Ryuei Maeda

A case of granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system associated with amyloid angiopathy

SummaryThe brain of a 69-year-old man exhibited extensive granulomatous inflammation in the walls of arteries in the leptomeninges, associated with amyloid deposition in the media of the involved arteries. The extracranial arteries exhibited neither granulomatous inflammation nor amyloid deposition in their walls.

THE ORIGIN AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CEROID

The study presents an evidence that the stromal element of erythrocytes contributes most to the formation of ceroid, while hemorrhage or erythrocytes, has so far failed to show any relationship with lipofuscin, indicating the basic difference of ceroid from lipofuscin. It is postulated that, once the initial building stones of ceroid, mainly composed of glycoprotein, are organized in the intracellular structure of macrophages, they would be gradually oxidized to expose, through enolization, ethylenic double bonds which readily combine with unsaturated lipids, and thus the pigment obtains a sudanophilia on paraffin sections. Ceroid cannot be only a derivative of highly unsaturated fatty acids. ACTA PATH. JAP. 17: 439–456, 1967

AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON DIGESTIVE TRACT AMYLOIDOSIS IN FERRIC NITRILOTRIACETATE (Fe‐NTA)‐INDUCED “F1 AMYLOIDOSIS” MICE

The histological distribution and ultrastructural findings were investigated in 52 amyloid‐positive cases obtained from 80 F, mice (32 males and 48 females) receiving 126 to 502 daily intraperitoneal injections of ferric nitrilotriacetic acid (Fe‐NTA) resulting from reciprocal crossing of 20 parental mice receiving daily intraperitoneal injections of Fe‐NTA for 5 months. Of 52 amyloidotic F1 mice 49 (94%) developed a moderate degree of amyloid deposits in the gastrointestinal tract. Moderate amounts of amyloid deposits were sporadically discernible in the lamina propria of the stomach pars glandularis, the duodenal mucosa, and to a lesser extent in that of the rectal mucosa. Electron microscopic observation revealed that macrophages adjacent to amyloid mass were radiating outward abundant bundles of non‐branching amyloid fibrils from the cytoplasmic invaginations. In the cytoplasm of the macrophages there were occasionally acid phosphatase‐positive lysosomes including amyloid fibrils measuring approximately 100 Å in width. Moreover, it is discussed whether fibroblasts or fibroblast‐like interstitial cells are involved in amyloid formation.

A NEW METHOD FOR VITAL STAINING OF CENTRAL NERVOUS TISSUES WITH NEUTRAL RED

A new vital staining method with neutral red has been established where by cerebral ganglion cells can be stained in vivo.

AN AUTOPSY CASE OF PROGRESSIVE VACCINIA ASSOCIATED WITH NORMAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN LEVELS

Presented here is an autopsy case of progressive vaccinia in which essentially normal immunoglobulin levels had been immunoelectrophoretically detected and the successive administration of gamma‐globulin and whole blood of recently successfully vaccinated adult human had failed to produce satisfactory effects. At autopsy, markedly proliferative lesions in the intestinal lymphoid tissues were found along with occasional focal necroses from which a perforating panperitonitis had arisen.

AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY ON FERRIC NITRILOTRIACETATE‐INDUCED “F, AMYLOIDOSIS”

Of a total of 80 offspring obtained by reciprocal crossing of ICR/JCL strain of mice of both sexes receiving 84–140 injections of Fe‐NTA over 98–163 days before crossing, 52 (65%) showed severe generalized amyloidosis after 93–502 injections of Fe‐NTA over 115–522 days, but not “hemochromatosis”, which was a striking contrast to the findings of “hemochromatosis” without amyloidosis observed in the parent mice. Electron microscopic examinations revealed numerous bundles of non‐branching, well‐oriented amyloid fibrils radiated outward from the surface of cytoplasmic invaginations of the Kupffer cells or splenic reticuloendothelial cells of the F, mice with amyloidosis, and close contact frequently observed between “amyloid‐forming cells” and adjacent lymphocytes in the amyloid‐laden liver and spleen of the F, mice. Since the above findings in the F, mice were not found in the parent mice treated with multiple Fe‐NTA injections, the present authors assumed that the immunological memory for the Fe‐NTA conjugate transmitted via the placenta to the fetus from the mother that received multiple Fe‐NTA injections might be involved in the development of generalized amyloidosis in the F, mice, although the possible mechanism by which Fe‐NTA‐induced “F, amyloidosis” has been developed remains yet undetermined.

Histochemical Studies on the Iron Hematoxylin Stained Granules Found in the Adrenal Cortex and the Anterior Pituitary of Rats

It has been proved that the chief component of the iron hematoxylin stained granules found in rat adrenocortical cells as well as acidophils of rat anterior pituitary may be considered to be protein bound phospholipid.Further conclusion has been obtained that the increased iron hematoxylin stained granules should be regarded as the bodies intimately concerned in the corticoid formation.

Evaluation of the Carbowax Fixation and Embedding Method for the Oxidative Enzymes

The presen method with a revised carbowax fixation and embedding procedure has been proved to be most suitable especially for histochemical demonstration of the oxidative enzymes.

Histochemical Studies on the Regenerated Adrenal Cortex

Enzymic activities have been demonstrated in the regenerating adrenal cortex five days after bilateral enucleation of the adrenals. The activities seemed to be increasingly enhanced as the days elapsed though weakly positive. It was found that above all steroid-3β-ol dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase showed most marked action in the cells confined to the cortical zone. It is assumed that there seemed to be apparent relationship between function of adrenocortical steroid metabolism and activity of the above two enzymes.

Histochemical Studies on Nucleoproteins

Ceroid pigment in paraffin sections loses its audanophilia due to methylation following a treatment with peracetic acid. Then the cell nucleus is found PAS reaction positive. In this case, it is observed that the nucleus is almost thionin unstainable. This observation has led to make further experiment in which the section is pre-treated with hydrochloric acid for four hours.As a result, the removal of basophilia from the nucleus by the pre- treatment makes the nuclear Schiff reaction positive. On further study this positive reaction is assumed to be due to nucleoproteins other than desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).