Sahar Farjami

Multilingual problem based learning in metaverse

The authors have established an e-learning system by utilizing Second life and language grid system where virtual and multilingual discussions would be possible. To investigate the possibility of PBL in virtual engineering class, the virtual infrastructure was used for PBL in materials science and engineering. In this study, a learning environment for both the lecture and PBL discussion in a virtual space was built and the effectiveness and possibility for the application of e-learning was evaluated from the viewpoint of engineering education. The questionnaire and the sentence analyses indicate that the language grid system brought the class more beneficial effects and suggest that the system could be used effectively for the virtual problem based learning in Metaverse.

Imaging of surface spin textures on bulk crystals by scanning electron microscopy

Direct observation of magnetic microstructures is vital for advancing spintronics and other technologies. Here we report a method for imaging surface domain structures on bulk samples by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Complex magnetic domains, referred to as the maze state in CoPt/FePt alloys, were observed at a spatial resolution of less than 100 nm by using an in-lens annular detector. The method allows for imaging almost all the domain walls in the mazy structure, whereas the visualisation of the domain walls with the classical SEM method was limited. Our method provides a simple way to analyse surface domain structures in the bulk state that can be used in combination with SEM functions such as orientation or composition analysis. Thus, the method extends applications of SEM-based magnetic imaging, and is promising for resolving various problems at the forefront of fields including physics, magnetics, materials science, engineering, and chemistry.