Ruth L. Markham

Teaching Game Theory to Improve Adversarial Thinking in Cybersecurity Students

The ability to anticipate the strategic actions of hackers, including where, when, and how they might attack, and their tactics for evading detection, is a valuable skill for cybersecurity. Therefore, developing the strategic reasoning abilities of cybersecurity students is an important cybersecurity education learning objective. This paper proposes that basic game theory concepts should be taught to cybersecurity students in order to improve their strategic reasoning abilities. It details a pretest–posttest educational experiment that demonstrates that 2 h of basic game theory instruction results in a statistically significant improvement in students’ abilities to anticipate the strategic actions of others. It also provides details of the game theory curriculum to help other cybersecurity educators replicate these results. Additionally, this paper suggests that another benefit of teaching game theory in a cybersecurity course is that it may fundamentally alter the way students view the practice of cybersecurity, helping to sensitize them to the human adversary element inherent in cybersecurity in addition to technology-focused best practices. This could result in a more naturally strategic-minded, and therefore better equipped, cybersecurity workforce.

Perspectives regarding Motivations for Adoption by Christian Adoptive Parents: A Qualitative Study

This qualitative phenomenological research study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 21 self-described practicing Evangelical Christian families who have both biological and adopted children. The participants in the study shared numerous common elements pertaining to their shared perspectives. Here, we present the results specifically related to the reported motivations of the parents for adopting children. Findings included theological motivations to adopt (i.e., perceived biblical mandate, perspective of ministry, concepts of spiritual adoption, views towards Gods blessings) and a perspective that some romanticize the nature of adoption. We discuss various theological and spiritual implications of the findings in the context of biblical teachings to care for orphans and show love to underserved populations. The results also are related to research literature addressing the stress often reported by parents who adopt children.