S. M. Aksenov

Lileyite, Ba2(Na,Fe,Ca)3MgTi2(Si2O7)2O2F2, a new lamprophyllite-group mineral from the Eifel volcanic area, Germany

The new Mg- and F-dominant lamprophyllite-group mineral lileyite (IMA 2011-021) was found at the Lohley quarry, Udersdorf, near Daun, Eifel Mountains, Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz), Germany, and named for the old name of the type locality, Liley. Associated minerals are nepheline, leucite, augite, magnetite, fluorapatite, perovskite, gotzenite. Lileyite is brown, translucent; streak is white. It forms platy crystals up to 0.1 × 0.3 × 0.5 mm in size and their clusters up to 1 mm across on the walls of cavities in an alkaline basalt. Lileyite is brittle, with Mohs hardness of 3–4 and perfect cleavage on (001). D calc is 3.776 g/cm 3 . The new mineral is biaxial (+), α = 1.718(5), β = 1.735(5), γ = 1.755(5), 2V (meas.) = 75(15)°, 2V (calc.) = 86°. The IR spectrum is given. The chemical composition is (EDS-mode electron microprobe, mean of 5 analyses, wt%): SiO 2 28.05, BaO 26.39, TiO 2 18.53, Na 2 O 6.75, MgO 4.58, FeO 4.48, CaO 2.30, SrO 2.23, MnO 1.44, K 2 O 1.41, Nb 2 O 5 0.95, F 3.88, –O=F 2 -1.63; total 99.36. The empirical formula based on 18 anions is: Ba 1.50 Sr 0.19 K 0.26 Na 1.89 Ca 0.36 Mn 0.18 Mg 0.99 Fe 0.54 Ti 2.01 Nb 0.06 Si 4.06 O 16.23 F 1.77 . The simplified formula is: Ba 2 (Na,Fe,Ca) 3 MgTi 2 (Si 2 O 7 ) 2 O 2 F 2 . The crystal structure was solved using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data ( R = 0.024). Lileyite is monoclinic, space group C 2/ m , a = 19.905(1), b = 7.098(1), c = 5.405(1) A, β = 96.349(5)°, V = 758.93(6) A 3 , Z = 2. The strongest lines of the powder diffraction pattern [ d , A ( I , %) ( hkl )] are: 3.749 (45) (31–1), 3.464 (76) (510, 311, 401), 3.045 (37) (51–1), 2.792 (100) (221, 511), 2.672 (54) (002, 601, 20-2), 2.624 (43) (710, 42–1). Type material is deposited in the collections of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, registration number 4106/1.

Metavivianite, Fe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O: new data and formula revision

Abstract The composition, structure, X-ray powder diffraction pattern, optical properties, density, infrared, Raman and Mössbauer spectra, and thermal properties of a homogeneous sample of metavivianite from the Boa Vista pegmatite, near Galiléia, Minas Gerais, Brazil are reported for the first time. Metavivianite is biaxial (+) with α = 1.600(3), β = 1.640(3), γ = 1.685(3) and 2Vmeas = 85(5)°. The measured and calculated densities are D meas = 2.56(2) and D calc = 2.579 g cm-3. The chemical composition, based on electronmicroprobe analyses, Mössbauer spectroscopy (to determine the Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio) and gas chromatography (to determine H2O) is MgO 0.70, MnO 0.92, FeO 17.98, Fe2O3 26.60, P2O5 28.62, H2O 26.5; total 101.32 wt.%. The empirical formula is (Fe3+1.64Fe2+1.23Mg0.085Mn0.06)Σ3.015(PO4)1.98(OH)1.72·6.36H2O. Metavivianite is triclinic, P1, a = 7.989(1), b = 9.321(2), c = 4.629(1) Å, α = 97.34(1), β = 95.96(1), γ = 108.59(2)°, V = 320.18(11) Å3 and Z = 1. The crystal structure was solved using a single-crystal techniques to an agreement index R = 6.0%. The dominant cations in the independent sites are Fe2+ and Fe3+, with multiplicities of 1 and 2, respectively. The simplified crystal-chemical formula for metavivianite is Fe2+ (Fe3+, Fe2+)2(PO4)2(OH,H2O)2·6H2O; the endmember formula is Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O, which is dimorphous with ferrostrunzite.

The crystal structure of emmerichite Ва 2Na 3Fe 3+Ti 2(Si 2O 7) 2O 2F 2, a new lamprophyllite-group mineral

Abstract Emmerichite Ba 2Na 3Fe 3Ti 2(Si 2O 7) 2O 2F 2, a new mineral of the lamprohyllite group, was found in alkaline basalts at the mountain Rother Kopf, near Gerolstein, Eifel Mountains (Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany) in association with nepheline, leucite, augite, phlogopite, fluorapatite, götzenite, akermanite, günterblassite, magnetite and perovskite. The crystal structure has been studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Monoclinic unit-cell parameters are: a= 19.9601(3) Å, b= 7.0989(1) Å, c= 5.4074(1) Å, β= 96.367(1)°, space group C2/ m. Structure model was determined by charge flipping method and refined to R= 4.57% in anisotropic approximation using 4400  F> 4 σF. The structure of emmerichite is similar to that of other members of the lamprophyllite group and is based on the HOH-modules. The main structural and chemical feature of emmerichite is the predominance of Fe 3in the octahedral M3 site. Thus, it is the first Fe 3-dominant titanium member of the lamprophyllite group.

Crystal chemistry of silicates with three-layer TOT and HOH modules of layered, chainlike, and mixed types

In view of new data on the chemical composition and structure of a series of natural layered silicates containing three-layer blocks and their corresponding microporous minerals with related fragments, their structural features; the structural conditionality of their properties; their transformation in the presence of isomorphism, decationation, and hydration; and the problems related to typomorphism and some other questions urgent for modern mineralogy have been considered. The structures are described in terms of threelayer modules of different forms and dimensions that are present in these structures. The composition and design of the general structural base of related series—three-layer modules forming layered or linear radicals—are also discussed. The minerals of these families differ in chemical composition, symmetry, and unit-cell parameters, as well as in the topological features associated with the type of condensation of the Si tetrahedra into layers or ribbons and the degree of condensation of M polyhedra in the central part of blocks: from layers and octahedral ribbons of different widths to chains and isolated polyhedra.

Crystal structure of Schüllerite, a new mineral of the heterophyllosilicate family

90 The representative family of heterophyllosilicates includes, in particular, the lamprophyllite group. The structure of the lamprophyllite group minerals is based on three layer blocks composed of the cationic wall made of edge sharing octahedra and the anionic net work of Si diortho groups combined by Ti semioctahe dra. The anionic networks are attached to the octahe dral layer through the vertices of the tetrahedra and semioctahedra. Large A cations (Sr, Ba, K, Ca, and Na) are located between the heterosilicate НОН layers (Н is hetero, O is octahedra), (Fig. 1). In particular, lamprophyllite described initially as a strontium min eral [1] was later described as having a variable compo sition as regards the large cations located in the inter layer spacings. Baritolamprophyllite and its Ba,Na ordered analog, nabalamprophyllite, are Ba domi nant members of the lamprophyllite family.

Crystal Structures of Endotaxic Phases in Europium Potassium Silicate Having a Pellyite Unit Cell

The structures of three phases of the synthesized europium potassium silicate were determined by X-ray diffraction. Two of these phases crystallize in a new structural type. The chemical formulas of the phases were determined. The orthorhombic unit-cell parameters of all three phases are equal: a = 14.852(1) Å, b = 15.902(1) Å, c = 7.243(1) Å, sp. gr. P21212 (phase I) and sp. gr. Pbam (phases II and III). The structures were solved by direct methods and refined from X-ray diffraction data collected from one crystal to R = 0.0271, 0.0479, and 0.0582 based on 4370, 3320, and 2498 reflections, respectively, with ¦F¦ > 3σ(F). The crystal- chemical formulas of the phases (Z = 4) are K3Eu3+[Si6O15] ∙ 2H2O, K3Eu3+[Si6O13(OH)4] ∙ 2H2O, and K3Eu3+[Si4O9.5(OH)](OH)2∙ 5.5H2O. The structure of phase I consists of silicon-oxygen sheets [Si6O15] analogous to those found in the isostructural compound K3Nd[Si6O15] ∙ 2H2O. In the structures of phases II and III, the ribbons [Si6O17] and [Si8O21] run along the shortest c axis and are linked together by Eu3+ octahedra and trigonal prisms to form three-dimensional layered and framework structures containing K atoms between the sheets and in the channels. The fragments are also linked through hydrogen bonds with the participation of OH groups and water molecules.

Antipinite, KNa3Cu2(C2O4)4, a new mineral species from a guano deposit at Pabellón de Pica, Chile

Abstract The new oxalate mineral antipinite is found in a guano deposit located on the Pabellón de Pica Mountain, Iquique Province, Tarapacá Region, Chile. Associated minerals are halite, salammoniac, chanabayaite, joanneumite and clays. Antipinite occurs as blue, imperfect, short prismatic crystals up to 0.1 mm × 0.1 mm × 0.15 mm in size, as well as their clusters and random aggregates. The mineral is brittle. Mohs hardness is 2; Dmeas = 2.53(3), Dcalc = 2.549 g cm-3. The infrared spectrum shows the presence of oxalate anions and the absence of absorptions associated with H2O molecules, C-H bonds, CO32-,NO-3 - and OH- ions. Antipinite is optically biaxial (+), α = 1.432(3), β = 1.530(1), γ = 1.698(5), 2Vmeas = 75(10)°, 2Vcalc = 82°. The chemical composition (electron-microprobe data, C measured by gas chromatography of products of ignition at 1200°C, wt.%) is Na2O 15.95, K2O 5.65, CuO 27.34, C2O3 48.64, total 99.58. The empirical formula is K0.96Na2O4Cu2.03(C2.00O4)4 and the idealized formula is KNa3Cu2(C2O4)4. The crystal structure was solved and refined to R = 0.033 based upon 4085 unique reflections with I > 2σ(I ). Antipinite is triclinic, space group P1, a = 7.1574(5), b = 10.7099(8), c = 11.1320(8) Å, α = 113.093(1), β = 101.294(1), γ = 90.335 (1)°, V = 766.51(3) Å3, Z = 2. The strongest reflections of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I,%) (hkl)] are 5.22 (40) (11̅1), 3.47 (100) (03̅ 2), 3.39 (80) (2̅10), 3.01 (30) (03̅3, 220), 2.543 (40) (122, 03̅ 4, 104), 2.481 (30) (2̅13), 2.315 (30) (14̅3, 3̅ 10), 1.629 (30) (14̅6, 4̅14̅, 2̅43, 1̅60).

Günterblassite, (K,Ca)3 − xFe[(Si,Al)13O25(OH,O)4] · 7H2O, a new mineral: the first phyllosilicate with triple tetrahedral layer

A new mineral, günterblassite, has been found in the basaltic quarry at Mount Rother Kopf near Gerolstein, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany as a constituent of the late assemblage of nepheline, leucite, augite, phlogopite, åkermanite, magnetite, perovskite, a lamprophyllite-group mineral, götzenite, chabazite-K, chabazite-Ca, phillipsite-K, and calcite. Günterblassite occurs as colorless lamellar crystals up to 0.2 × 1 × 1.5 mm in size and their clusters. The mineral is brittle, with perfect cleavage parallel to (001) and less perfect cleavage parallel to (100) and (010). The Mohs hardness is 4. The calculated and measured density is 2.17 and 2.18(1) g/cm3, respectively. The IR spectrum is given. The new mineral is optically biaxial and positive as follows: α = 1.488(2), β = 1.490(2), γ = 1.493(2), 2Vmeas = 80(5)°. The chemical composition (electron microprobe, average of seven point analyses, H2O is determined by gas chromatography, wt %) is as follows: 0.40 Na2O, 5.18 K2O, 0.58 MgO, 3.58 CaO, 4.08 BaO, 3.06 FeO, 13.98 Al2O3, 52.94 SiO2, 15.2 H2O, and the total is 98.99. The empirical formula is Na0.15K1.24Ba0.30Ca0.72Mg0.16F0.482+[Si9.91Al3.09O25.25(OH)3.75] · 7.29H2O. The crystal structure has been determined from a single crystal, R = 0.049. Günterblassite is orthorhombic, space group Pnm21; the unit-cell dimensions are a = 6.528(1), b = 6.970(1), c = 37.216(5) Å, V = 1693.3(4) Å3, Z = 2. Günterblassite is a member of a new structural type; its structure is based on three-layer block [Si13O25(OH,O)4]. The strong reflections in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern [d Å (I, %) are as follows: 6.532 (100), 6.263 (67), 3.244 (49), 3.062 (91), 2.996 (66), 2.955 (63), and 2.763 (60). The mineral was named in honor of Günter Blass (born in 1943), a well-known amateur mineralogist and specialist in electron microprobe and X-ray diffraction. The type specimen of günterblassite is deposited in the collections of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, with the registration number 4107/1.

Crystal Structure of Günterblassite, a New Mineral with a Triple Tetrahedral Layer

57 Postmagmatic parageneses of the Eifel volcanic field (Germany) are characterized by a wide variety of minerals [1]. Gunterblassite 1 is a new mineral discov� ered in a late association formed in the cavities of the alkaline basalt of the Rother Kopf mountain. The chemical composition was determined by electron microprobe analysis. The content of H 2 O was quanti� fied by chromatographic analysis of gaseous products of calcination. The IR spectrum of the mineral shows the absence of borate, carbonate, nitrate, and ammo� nium groups. The empirical formula calculated for 13 atoms (Si, Al) is

Schüllerite, Ba2Na(Mn,Ca)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2(O,F)4, a new mineral species from the Eifel volcanic district, Germany

A new heterophyllosilicate mineral schüllerite was found in the Löhley basalt quarry in the Eifel volcanic region, Germany, as a member of the late mineral assemblage comprising nepheline, leucite, augite, phlogopite, magnetite, titanite, fresnoite, barytolamprophyllite, fluorapatite, perovskite, and pyrochlore. Flattened brown crystals of schüllerite up to 0.5 × 1 × 2 mm in size and their aggregates occur in miarolic cavities of alkali basalt. The mineral is brittle, with a Mohs hardness 3–4 and perfect cleavage parallel to (001). Dcalc = 3.974 g/cm3. Its IR spectrum is individual and does not contain bands of OH−, CO32− or H2O. Schüllerite is biaxial (−), α = 1.756(3), β = 1.773(4), γ = 1.780(4), 2Vmeas = 40(20)°. Dispersion is weak, r < ν. Pleochroism is medium X > Y > Z, brown to dark brown. Chemical composition (electron microprobe, mean of five-point analyses, Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio determined by the X-ray emission spectroscopic data, wt %): 3.55 Na2O, 0.55 K2O, 3.89 MgO, 2.62 CaO, 1.99 ArO, 28.09 BaO, 3.43 FeO, 8.89 Fe2O3, 1.33 Al2O3, 11.17 TiO2, 2.45 Nb2O5, 26.12 SiO2, 2.12 F, −0.89 -O=F2, 98.98 in total. The empirical formula is (Ba1.68Sr0.18K0.11Na1.05Ca0.43Mn0.47Mg0.88Fe0.442+Fe1.023+Ti1.28Nb0.17Al0.24)Σ7.95Si3.98O16.98F1.02. The crystal structure was refined on a single crystal. Schüllerite is triclinic, space group P1, unit cell parameters: a = 5.4027(1), b = 7.066(4), c = 10.2178(1)Å, α = 99.816(1), β = 99.624(1), γ = 90.084(1)°, V = 378.75(2) Å3, Z = 1. The strongest lines of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern [d, Å, (I, %)]: 9.96(29), 3.308(45), 3.203(29), 2.867(29), 2.791(100), 2.664(46), 2.609(36), 2.144(52). The mineral was named in honor of Willi Schüller (born 1953), an enthusiastic, prominent amateur mineral collector, and a specialist in the mineralogy of Eifel. Type specimens have been deposited at the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, registration no. 3995/1,2.