S. Pekcan

Cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompetent wheezy infants: the diagnostic value of CMV PCR in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis in immunocompetent hosts is uncommon but is being recognized more frequently, particularly when presenting as severe viral pneumonia.

Comparing the efficacy of nebulizer recombinant human DNase and hypertonic saline as monotherapy and combined treatment in the treatment of persistent atelectasis in mechanically ventilated newborns

Background:  The purpose of the present study was to compare the cost‐effectiveness and efficacy of nebulizer recombinant human DNase (rhDNase) and hypertonic saline (HS) as monotherapy and combined treatment in neonatal atelectasis.

Total antioxidant and total oxidant states, and serum paraoxonase‐1 in neonatal sepsis

Paraoxonase‐1 (PON‐1) is an enzyme with a glycoprotein structure that depends on calcium and which is located in serum high‐density lipoprotein (HDL). The aim of this study was to evaluate PON‐1, and oxidant/antioxidant state, before and after treatment for neonatal sepsis, and to determine the usability of PON‐1 in neonatal sepsis treatment.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum as a complication in human bocavirus infection

The most common causes of spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) in children are asthma attack and respiratory tract infection. Here, we describe a case of SPM in a human bocavirus‐infected 2‐year‐old boy with bronchiolitis.

Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in immunocompromised children with H1N1 influenza: a clinical observation

The appropriate treatment of pandemic H1N1 influenza which was first identified in April 2009 in Mexico is insufficient especially for immunocompromised patients. We aimed to evaluate the features and prognostic factors of the children with H1N1, especially immunocompromised ones, and whether intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) replacement could aid for a better outcome.

Congenital tuberculosis in premature twins after in vitro fertilisation

Genital tuberculosis is a major cause of infertility in countries where tuberculosis is endemic. With recent advances in assisted reproductive technology, women with tuberculous endometritis may become pregnant and ultimately have children with congenital tuberculosis. In vitro fertilisation represents a useful treatment for infertility. Congenital tuberculosis is a rare and severe, rapidly progressive, disease. Making an early diagnosis of congenital tuberculosis is difficult, because it can mimic many neonatal illnesses. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first cases of premature twins with congenital tuberculosis following in vitro fertilisation. After the diagnosis of genital tuberculosis in the mother, the twins were screened and diagnosed for tuberculosis. The twins dramatically improved after anti-tuberculosis therapy. We also wish to draw attention to the importance of searching for genital tuberculosis as the possible cause of congenital infection, even if the mother is asymptomatic.

8‐year old patient with giant hydatid cyst consulted with chest wall asymmetry

Cystic echinococcosis, a zoonotic disease, is common in Turkey and is caused by the Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm. We describe the case of an 8‐year‐old girl who was admitted to hospital with chest wall asymmetry after a fall from height, without any other symptoms. Cystic lesion was identified on radiology, and serology supported the diagnosis of hydatid cyst. The patient underwent thorax surgery. Postoperatively, she was treated with benzimidazoles for 2 months. Rarely, hydatid cysts can reach a size sufficiently large to cause chest deformity.

Chest Imaging Findings in Hospitalized Children with H1N1 Influenza

INTRODUCTION Novel swine-origin influenza A (2009 H1N1) was first reported in Mexico in April 2009 (1). Since then, it has rapidly spread to many countries around the world. The first laboratory-confirmed case in Turkey was seen on June 27, 2009, and the pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus arrived at Konya in September 2009 (2). The symptoms of H1N1 infection may be similar to seasonal influenza, and hospitalization is not usually required. The virus can infect the lower respiratory tract and cause rapidly progressive pneumonia, especially in children and younger adults. The abnormal thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan findings vary widely among the studies of 2009 H1N1 influenza. Descriptions of the chest imaging manifestations of H1N1 virus infection in children are limited (3-7).