidos em um servico de quimioterapia, entre abril e setembro de 2010, realizando-se, em media, seis encontros com cada sujeito. Os dados contidos nas entrevistas foram submetidos a analise tematica. Constatou-se que, para o fortalecimento das relacoes e desenvolvimento do homem com câncer, sao necessarias caracteristicas positivas em sua rede social, como: presenca, comunicacao, compartilhar, confianca, respeito, interesse e protecao, formas de apoio amadurecidas ao longo do tempo que influenciam na vida das pessoas de maneira saudavel. Os profissionais de saude, ao conhecerem a rede e as caracteristicas de suas inter-relacoes, poderao intervir conjuntamente com a pessoa no fortalecimento de seus vinculos apoiadores e na mudanca significativa de suas relacoes fragilizadas.

O olhar da enfermagem sobre as práticas de cuidado de famílias rurais à pessoa com câncer

Identificar las practicas de cuidados de familias rurales que experimentan la necesidad de cuidar de un miembro con cancer. Estudio cualitativo, utilizando como referencial metodologico el Modelo Bioecologico de Urie Bronfenbrenner y el metodo de insercion ecologica. Participaron tres familias de area rural, con un miembro en tratamiento quimioterapico en Servicio de Oncologia de un Hospital Escuela de la Region Sur de Brasil. Datos recolectados de febrero a julio de 2009. Se constato que la familia rural cuida a partir de las practicas construidas con base en las interacciones entre los familiares a lo largo de generaciones, y en otras practicas de la comunidad. El carino, el amor, la proteccion, la union familiar, la fe, el estar cerca, la preocupacion por la alimentacion, describen el cuidado y se constituyen como practicas de cuidado familiares en las familias rurales con un integrante afectado por cancer.The objective of this study is to identify the care practices of rural families who care for a person with cancer. This qualitative study used the Urie Bronfenbrenners Ecological Systems Theory as the theoretical and methodological framework. The participants were three families from a rural area who had a relative undergoing chemotherapy at an oncology service of a teaching hospital in southern Brazil. Data collection was performed between February and July of 2009. It was found that the care provided by the rural families is developed based on the family interactions across generations, and also on other community practices. The affection, love, protection, family unity, faith, togetherness and diet concerns describe the care and comprise the care practices of rural families who provide care to the person with cancer.

Rede de apoio a mulher mastectomizada

Aim: to identify the support network to the mastectomized women. Methodology: qualitative, exploratory and descriptive. Conducted with five participants mastectomized support group for women with breast cancer “Mama Vida” in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Results: this study has highlighted the family, friends, religion and the group “Mama Vida” as a support network. It has contributed to face cancer in an easier way and Faith is seen as a great responsible for healing and overcoming. Conclusion: this network was of relevance to that the women survive to all the alterations caused by the fact of “being” with breast cancer.