Rudolf Süss

Liver as a Tumor Cell Killing Organ

Lymphoma cells (Eb and ESb, the metastasizing variant) were injected via a mesenteric vein. 85% to 95% of these cells were trapped in the liver. Most of the Eb cells (81%) were destroyed within 18 hours, ESb cells prove to be more resistant: only 28% of these cells were destroyed within this time. 51-Chromium release assay (4 hours) revealed a similar sensitivity of these two tumor cell strains.

Kupffer cells recognize trinitrobenzene-labeled erythrocytes

Chemical-modified erythrocytes (trinitrobenzene-modified erythrocytes (TNB-RBC)) are trapped in vivo rapidly by liver macrophages (Kupffer cells). The liver homing of TNB-RBC is dependent on the concentration of TNB-residues coupled to the surface of RBC. High concentrations induce liver homing, low concentrations spleen homing.

Natural cytotoxic cells from rat liver and spleen kill human glioma cells

SummaryNatural cytotoxic cells from rat spleen and rat liver, (isolated using the collagenase method) were found to be cytotoxic against different lines of human gliomas: T406, T508, T705, HeRo, HeRoCl 1, HeRoCl8, and HeRo-SV 7/114. After 18 h the lytic units ranged from 75 to 251 in the liver and from 5 to 24 in the spleen. Analyzing the ratio of lysis at 4 h/ 18 h, it may be concluded that this natural killing is predominantly macrophage (Kupffer cell)-dependent. Lysis by Kupffer cells cannot be increased by transforming glioma cells with SV40. Experiments with SV40-transformed mouse fibroblasts (3T3) and virustransformed human cell lines (SV80) suggested a “SV40” receptor on Kupffer cells. Thus Kupffer cells have receptors for glioma cells and SV40-dependent membrane structures.

Homing kinetics of indium-111 labelled bacteria: detection of organ specificities as revealed by scintigraphy.

Abstract “Homing” of 111In labelled bacteria to the liver was quantitatively studied using scintigraphy and liver perfusion. Salmonella typhimurium (rough) and Staphylococcos aureus were rapidly and efficiently trapped by the rat liver. In contrast Salmonella typhimurium (smooth) was trapped only at poor rates by liver and spleen. Serum dependency of the filtering process was studied using perfusion techniques.

Studies on intravascular phagocytosis in the lung.

SummaryIn this paper we have shown for the first time endocytosis by intravascular lung phagocytes. Glutaraldehyde-treated erythrocytes (discocytes) homed rapidly to the rat lung as measured by scintigraphic procedures. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy showed that the discocytes are phagocytosed by macrophages, blood monocytes and granulocytes as whole cells. This process could not be inhibited by silica treatment.

Tumor cells adhere to intraperitoneal injection sites

SummaryTumor cells injected intraperitoneally form cell plaques at injection sites in the abdominal wall of mice within a few minutes. Tumor cells appear to be transported passively and chemotactic factors are not involved. Dihydrocortisol blocks cell adherence and silica particles, assumed to destroy macrophages, abolish cell plaque formation.

Mechanismen der Krebsentstehung

Der Forschungsschwerpunkt „Mechanismen der Krebsentstehung“ befast sich mit der Grundfrage, wie und wodurch Krebs zustande kommt. Die darin zusammengefasten Forschungsvorhaben haben damit ein gemeinsames Konzept, das sich bei aller Verschiedenartigkeit der experimentellen Ansatze, folgendermasen beschreiben last: Modellhaftes Nachvollziehen der Umwandlung einer Normalzelle in eine Krebszelle unter bewust gewahlten Bedingungen, die eine moglichst luckenlose Beobachtung der zur Krebsentstehung fuhrenden molekularen Vorgange erlauben. Dabei ist das Experimentieren mit krebsauslosenden Strahlen, chemischen Karzinogenen sowie Tumorviren prinzipiell gleichwertig, ja, es ist sogar geboten, denn Krebs wird nicht durch eine einzige, sondern durch viele Ursachen hervorgerufen, und dieser Tatsache hat das Experiment Rechnung zu tragen.

Studies of erythrocyte sequestration

SummaryHeat altered erythrocytes are taken up by spleen macrophages without any signs of mechanical strain as revealed by light and scanning electron microscopy. There was no scintigraphic evidence for changed flow rates within the spleen after sequestration of erythrocytes.

Cytotoxic T-cells and antibody-producing cells isolated from liver and spleen of immunized rats.

SummaryLiver, strategically positioned within the circulation system, is a major trap for circulating tumor cells. Trapping and killing of tumor cells may be mediated by Kupffer cells und natural killer cells. In addition to these spontaneously cytotoxic cells, we isolated T-killer cells and antibody-producing cells from the liver after immunization with xenogeneic cells. Since tumor surveillance may include T-killer cells and antibody-dependent killer cells, the liver is able to attack tumor cells by “natural” and “induced” cytotoxic mechanisms.

Die wichtigsten Zahlen auf einen Blick

In der Welt gibt es im Augenblick uber 40000 AIDS-Falle, davon 29000 in den USA (Anfang Februar 1987), 840 in der Bundesrepublik.