S. N. Sannikov
Russian Academy of Sciences
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Featured researches published by S. N. Sannikov.
Russian Journal of Ecology | 2012
S. N. Sannikov; I. V. Petrova
The phylogenogeographic structure, polymorphism, and differentiation of Pinus sylvestris L. have been studied for the first time by means of allozyme analysis of 143 populations along a network of transects covering the entire species range. The results show that the species in general is characterized by a significant level of differentiation, regardless of its relative uniformity in northern and central parts of the range. Nei’s genetic distances between populations and their gradients in the extreme southern parts of the range, where it has an insular pattern, are seven to eight times greater than in the northern, “glacial” zone. Three Pleistocene refugia for the species have been revealed in the Balkans, Southern Urals, and Northern Mongolia. Using analysis of genetic distances between 18 phylogeographic regions and an original genosystematic scale, one subspecies, five geographic races and nine geographic population groups have been distinguished in the P. sylvestris L. species structure.
Russian Journal of Ecology | 2011
S. N. Sannikov; I. V. Petrova; F. Schweingruber; E. V. Egorov; T. V. Parpan
The allozyme analysis of six local populations of Pinus mugo Turra and six populations of P. sylvestris L. in the Ukrainian Carpathians, Swiss Alps, and Schwarzwald has shown a higher polymorphism and greater interpopulation differentiation of the Carpathian group of P. mugo populations compared to the Alpine group (Nei’s genetic distance DN78 at the level of geographic population group is −0.023). A genetic differentiation of DN78 = 0.049 between these populations, which are isolated by a distance of more than 1000 km, has been found. This confirms the existence of the subspecies P. mugo ssp. mugo and P. mugo ssp. uncinata in the Carpathians and Alps, respectively. The hypothesis is put forward that the former subspecies has been formed in the Balkans and the latter, in the Pyreneans. It has been demonstrated that regional populations and geographic groups of P. sylvestris are less differentiated than those of P. mugo.
Russian Journal of Ecology | 2007
S. N. Sannikov; N. S. Sannikova
A comparative analysis of field observations and experiments on the distance and rate of dispersal of self-sown Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) progeny has shown that the rate of their hydrochorous dissemination downstream is an order of magnitude higher than the rate of dispersal in upland areas. A hypothesis assigning priority to the role of hydrochory in the expansion of conifer populations to the tundra (periglacial) zone along with climate warming has been formulated and substantiated by comparative isozyme analysis of populations in transects lying along and across rivers.
Russian Journal of Ecology | 2014
S. N. Sannikov; I. V. Petrova; E. V. Egorov; N. S. Sannikova
An allozyme analysis of 67 Pinus sylvestris L. populations distributed over the entire species range has provided a basis for determining locations of 12 hypothetical Pleistocene refugia (HPRs) in its southern marginal part and estimating their relative contributions to the gene pools of seven phylogeographic population groups (PPGs) in the glaciated zone of the range. Using Nei’s (1978) minimum genetic distances (DN78 < 0.015) reflecting similarities and differences in allele frequencies between PPGs and the refugia, it has been shown that the main contributions to the P. sylvestris gene pool in Central Europe, Scandinavia, and the Russian Plain were probably made by the Balkan and Southern Ural refugia, and in Western and Central Siberia, by the Southern Ural, Turgai, and Southern Siberian mountain refugia.
Russian Journal of Ecology | 2010
D. V. Veselkin; S. N. Sannikov; N. S. Sannikova
Morphological parameters of the root system (the length of conducting roots and the number of absorbing roots) and the rate of its mycorrhization have been studied in one-year Scots pine seedlings from burned-out areas of cowberry-herb-green moss pine forest in the northern forest-steppe subzone of Western Siberia. The results show that the length of conducting roots in such seedlings increases, whereas the rate and density of mycorrhiza formation in absorbing roots decrease, compared to those in plants from unburned areas. The structure of underground organs in pine seedlings depends not only on fire intensity but also on the type of substrate in the burned-out area.
Russian Journal of Ecology | 2005
S. N. Sannikov; I. V. Petrova; N. S. Sannikova; T. V. Filippova
Gradients of Neis genetic distances between 15 samples of Pinus sylvestris L. trees were analyzed along three submeridional transects, from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean and Transcaucasia. As a result, distinct chorogenetic differentiation was revealed between the populations of this species growing in climatically specific regions of northern and southern Europe. Considerable Neis distances (DN = 0.045–0.056) and their gradients, combined with differences in stable phenotypic characters (the composition of monoterpenes and morphological parameters of cones) determined at the Pyrenean and Caucasian mountain borders, suggest that the P. sylvestris species structure includes two South Eurasian subspecies, the Pyrenean P. sylvestris L., ssp. iberica Svoboda and the Transcaucasian P. sylvestris L., ssp. hamata (Stev.) Fomin.
Russian Journal of Genetics | 2014
S. N. Sannikov; I. V. Petrova; O. S. Dymshakova; O. E. Cherepanova
Geographic variation and differentiation of the chloroplast DNA haplotypes and morpho-anatomical leaf parameters were assessed in a number of eastern European groups of Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull. populations and in the Pritobolien group of populations of this species in Western Siberia, which have long been isolated from the European populations. Sharply pronounced genetic and phenotypic distances and their gradients between the Pritobolien and European population groups were revealed. These distances were many times higher than those between the relatively homogeneous eastern European groups. The data obtained generally supported the hypothesis on the phenogenetic divergence of the Pritobolien marginal populations of C. vulgaris from the European, probably at the subspecies level.
Russian Journal of Ecology | 2013
S. N. Sannikov; I. V. Petrova; M. A. Polezhaeva; Yu. D. Mishchikhina; O. E. Cherepanova; O. S. Dymshakova
Analysis of geographic variation of chloroplast DNA in the eastern European and western Siberian (Tobol) groups of Calluna vulgaris populations isolated from each other for a long period of time has revealed distinct differentiation between them. It has been shown that three populations growing in the Russian Plain and Karelia share two haplotypes characteristic of central Europe, while three Tobol populations contain one haplotype F occurring in Sweden. These results confirm the hypothesis of genetic divergence between the Tobol and eastern European groups of C. vulgaris populations.
Russian Journal of Ecology | 2012
N. S. Sannikova; S. N. Sannikov; I. V. Petrova; Yu. D. Mishchikhina; O. E. Cherepanova
To analyze and quantitatively estimate the contribution of different factors of competition from the edificator tree stand to its effect on plants comprising the lower forest vegetation layer, a set of ecophysiologically based indices of root, light, and integrated competition has been proposed and tested. The results obtained in pine and spruce forests forests of Western Siberia and the Urals show that the growth of the conifer undergrowth is more closely correlated with the index of root competition, and that of heather (Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull.), with the index of light competition from the edificator tree stand. Moreover, the correlation of their growth with the integrated competition index is 15–25% stronger than the correlation with the indices of root and light competition, irrespective of forest type.
Russian Journal of Ecology | 2009
V. I. Parpan; S. N. Sannikov; T. V. Parpan
As a result of studies in natural beech forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians and review of published data, a scheme of their asynchronous mosaic decline, natural regeneration, age-related regeneration dynamics, and centennial dynamics has been formulated on a population-ecological basis.