S. Maflin Shaby

Analysis and Optimization of Sensitivity of a MEMS Peizoresistive Pressure Sensor

This paper presents a MEMS Piezoresistive pressure sensor which utilizes a circular shaped polysilicon diaphragm with a nanowire to enhance the sensitivity of the pressure sensor. The polysilicon nanowire is fabricated in such a way that it forms a bridge between the circular polysilicon diaphragm and the substrate. The high Piezoresistive effect of Silicon nanowires is used to enhance the sensitivity. A circular polysilicon nanowire piezoresistor was fabricated by means of reactive ion etching. This paper describes the performance analysis, structural design and fabrication of piezoresistive pressure sensor using simulation technique. The polysilicon nanowire pressure sensor has a circular diaphragm of 500nm radius and has a thickness about 10nm. Finite element method (FEM) is adopted to optimize the sensor output and to improve the sensitivity of the circular shaped diaphragm of a polysilicon nanowire Piezoresistive pressure sensor. The best position to place the Polysilicon nanowires to receive maximum stress was also considered during the design process..The fabricated polysilicon nanowire has high sensitivity of about 133 mV/VKPa.

Performance analysis and validation of sensitivity of piezoresistive MEMS pressure sensor

A finite element method (FEM) is adopted for designing and optimizing the performance of silicon based piezoresistive pressure sensor. The analysis method was carried using intellisuite software. Thermal as well as pressure loading on the sensor is applied to make a comparison between the simulation results. Furthermore, a method that transfers the simulation stress data into output voltage is proposed in this study, and the results indicate that the experimental result coincides with the simulation data. In order to achieve better sensor performance, a parametric analysis is performed to evaluate the system output sensitivity of the pressure sensor. The design parameters of the pressure sensor include membrane size/shape and the location of piezoresistor. The parameters of the pressure sensor include membrane size/shape and the location of piezoresistor. The findings depict that proper selection of the membrane geometry and piezoresistor location can enhance the sensor sensitivity.

Measurement and fault detection in intelligent wireless system using wireless devices

In our current scenario faulty street lights may lead accident and also encourage crime. But our system has the function to detect the faults in the street light manually. It takes more time to detect and rectification. Our current scenario primarily depends on electrical inspectors to frequently check the street lights. It also unwanted work, even the system working well. Here the new method is proposed based on automated system to detect the faults in street lights system automatically and also intimates and updates the problem in internet of things (IOT). This system improves the detection system in faulty street lights (FSLS) and it eliminates the delay on rectification. However, this system should enable the sensor network and real time status reports.

Instill Dental Antennas for Minimally Interfering Bio-medical Devices

Implantable medical devices are mainly in use for the wireless electronic health devices and remote home care applications because of their miniature techniques and low-power consumption integrated circuits. The demand for bio-medical applications that employ wireless telemetry systems has increased significantly. Antennas can be implanted into human bodies to form a bio-communication system between medical devices and exterior instruments for short-range bio-telemetry applications. A compact antenna is being implanted in dental applications. The antenna consists of Archimedean spiral antenna and a Hilbert-based curve gives high gain. In this design two Hilbert based curves and one spiral antenna is embedded. This 3D folded antenna is implanted in teeth. It gives uni-directional radiation pattern and eliminates the back radiation. Due to unidirectional radiation the power loss is reduced. In Archimedean spiral antenna FR4 material is used as a substrate with dielectric constant 2.2. Here probe feed technique is used to excite the current. Simulation is done by using HFSS software. Shortening wall technique is used to enhance the bandwidth. The simulated antenna performs high gain (>6 dB), return loss (<−10 dB) and broad bandwidth. This antenna can be used for bio-medical applications.

A systematic review on the research headway of piezoelectric diaphragms for micro electromechanical applications

The fabrication mechanisms of MEMS helps us to develop diaphragms for various applications such as micropumps, microphones, other precise pressure sensors, etc. The fundamental working principle behind all of these devices is based on the pressure applied onto the plates of the diaphragm that causes it to deflect. A comprehensive literature review has been presented in this work focusing on the research headway of piezoelectric diaphragms in different Micro electromechanical applications.

Capacitive accelerometers for microelectromechanical applications: A review

The accelerometer based on MEMS is the fast developing device which finds its application in MEMS. It finds its applications in different fields namely automobile, consumer electronics, aeronautical, biomedical and robotics applications. In all these applications the device works based on the principle that the displacement of a small proof mass etched into the silicon surface of the integrated circuit and suspended by small beams. The review article provides a past, present and future scope of the capacitive accelerometers in various fields.

Implementation of high speed vedic multiplier using modified adder

Multipliers are the most important block in any arithmetic and logic unit, accumulators and Digital signal processors. Due to the increasing constraints on delay, design of faster multipliers is emphasized. Among several multipliers, Vedic multipliers are preferred for their speed of operation. Among the sixteen sutras in Vedic multiplication techniques our proposed “URDHVA TIRYAKBHYAM” a most efficient technique in-terms of speed. In this project we aim at developing a multiplier using modified Adder which implements the “URDHVA TIRYAKBHYAM” sutra with improved speed of operation. Adders are vastly implemented in the critical path of many blocks of microprocessor chips. Our proposed adder is not only used for arithmetic logic units (ALUs). This adders are used in other parts of processor where they are used to calculate indices of table, corresponding condition and addresses. The efficiency of the digital system is greatly influenced by the performance of these adders. In this paper we proposed new innovative modified carry select adder with performance improvement in delay and area used. The most important parameters to be noted to measure the performance of adder designs are computation time and area. To compare results we have simulated types of adders in existing by using Xilinx tool and the results are compared.

A Rescue System of an advanced ambulance using prioritized traffic switching

Traffic congestion and tidal flow management are two major problems in modern urban areas which lead to road accident and loss of life. To implement this, we introduce Automatic Ambulance Rescue System (AARS). The main idea behind this scheme is ambulance can reach smoothly to hospital in time, by mechanically controlling traffic lights in path. The ambulance is controlled by control unit which gives the shortest path for reaching hospital and controls traffic lights. The sensor senses the spot and the nearest ambulance reaches the accident spot. The traffic lights in the path of the ambulance are controlled. The ambulance is guided to hospital by server through shortest route. The vehicle unit installed in vehicle senses the accident and sends the location of the accident to the main server in the ambulance section. The main server finds the ambulance, nearest to the accident spot and also shortest path between ambulance, accident spot and nearest hospital.

Surface-level gateway deployment for underwater sensor networks

The underwater sensor networks performance is prominently restricted through the factors of high propagation delay and lesser bandwidth of acoustic transportations. This UWSN performance is improved through organizing the numerous surface-level radio-capable entries from numerous features. In this work, we mostly focus on the placement of surface entry, which is demonstrated as a tricky of optimization. To solve alterations of the placement optimization tricky problem, Integer Linear Programming is used. The compromise among the predictable delay and the energy consumption and the amount of surface entries is examined. In our proposed work, to estimate the welfares of surface entry optimization, we conduct related simulations and examine the underwater sensor node placement design and the result of acoustic channel volume. By our outcomes, we demonstrate the important benefits of surface entry optimization. These outcomes also offer valuable strategies for the factual network placement.

Efficient Set Routing for Continuous Patient Monitoring Wireless Sensor Network with Mobile Sensor Nodes

Static sensor nodes are effectively and efficiently replaced by mobile sensor nodes in WSN applications like tracking, periodic weather monitoring, etc. In this paper, challenges in WSN routing are focused with mobile nodes. A new routing protocol called as set routing is proposed for wireless sensor networks with mobile nodes. In set routing, the sets of nodes are constructed after deployment. Routing overhead is fully given to static sink node or base station. Direction based linear mobility pattern is chosen for its greater coverage area with low energy spent and is used in set routing. Set routing is simulated using Omnet++ and Matlab and the performance is studied. The results are compared with cluster based routing and mobile leach protocols and found that delivery ratio is higher in our set routing.