S. V. R. Anand

How to interpret postoperative X-rays after total knee arthroplasty.

Today, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one the most commonly performed surgeries worldwide. The purpose of this article is to review the appearance of normal post‐TKA roentgenographs and describe the correct sequence for their interpretation. It is unwise to depend solely on patients’ symptoms when diagnosing TKA complications because serial radiographs can foresee failures well before they manifest clinically. Ideal post‐TKA radiographs comprise whole lower extremity anteroposterior and lateral views taken under weight bearing conditions along with a skyline view of the patellofemoral joint. Among other things, weight bearing exposes the true alignment, ligamentous laxity and polyethylene wear. On the basis of follow‐up of our TKA cases, we have drawn up a protocol for assessing postoperative X‐ray films after TKAs. Following the proposed sequence, surgeon can easily decide how to proceed with follow‐up and foresee complications. Careful interpretation of postoperative radiographs after TKA is essential to careful monitoring of patients and implant survival.

Challenges in Developing and Deploying a PIR Sensor-Based Intrusion Classification System for an Outdoor Environment

The aim of the current paper is to describe the challenges faced during the development and deployment of a PIR sensor-based intrusion classification system in an outdoor environment. Some potential solutions to overcome these challenges are also presented. The challenges are of three types: (a) challenges in designing a sensor tower platform that is physically aligned to the accuracies demanded by the application, (b) challenges involved in implementing high-accuracy algorithms on a mote and, finally and perhaps most importantly, (c) challenges faced in attempting to operate a PIR-based sensor tower platform at temperatures close to that of the human body. A test deployment over a 15-week period, beginning Feb 6, 2016, was carried out within the campus of the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru. This period of deployment coincided with the peak summer season at which time the ambient temperature in Bengaluru ranged from 15 degree C to 38 degree C. This made it possible to study the behavior of the PIR-based sensor tower platform in settings where the ambient temperature is close to that of the human body.

RETRACTED: Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of supracondylar humerus fractures in children using a semi-sterile technique in a low resource south Asian setting: infection rate and functional outcome

The purpose of this study was to determine infection rate and functional outcome after percutaneous pinning of supracondylar humeral fractures using a semi-sterile technique. A total of 183 children were treated in this fashion between 2008 and 2014. They were evaluated for postoperative infection and other complications. Clinical evaluation was made using Flynns criteria. Only seven patients (4%) developed superficial pin tract infections, which all settled with pin tract dressings and oral antibiotics. Loss of reduction was seen in 22 (12%) patients, cubitus varus in six (3%) and nerve injury in four (2%). Outcome was excellent in 161 (88%), good in 15 (8%) and fair in seven (4%). These data demonstrate that the infection rate using this technique is low and the technique is simple to manage.