Ruy Inacio Neiva de Carvalho

Bioatividade de óleos essenciais de sassafrás e eucalipto em cascudinho

This research aimed to evaluate the sassafras (Ocotea odorifera) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus viminalis) essential oils on the control of larvae and adults of lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus), comparing their insecticide potential. The essential oils were produced through water vapor extraction in a semi industrial scale. Contaminated paper filter technique was applied to evaluate the insect mortality. In the current experiment twelve concentrations were included for evaluation and among them one control (solvent) in order to settle the mortality rate and LC50 of the two tested essential oils. The larvae were more susceptible then the adults to sassafras essential oil exposure and less susceptible than the adults, when exposed to eucalypt essential oil. Larvae as well as adults of A. diaperinus were more susceptible to the sassafras (LC50 adults 0.26mL l-1 and larvae 0.12mL l-1) than the eucalyptus essential oil (LC50 adults 1.37mL l-1 and larvae 1.72mL l-1), by contact intoxication (Ocotea odorifera: Larvae y=3,3916+1,4699logx; Adult y=0,9486+2,8576logx; e Eucaliptus viminalis: Larvae y=1,3643+1,6254logx; Adult y=1,4487+1,6623logx). It is concluded that the essential oils of sassafras and eucalyptus can be used to control lesser mealworm and used as a new integrated strategy for management of this pest.

Necessidade de frio para quebra de dormência de gemas de caquizeiro 'Fuyu'

This work aimed to evaluate the chill requirement for bud break of Japanese persimmon cv. Fuyu. The branches were collected in five dates (April 26th; May 14th; June 21st; July 19th, and August 16th) and received five chill treatments (0, 168, 336, 504, 672 h) in the refrigerator (4oC to 7oC). The evaluation of dormancy was observed by the biological test of single node cuttings by following variables: average time for budburst (TMB), velocity of budburst (VB), final rate of budburst (TF) and rate of vigorous budburst (TBV). The experimental design was a factorial entirely randomized with five dates and five periods of chill treatment with three replications. Terminal and lateral buds were analyzed individually. The bud break of terminal and lateral buds of Japanese persimmon cv. Fuyu occurred in August after the treatment with 504 h of chill (4oC to 7oC), when 100% of budburst was obtained.

Endodormência de gemas de pessegueiro e ameixeira em região de baixa ocorrência de frio

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a endodormencia de gemas de pessegueiro cv. Chimarrita e ameixeira cv. Poli Rosa em uma regiao de baixa ocorrencia de frio. Os ramos foram coletados em um pomar situado no municipio de Fazenda Rio Grande, Parana, no periodo de abril a agosto dos anos de 2007 e 2008. Na ultima coleta, um grupo adicional de ramos foi coletado e mantido em refrigerador a temperatura de 4 a 7°C, por 672 horas. A avaliacao da endodormencia foi realizada por meio do teste biologico de estacas de nos isolados, que foram mantidas em condicoes controladas de temperatura (25°C) e fotoperiodo (16 h). Foi realizada a quantificacao das horas de frio (HF) e das unidades de frio (UF) ocorridas na regiao. As duas especies foram avaliadas separadamente, como dois experimentos distintos. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o completamente casualizado, com nove tratamentos para o pessegueiro e 11 tratamentos para a ameixeira, ambos com quatro repeticoes. Os dois anos foram analisados individualmente. A endodormencia mais intensa das gemas de pessegueiro cv. Chimarrita ocorreu no mes de maio, nos dois anos avaliados. A endodormencia mais intensa de gemas de ameixeira cv. Poli Rosa ocorreu no mes de maio em 2007 e se estendeu ate o mes de junho em 2008.

Índice para a avaliação da intensidade de dormência de gemas de fruteiras de clima temperado

The objective of the research was to determine an index of dormancy (ID) of temperate climate fruit trees buds for evaluation of the biological test of single node cuttings. The biological tests had been done from April to September of 2007 and 2008 with plum, peach, persimmon, kiwi and grape trees. Based in the values of average time for budburst (ATB), velocity of budburst (VB), final rate of budburst (FR), rate of vigorous budburst (RVB) and its correlations, the ID was developed for the five species. The interpretation classes of dormancy were separate in deep, intense, moderate, weak and absent. The ID developed for evaluation of the biological test of temperate climate fruit trees buds demonstrated to be an important tool for interpretation of the results with higher precision.

ATIVIDADE RESPIRATÓRIA DE MERISTEMAS APICAIS DE RAMOS PLAGIOTRÓPICOS DE Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze

Araucaria angustifolia decreases its growth ratio during the fall and winter in response to adverse environmental conditions such as in temperate fruits where bud dormancy as a survival startegy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of the respiratory activity of apical meristems of plagiotropic branches of Araucaria angustifolia. To determine the respiratory activity, samples with 0.4 g of apical buds of plagiotropic branches of young and adult plants were collected. These buds were maintained during two hours in 5 mL of 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (1.2%) in a growth room at 25 °C. Then, it was maintained during one hour in 4 mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and then the absorbance was determined by reading in spectrophotometer at 560 nm. The respiratory activity of apical meristems of plagiotropic branches of Araucaria angustifolia changed during the year, reducing in mid-spring and become lower in the winter in both young and adult plants. Adult plants remained with lower respiratory activity for a longer period, until the beginning of summer.

Comércio de frutas cítricas em Curitiba e região metropolitana

O objetivo deste trabalho foi levantar a variacao de precos no mercado varejista das frutas citricas em Curitiba e Regiao Metropolitana no periodo de fevereiro de 1999 a janeiro de 2000. Quatro mercados representativos do comercio de frutas na regiao foram selecionados e visitados mensalmente para coleta de precos praticados. Os precos reais foram corrigidos pelo INPC–IBGE para comparacao entre os meses do ano. As cultivares de laranja comercializadas foram a ‘Baia’, ‘Pera’ e ‘Lima’ com os seguintes precos medios R

Break dormancy, germination and vigor of Brachiaria bri-zantha cv. BRS Piatã

1,18/kg, R

Variação mensal do rendimento de óleo essencial de citronela

0,41/ kg e R

Poda verde e produção do pessegueiro em alta densidade

0,87/kg, respectivamente. As cultivares de lima encontradas foram a ‘Tahiti’ com preco medio de R

Poda verde e qualidade do fruto da ameixeira em alta densidade

0,78/Kg e a ‘Persia’ com preco medio R