S. K. Naveen Kumar

Hybrid approach to transmit a secrete image

Today data security is very important and high priority topic. With rapid growth in communication and computer technologies, there is a huge data transaction in mobile, internet, TV, teleconferencing, telemedicine and military applications. For all these applications we need a security. Encryption is one of way to give the security for data; in this regard we propose a hybrid approach for partial image encryption. Proposed hybrid approach involves rearranging the mapping image according to SCAN patterns and selecting a pixel value of rearranged mapping image based on the mapping function. Novelty of proposed technique lies in converting the pixel value of original image into a row and column values of mapping image. Experiment is conducted for various SCAN pattern of mapping image using MATLAB.

Hardware software co-simulation of dual image encryption using Latin square image

Hardware Software co-simulation of a multiple image encryption technique has been described in the present study. Proposed multiple image encryption technique is based on Latin Square Image Cipher (LSIC). First, a carrier image based on Latin Square is generated by using 256 bits length key. XOR operation is applied between an input image and Latin Square Image to generate an encrypted image. Then XOR operation is applied between encrypted image and second input image to encrypt second image. This process is continues till nth input image. The proposed multiple image encryption technique is implemented Xilinx System Generator (XSG). This encryption technique is modeled using Simulink and XSG Block set and synthesized onto Virtex 2 pro FPGA device. Proposed technique is validated using hardware software co-simulation method.

Vehicle detection and classification based on morphological technique

Detection and classification of vehicles is very essential for the purpose of traffic control and management. We propose efficient algorithm based on image processing using top view of vehicles according to their size. The algorithm is based on different techniques including image differencing, thrsholding, edge detection and binary morphological process. Our work is simulated with the help of very strong scientific tool Matlab. In the present work we achieved a satisfactory result for vehicle detection and classification.

Hybrid approach for dual image encryption using nibble exchange and Hill-cipher

Information security is a very important and high priority topic in the fast growing internet technology. Encryption is one of the ways to secure information. This paper presents an approach to improve the entropy of an encrypted image using Hill-cipher technique. Dual image encryption process involves three stages including Hill-cipher technique. In first stage each pixels of both the images are bitwise rotated and reversed to manipulate the pixel value. In second stage, lower nibbles in each pixel of two resultant images are exchanged. Hill-cipher is applied in stage three to obtain the final encrypted images. The resultant encrypted images are found to be more distorted and having higher entropy. This hybrid approach is implemented using LabVIEW. Decryption operation follows the reverse process of encryption, which results in undistorted images.

Real time glucose monitoring system based on enzymatic nanosensor

In the present study Microcontroller based system for glucose monitoring is developed. The output of the conductometric nanosensor is taken as input to the glucose monitoring system. The output of the sensor varies with respect to the variation in glucose concentration. The output of the sensor is amplified by using an amplifier designed using IC 741. Amplified signal is fed to the input port “PORT A” of PIC 16F877 microcontroller. Microcontroller processes and analyses the amplified voltage and the result will be displayed on 16×2 LCD interfaced to it. An LCD displays various glucose concentration based on the condition as LOW, NORMAL, and HIGH.

A Two Stage Combinational Approach for Image Encryption

Information security is becoming more important in the field of information processing and management. Due to the fast development in the communication, a wide verity of information are transmitting in multiple medias like telephone, mobile, television, satellite communication, optical communication. Since image is also a very important information and there is a need for security in transmitting the image in most of the applications like satellite image transmissions, military applications, medical application and teleconferencing etc. In this paper, we describe a method for image encryption which has two stages. In first stage, each pixel of an image is converted to its equivalent eight bit binary number and in that eight bit number, number of bits equal to the length of password are rotated and then reversed. In second stage, a carrier image generated from the same password is added on the resultant image of first stage to which results final encrypted image.

Multiple Image Encryption Using Phase Manipulation and SCAN Methods

In this paper we propose a new concept of combined image encryption using phase manipulation and SCAN methods. Entire encryption process involves two stages where multiple images to be encrypted are applied to phase manipulation block. In first stage Fourier Transform (FT) is applied to get phase and magnitude of all input images. Phase of all images are scrambled to get modified image after applying Inverse Fourier Transform. In second stage these modified images are scrambled by using SCAN method. SCAN method finally gives resultant encrypted image by rearranging the pixels positions of modified image. Experiment is conducted for dual and multiple images using MATLAB software. From the experiment we obtained highly scrambled image at the end of encryption process. Decryption process employs exactly reverse process of encryption which results in the reconstructed images.

Fabrication and characterization of enzymatic glucose sensor based on ZnO nanoparticles

Nanomaterials have been found to exhibit interesting properties like semiconducting, piezoelectricity etc. Among all metal oxides nanoparticles, particularly Zinc Oxide has become a material of interest among scientific community, due to the commercial importance. Zinc Oxide materials are biocompatible, chemically stable, nontoxic, electrochemically active and have fast electron transfer rate. In the present work a method of fabricating glucose sensor is described. ZnO nanoparticles are synthesized using wet chemical method. The synthesized nanoparticles are dip coated onto a silicon substrate. Enzyme immobilization is done on the nanoparticles by keeping the thin film in 4°C for 24 hrs. Optical and structural characterization of the synthesized sample is studied. The result of UV spectrometer reveals the formation of ZnO nanoparticles by showing absorption peak at 376.27 nm. The XRD pattern taken for the ZnO nanoparticles showed that the average particle size is to be 21.6 nm. SEM image of the sample is taken by depositing on the silicon wafer. Finally sensing property of sensor is examined by establishing contacts. The studies showed that the sensor has a linear response to the change in glucose concentration.

Study on silver doped and undoped ZnO thin films working as capacitive sensor

Nanomaterials have been found to exhibit interesting properties like good conductivity, piezoelectricity, high band gap etc. among those metal oxide family, Zinc Oxide has become a material of interest among scientific community. In this paper, we present a method of fabricating capacitive sensors, in which Silver doped ZnO and pure ZnO nanoparticles act as active layer. For the synthesis of the nanoparticle, we followed biosynthesis method and wet chemical method for Ag and Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles respectively. Characterization has been done for both the particles. The XRD pattern taken for the Ag Doped ZnO nanoparticles confirmed the average size of the particles to be 15nm. AFM image of the sample is taken by doping on Silicon wafer. Also we have presented the results of CV characteristics and IV characteristics of the capacitive sensor.

Mesomorphic phases in mixtures of two non-mesogenic Compounds

The binary mixture of non-mesogenic compounds a sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and ethylene glycol (EG) exhibits a liquid crystalline phase over a large range of concentrations and temperatures. The concentration of 40% of SLS exhibit I–Sm A–Sm E–Cry sequentially when the sample is cooled from the isotropic phase. Spectroscopic studies like UV, IR, and 1H NMR, have been carried out to understand the molecular dynamics of the mixtures. The phases were identified by optical, X-ray and DSC studies. Temperature variation of the optical anisotropy of these mixtures is also discussed. The free energy per unit area and Helfrich potentials are estimated in the lamellar phase using the Helfrich model.