Şafak Ersöz

Mediastinal lymph nodes: Assessment with diffusion-weighted MR imaging

To prospectively determine whether the diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging is useful to distinguish between malignant and benign mediastinal lymph nodes.

Endobronchial Metastasis from Testicular Seminoma

Objective: To present a case of endobronchial metastasis from a seminoma mimicking a primary pulmonary mass on X-ray radiograph. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 27-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of hemoptysis. Thorax computerized tomography of the patient obtained at the level of the main right bronchi demonstrated a mass with a size of 7 × 6 cm and a peripheral lobulated nodule. Bronchoscopic examination showed narrowing and multiple nodules in the right upper and right intermediary lobar bronchi. Histopathological examination of bronchial biopsies and brushing confirmed endobronchial metastasis of the testicular seminoma. Conclusion: This case shows the prognostic significance of distinguishing endobronchial metastasis from primary lung carcinoma.

A histopathological and biochemical evaluation of oxidative injury in the sciatic nerves of male rats exposed to a continuous 900-megahertz electromagnetic field throughout all periods of adolescence

The effects on human health of the electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by mobile phones, used by approximately 7 billion people worldwide, have become an important subject for scientific research. Studies have suggested that the EMF emitted by mobile phones can cause oxidative stress in different tissues and age groups. Young people in adolescence, a time period when risky behaviors and dependences increase, use mobile phones more than adults. The EMF emitted by mobile phones, which are generally carried in the pocket or in bags when not in use, will very probably affect the sciatic nerve. No previous study has investigated the effect of mobile phone use in adolescence on peripheral nerve. This study was planned accordingly. Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats aged 21 days were divided equally into control (CGr), Sham (SGr) and EMF (EMFGr) groups. No procedure was performed on CGr rats. EMFGr were exposed to the effect of a 900-megahertz (MHz) EMF for 1 h at the same time every day between postnatal days 21-59 (the entire adolescent period) inside a cage in the EMF apparatus. SGr rats were placed inside the cage for 1 h every day without being exposed to EMF. All rats were sacrificed at the end of the study period, and 1 cm sections of sciatic nerve were extracted. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione, catalase (CAT) superoxide dismutase (SOD) values were investigated biochemically in half of the right sciatic nerve tissues. The other halves of the nerve tissues were subjected to routine histopathological tissue procedures, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Massons trichrome. Histopathological evaluation of slides stained with Massons trichrome and H&E revealed a normal appearance in Schwann cells and axons in all groups. However, there was marked thickening in the epineurium of sciatic nerves from EMFGr rats. MDA, SOD and CAT levels were higher in EMFGr than in CGr and SGr at biochemical analyses. Apoptotıc index (AI) analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of TUNEL (+) cells when EMFGr was compared with CGr and SGr. In conclusion, our study results suggest that continuous exposure to a 900-MHz EMF for 1 h throughout adolescence can cause oxidative injury and thickening in the epineurium in the sciatic nerve in male rats.

The effects of osteoformin on mineralisation and quality of newly formed bone during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rabbits

OBJECTIVE The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of osteoformin on mineralization and quality of newly formed bone during distraction osteogenesis in rabbits. STUDY DESIGN Distraction rate was as 1 mm/day for 5 days. In the experimental group, 100 microg/kg osteoformin in 100 microL/kg phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was injected into the distraction area at day 1 and day 7 after surgery. In the control group, only 100 microL/kg PBS was injected on the same days. On day 42, the animals were killed. RESULTS Bone mineral density and bone mineral content values increased significantly in the experimental group (P < .05). Newly formed bone areas, number of vessels and osteoblasts were significantly greater in experimental group (P < .05). The number of fibroblasts were also greater, but it was not significant statistically (P > .05). The number of osteoclasts was significantly lower in experimental group (P < .05). CONCLUSION The results of this study show that osteoformin improves healing of regenerate in distraction osteogenesis in rabbits.

Bilateral total lung lavage in a patient with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare pulmonary disease characterised by alveolar accumulation of surfactant composed of proteins and lipids. Three main categories of PAP have been defined depending on the aetiology: primer/idiopathic, neonatal/congenital, secondary and exogenous/environmental exposure. Radiologically diffuse ground glass opacities, interlobular and intralobular septal thickening is seen. Although open lung biopsy is accepted as the gold standard in diagnosis, it can be diagnosed by showing bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid with a milky appearance and periodic acid-schiff (PAS) positive globules in biopsy with clinical and radiological findings. Theraphy for PAP are supportive care (oxygen), total lung lavage, inhale/subcutaneous granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), rituximab, plasmapheresis, lung transplantation. We report a case of PAP presented with cough and shortness of breath, diagnosed with BAL and transbronchial lung biopsy, treated by total lung lavage by reviewing literature.

Alterations of thymic morphology and antioxidant biomarkers in 60-day-old male rats following exposure to a continuous 900 MHz electromagnetic field during adolescence

Abstract We investigated changes in thymic tissue of male rats exposed to a 900 megahertz (MHz) electromagnetic field (EMF) on postnatal days 22–59. Three groups of six 21-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated as: control (CG), sham (SG) and EMF (EMFG) groups. No procedure was performed on the CG rats. SG rats were placed in a Plexiglas cage for 1 h every day between postnatal days 22 and 59 without exposure to EMF. EMFG rats were placed in the same cage for the same periods as the SG rats and were exposed to 900 MHz EMF. Rats were sacrificed on postnatal day 60. Sections of thymus were stained for histological assessment. Oxidant/antioxidant parameters were investigated biochemically. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in EMFG increased compared to the other groups. Extravascular erythrocytes were observed in the medullary/corticomedullary regions in EMFG sections. We found that 900 MHz EMF applied for 1 h/day on postnatal days 22–59 can increase tissue MDA and histopathological changes in male rat thymic tissue.

Contents Vol. 17, 2008

507 Abstracts of Award-Winning Posters, 13th Annual Health Sciences Poster Conference, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Kuwait University, Kuwait, April 22–24, 2008 512 Abstracts of Theses Approved for the MSc and PhD Degrees at the Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Kuwait University, Kuwait 515 List of Reviewers Vol. 17, 2008 517 Author Index Vol. 17, 2008 519 Subject Index Vol. 17, 2008