S. J. Gaudio

In situ high-pressure and high-temperature X-ray microtomographic imaging during large deformation: A new technique for studying mechanical behavior of multiphase composites

We have examined the microstructural evolution of a two-phase composite (olivine + Fe-Ni-S) during large shear deformation, using a newly developed high-pressure X-ray tomography microscope. Two samples were examined: a load-bearing framework–type texture, where the alloy phase (Fe-Ni-S) was present as isolated spherical inclusions, and an interconnected network–type texture, where the alloy phase was concentrated along the silicate grain boundaries and tended to form an interconnected network. The samples, both containing ∼10 vol% alloy inclusions, were compressed to 6 GPa, followed by shear deformation at temperatures up to 800 K. Shear strains were introduced by twisting the samples at high pressure and high temperature. At each imposed shear strain, samples were cooled to ambient temperature and tomographic images collected. The three-dimensional tomographic images were analyzed for textural evolution. We found that in both samples, Fe-Ni-S, which is the weaker phase in the composite, underwent significant deformation. The resulting lens-shaped alloy phase is subparallel to the shear plane and has a laminated, highly anisotropic interconnected weak layer texture. Scanning electron microscopy showed that many alloy inclusions became film-like, with thicknesses <1 μm, suggesting that Fe-Ni-S was highly mobile under nonhydrostatic stress, migrated into silicate grain boundaries, and propagated in a manner similar to melt inclusions in a deforming solid matrix. The grain size of the silicate matrix was significantly reduced under large strain deformation. The strong shape-preferred orientation thus developed can profoundly influence a composites bulk elastic and rheological properties. High-pressure–high temperature tomography not only provides quantitative observations on textural evolution, but also can be compared with simulation results to derive more rigorous models of the mechanical properties of composite materials relevant to Earths deep mantle.

An in situ high-pressure NMR study of sodium coordination environment compressibility in albite glass

Abstract The pressure-dependent modification of the Na-O coordination environment in albite glass is studied in situ to 2 GPa using high-pressure solid-state 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Compression of the glass at ambient-temperature results in shortening of the Na-O bond distance. The concomitant decrease in volume of the local Na-O coordination environment alone can account for the bulk compressibility of albite glass at 300 K. These results provide the first direct experimental evidence of a collapse of the open aluminosilicate framework that helps explain previously reported densification of aluminosilicate glasses and liquids at relatively low pressures without accompanying change in the average coordination number of the network forming Al and Si cations. Such structural changes at relatively low pressures may have far reaching implications for the mechanistic understanding of compressibility and viscosity anomalies characteristic of open tetrahedral aluminosilicate network glasses and melts of geological importance.